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Product Quality Law of the People's Republic of China
(Adopted at the 30th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Seventh National People's Congress on February 22, 1993, and amended in accordance with the Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on Amending the Product Quality Law of the People's Republic of China adopted at the 16th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress on July 8, 2000)
| | 中华人民共和国产品质量法
（１９９３年２月２２日第七届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第三十次会议通过 根据２０００年７月８日第九届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十六次会议《关于修改〈中华人民共和国产品质量法〉的决定》修正）
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Contents
| | 目录
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CHAPTER ONE General Principles
| | 第一章 总则
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CHAPTER TWO Supervision and Control of Product Quality
| | 第二章 产品质量的监督
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CHAPTER THREE Responsibilities and Obligations of Producers And Sellers
| | 第三章 生产者、销售者的产品质量责任和义务
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Section 1 Product Quality Responsibilities and Obligations of Producers
| | 第一节 生产者的产品质量责任和义务
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Section 2 Product Quality Responsibilities and Obligations of Sellers
| | 第二节 销售者的产品质量责任和义务
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CHAPTER FOUR Compensation For Damages
| | 第四章 损害赔偿
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CHAPTER FIVE Penalty Provisions
| | 第五章 罚则
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CHAPTER SIX Supplementary Provisions
| | 第六章 附则
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CHAPTER ONE General Principles
| | 第一章 总则
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Article 1.The law has been formulated with a view to reinforcing the supervision and regulation of product quality, improving the quality of products, clarifying the liabilities for product quality, protecting the legitimate rights and interests of consumers and safeguarding the social and economic order.
| | 第一条 为了加强对产品质量的监督管理，提高产品质量水平，明确产品质量责任，保护消费者的合法权益，维护社会经济秩序，制定本法。
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Article 2. The law applies to all production and marketing activities within the territory of the People's Republic of China.
Products mentioned in the law are referred to products processed and manufactured for the purpose of marketing.
This law is not applicable to construction projects. However, the construction materials, structural components and fittings and equipment that fall within the category as provided in the previous paragraph shall be governed by this law.
| | 第二条 在中华人民共和国境内从事产品生产、销售活动，必须遵守本法。
本法所称产品是指经过加工、制作，用于销售的产品。
建设工程不适用本法规定；但是，建设工程使用的建筑材料、建筑构配件和设备，属于前款规定的产品范围的，适用本法规定。
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Article 3 Producers and sellers shall have their own proper regulations for the management of product quality, rigorously implementing post-oriented quality regulations, quality liabilities and relevant measures for their assessment.
| | 第三条 生产者、销售者应当建立健全内部产品质量管理制度，严格实施岗位质量规范、质量责任以及相应的考核办法。
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Article 4. Producers and sellers are responsible for the product quality according to the provisions of the law.
| | 第四条 生产者、销售者依照本法规定承担产品质量责任。
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Article 5. It is forbidden to forge or infringe upon quality marks such as certification marks and marks for fine quality products; it is forbidden to forge the place of origin, forge or infringe upon the factory names, factory addresses; it is forbidden to produce or market adulterated products or to use fake goods as genuine or sub-standard products as standard.
| | 第五条 禁止伪造或者冒用认证标志等质量标志；禁止伪造产品的产地，伪造或者冒用他人的厂名、厂址；禁止在生产、销售的产品中掺杂、掺假，以假充真，以次充好。
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Article 6. The State encourages the use of scientific quality control methods and adoption of advanced science and technology by enterprises to make their products surpass the standards set by the various trades, the State standards and even international standards in their product quality and awards units and individuals who have made outstanding achievements in quality control and in bringing the product quality up to the advanced international levels.
Awards shall be given to units and individuals who have made outstanding achievements in quality control and in bringing the product quality up to the advanced international levels.
| | 第六条 国家鼓励推行科学的质量管理方法，采用先进的科学技术，鼓励企业产品质量达到并且超过行业标准、国家标准和国际标准。
对产品质量管理先进和产品质量达到国际先进水平、成绩显著的单位和个人，给予奖励。
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Article 7 The people's government at all levels shall ensure the implementation of this law by incorporating the improvement of product quality into their plans for national economy and social development, reinforcing the integrated planning and organization regarding product quality, guiding, supervising and urging the producers and sellers to reinforce the management of product quality and improve the quality of products, organizing relevant departments to lawfully taking measures for stopping those acts that violate this law in the process of product production and product selling.
| | 第七条 各级人民政府应当把提高产品质量纳入国民经济和社会发展规划，加强对产品质量工作的统筹规划和组织领导，引导、督促生产者、销售者加强产品质量管理，提高产品质量，组织各有关部门依法采取措施，制止产品生产、销售中违反本法规定的行为，保障本法的施行。
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Article 8 The product quality supervision and administration departments of the State Council are responsible for the supervision and administration of the quality of products of the whole country. All relevant departments of the State Council shall be responsible for the supervision of product quality within their own functions and duties.
Local administrations for the supervision of product quality at and above the county level are responsible for the supervision of product quality within their own administrative jurisdictions. The relevant departments of the local people's governments at and above the county level are responsible for the product quality within their respective functions and duties.
If there are different provisions concerning the supervision departments of product quality, such provisions shall be applied.
| | 第八条 国务院产品质量监督部门主管全国产品质量监督工作。国务院有关部门在各自的职责范围内负责产品质量监督工作。
县级以上地方产品质量监督部门主管本行政区域内的产品质量监督工作。县级以上地方人民政府有关部门在各自的职责范围内负责产品质量监督工作。
法律对产品质量的监督部门另有规定的，依照有关法律的规定执行。
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Article 9 The staff members of the people's governments at all levels and other state organs may not abuse their power, neglect their duties or misconduct to seek private interests, cover up or give loose to the acts violating this law that occurs within the locality or within the industry, hinder or meddle with the investigation of acts violating this law that occurred in the process of the producing or selling products.
Where any of the local people's governments or other state organs covers up or give loose to the violations of this law that occurred in the production or selling of products, the person who is held to be mainly responsible shall take legal liabilities.
| | 第九条 各级人民政府工作人员和其他国家机关工作人员不得滥用职权、玩忽职守或者徇私舞弊，包庇、放纵本地区、本系统发生的产品生产、销售中违反本法规定的行为，或者阻挠、干预依法对产品生产、销售中违反本法规定的行为进行查处。
各级地方人民政府和其他国家机关有包庇、放纵产品生产、销售中违反本法规定的行为的，依法追究其主要负责人的法律责任。
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Article 10 Any entity or individual is entitled to report to the product quality supervision administrations or other relevant departments about any of the acts violating this law.
The product quality supervision department and relevant departments shall hold all information about the reporter as confidential and give awards to the reporter in accordance with the provisions of the province, autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government.
| | 第十条 任何单位和个人有权对违反本法规定的行为，向产品质量监督部门或者其他有关部门检举。
产品质量监督部门和有关部门应当为检举人保密，并按照省、自治区、直辖市人民政府的规定给予奖励。
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Article 11 No entity or individual may prevent any of the qualified products produced outside of the region or trade from entering the region or trade.
| | 第十一条 任何单位和个人不得排斥非本地区或者非本系统企业生产的质量合格产品进入本地区、本系统。
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CHAPTER TWO Supervision and Control of Product Quality
| | 第二章 产品质量的监督
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Article 12. Quality of products shall pass standard examinations and no sub-standard products shall be used as standard ones.
| | 第十二条 产品质量应当检验合格，不得以不合格产品冒充合格产品。
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Article 13. Industrial products which may be hazardous to the health of the people and the safety of lives and property shall conform to the State and trade standards for ensuring the health of the human body and safety of lives and property. In absence of such State or trade standards, the products shall conform to the minimum requirements for ensuring the health of the human body and the safety of lives and property.
It shall be prohibited to produce or sell industrial products that do not come to the requirements and demands for physical health and safety of body and property. The specific measures for management will be enacted by the State Council.
| | 第十三条 可能危及人体健康和人身、财产安全的工业产品，必须符合保障人体健康和人身、财产安全的国家标准、行业标准；未制定国家标准、行业标准的，必须符合保障人体健康和人身、财产安全的要求。
禁止生产、销售不符合保障人体健康和人身、财产安全的标准和要求的工业产品。具体管理办法由国务院规定。
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Article 14. The State shall institute the system for certifying quality control system of enterprises according to the quality control standards commonly accepted internationally. Enterprises may apply voluntarily for certification of their quality control systems with the product quality supervision and control departments under the State Council or quality certification organizations recognized by the departments authorized by the quality supervision and control departments under the State Council. The qualified enterprises shall be issued with the certificates for the quality control systems.
The State shall institute the system for certifying the product quality in reference to the internationally advanced product quality standards and technical requirements. Enterprises may apply voluntarily for certification of the quality of their products with the product quality supervision and control departments under the State Council or quality certification organizations recognized by the departments authorized by the quality supervision and control departments under the State Council. The qualified enterprises shall be issued with the certificates for product quality and are allowed to use quality certification marks on the products or on the packages of their products.
| | 第十四条 国家根据国际通用的质量管理标准，推行企业质量体系认证制度。企业根据自愿原则可以向国务院产品质量监督部门认可的或者国务院产品质量监督部门授权的部门认可的认证机构申请企业质量体系认证。经认证合格的，由认证机构颁发企业质量体系认证证书。
国家参照国际先进的产品标准和技术要求，推行产品质量认证制度。企业根据自愿原则可以向国务院产品质量监督部门认可的或者国务院产品质量监督部门授权的部门认可的认证机构申请产品质量认证。经认证合格的，由认证机构颁发产品质量认证证书，准许企业在产品或者其包装上使用产品质量认证标志。
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Article 15. An supervision and inspection system based on random inspection is implemented by the state to test those products that may injure physical health or the safety of body or property, those important industrial products that have a great bearing on the national economy and those products that have been reported by consumers or relevant organizations as to be defective in quality. The samples shall be randomly taken from the market or the products stored in the warehouse of the enterprise for sale. The supervision and inspection shall be planned and organized by the product quality supervision administrations of the State Council. The local administrations for product quality supervision on and above the county level may organize and supervise sample tests. Where there are different provisions concerning the supervision and inspection, such provisions shall be applied.
The products supervised and inspected by the state administrations shall be not re-supervised and reinspected by the local administrations; the products supervised and inspected by the administration on a higher level shall be not reinspected by that on a lower level.
Products may be tested according to the demand of supervision and random inspection. The quantity of samples for random sample test shall not be bigger than that is reasonably needed, and no fees may be collected from the person under supervision and inspection. The expenses for supervision and random inspection shall be covered in according to the provisions of the State Council.
Where the producer or seller refuses to accept the results of sample test, he may apply to the product quality supervision departments on the higher level within 15 days from the day he receives the results for reexamination. The reexamination conclusion shall be made by the product quality department that does the reexamination.
| | 第十五条 国家对产品质量实行以抽查为主要方式的监督检查制度，对可能危及人体健康和人身、财产安全的产品，影响国计民生的重要工业产品以及消费者、有关组织反映有质量问题的产品进行抽查。抽查的样品应当在市场上或者企业成品仓库内的待销产品中随机抽取。监督抽查工作由国务院产品质量监督部门规划和组织。县级以上地方产品质量监督部门在本行政区域内也可以组织监督抽查。法律对产品质量的监督检查另有规定的，依照有关法律的规定执行。
国家监督抽查的产品，地方不得另行重复抽查；上级监督抽查的产品，下级不得另行重复抽查。
根据监督抽查的需要，可以对产品进行检验。检验抽取样品的数量不得超过检验的合理需要，并不得向被检查人收取检验费用。监督抽查所需检验费用按照国务院规定列支。
生产者、销售者对抽查检验的结果有异议的，可以自收到检验结果之日起十五日内向实施监督抽查的产品质量监督部门或者其上级产品质量监督部门申请复检，由受理复检的产品质量监督部门作出复检结论。
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Article 16 No producer or seller may reject any supervision or inspection of product quality that is lawfully carried out.
| | 第十六条 对依法进行的产品质量监督检查，生产者、销售者不得拒绝。
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Article 17 Where any product is found to be unqualified by any supervision and inspection that is carried out according to this law, the producer or seller shall be ordered to make corrections within the time limit by the product quality supervision administration that carries out the supervision and inspection. Where the producer or seller fails to make corrections within the time limit, he shall be publicized by the product quality supervision administration of the people's government on or above the provincial level; if the product quality is still not qualified after reexamination, the producer or seller shall be ordered to suspend business for rectifications within the time limit; if the product quality is still proved unqualified by reexamination after the period for rectifications, the business license of the producer or seller shall be canceled.
If the products are proved to be seriously unqualified by sample test, penalty be given according to the provisions of Chapter Five of this law.
| | 第十七条 依照本法规定进行监督抽查的产品质量不合格的，由实施监督抽查的产品质量监督部门责令其生产者、销售者限期改正。逾期不改正的，由省级以上人民政府产品质量监督部门予以公告；公告后经复查仍不合格的，责令停业，限期整顿；整顿期满后经复查产品质量仍不合格的，吊销营业执照。
监督抽查的产品有严重质量问题的，依照本法第五章的有关规定处罚。
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Article 18 Product quality supervision administrations at and above the county level may exercise, when investigating acts violating this law according to the evidence acquired concerning the act suspected of violating the law or according to reports, the following powers:
| | 第十八条 县级以上产品质量监督部门根据已经取得的违法嫌疑证据或者举报，对涉嫌违反本法规定的行为进行查处时，可以行使下列职权：
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a.conduct on-spot inspection over the site where the parties concerned are suspected of committing production or sale activities as against the provisions of this law;
| | （一）对当事人涉嫌从事违反本法的生产、销售活动的场所实施现场检查；
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b.inquire the legal representative, main leaders and other relevant personnel about information relevant to the suspected activities of production and sale violating this law;
| | （二）向当事人的法定代表人、主要负责人和其他有关人员调查、了解与涉嫌从事违反本法的生产、销售活动有关的情况；
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c.read and copy contracts, invoices, account books and other materials connected with the parties concerned;
| | （三）查阅、复制当事人有关的合同、发票、帐簿以及其他有关资料；
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d.close down or detain any product that they have good reason to deem as not meeting the national standards or trade standards for ensuring physical health and the safety of body and property, any products that have other serious defects and raw subsidiary materials, wrappings, tools directly used for production or sale of products.
The administrations at and above the county level may, when investigating activities suspected of violating this law within the functions as stipulated by the State Council, exercise the powers as mentioned in the previous paragraph.
| | （四）对有根据认为不符合保障人体健康和人身、财产安全的国家标准、行业标准的产品或者有其他严重质量问题的产品，以及直接用于生产、销售该项产品的原辅材料、包装物、生产工具，予以查封或者扣押。
县级以上工商行政管理部门按照国务院规定的职责范围，对涉嫌违反本法规定的行为进行查处时，可以行使前款规定的职权。
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Article 19. Product quality testing organizations shall have the corresponding testing facilities and capabilities and shall conduct product quality testing only after the examination and approval of the quality supervision and control departments under the people's governments at and above the provincial level or of the organizations they have authorized. If there are separate provisions by other laws or administrative decrees, the relevant laws or administrative decrees shall apply.
| | 第十九条 产品质量检验机构必须具备相应的检测条件和能力，经省级以上人民政府产品质量监督部门或者其授权的部门考核合格后，方可承担产品质量检验工作。法律、行政法规对产品质量检验机构另有规定的，依照有关法律、行政法规的规定执行。
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Article 20 Social intermediary institutions engaging in the test and certification of product quality shall be established in conformity with the law and shall not be subordinate to or have any other interest with any administrative organs or state organs.
| | 第二十条 从事产品质量检验、认证的社会中介机构必须依法设立，不得与行政机关和其他国家机关存在隶属关系或者其他利益关系。
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Article 21 Product quality testing and certification institutions shall make objective and fair conclusions or certifications in accordance with the law and relevant criteria.
Product quality certification institutions shall, in accordance with the provisions of the state, make track-up tests about the products that have been allowed to use certification marks. If any product fails to meet the certification requirements, the institutions shall order the producers or sellers to make mend up; if the circumstances are serious, the institutions shall repeal the qualifications for using certification marks
| | 第二十一条 产品质量检验机构、认证机构必须依法按照有关标准，客观、公正地出具检验结果或者认证证明。
产品质量认证机构应当依照国家规定对准许使用认证标志的产品进行认证后的跟踪检查；对不符合认证标准而使用认证标志的，要求其改正；情节严重的，取消其使用认证标志的资格。
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Article 22. Consumers have the right to inquire about the quality problems of products with producers or sellers of the products, to complain about product quality to the product quality supervision administrations or the administrations for industry and commerce or other relevant departments. The relevant departments accepting complaints shall be responsible for handling the matters.
| | 第二十二条 消费者有权就产品质量问题，向产品的生产者、销售者查询；向产品质量监督部门、工商行政管理部门及有关部门申诉，接受申诉的部门应当负责处理。
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Article 23. Social organizations for protecting the rights and interests of consumers may propose to relevant departments to handle matters concerning the complaints by consumers about product quality and give aid to consumers to sue producers whose products have caused damages.
| | 第二十三条 保护消费者权益的社会组织可以就消费者反映的产品质量问题建议有关部门负责处理，支持消费者对因产品质量造成的损害向人民法院起诉。
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Article 24 The product quality supervision administrations under the State Council and the people's governments of the provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall publicize regularly the quality situation of the products that they have tested on the random basis.
| | 第二十四条 国务院和省、自治区、直辖市人民政府的产品质量监督部门应当定期发布其监督抽查的产品的质量状况公告。
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Article 25 Product quality supervision administrations and other state organs as well as product quality testing institutions may not make recommendations of the producers' products, nor may they engage in the product management by means of supervising the production or sale of products.
| | 第二十五条 产品质量监督部门或者其他国家机关以及产品质量检验机构不得向社会推荐生产者的产品；不得以对产品进行监制、监销等方式参与产品经营活动。
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CHAPTER THREE Responsibilities and Obligations of Producers And Sellers
| | 第三章 生产者、销售者的产品质量责任和义务
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Section 1 Product Quality Responsibilities and Obligations of Producers
| | 第一节 生产者的产品质量责任和义务
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Article 26. Producers shall be responsible for the quality of products they produce.
Quality of products shall meet the following requirements:
| | 第二十六条 生产者应当对其生产的产品质量负责。
产品质量应当符合下列要求：
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1. Products shall be free from any irrational dangers threatening the safety of people and property. If there are State standards or trade standards for ensuring the health of the human body and safety of lives and property, the products shall conform to such standards.
| | （一）不存在危及人身、财产安全的不合理的危险，有保障人体健康和人身、财产安全的国家标准、行业标准的，应当符合该标准；
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2. Products shall have the property they are due to have, except cases in which there are explanations about the defects of the property of the products.
| | （二）具备产品应当具备的使用性能，但是，对产品存在使用性能的瑕疵作出说明的除外；
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3. Products shall tally with the standards prescribed or specified on the packages and with the quality specified in the instructions for use or shown in the providing samples.
| | （三）符合在产品或者其包装上注明采用的产品标准，符合以产品说明、实物样品等方式表明的质量状况。
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Article 27. The marks on the products or the package of products shall be true to the fact and satisfy the following requirements:
| | 第二十七条 产品或者其包装上的标识必须真实，并符合下列要求：
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1. including a certificate of quality inspection;
| | （一）有产品质量检验合格证明；
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2. including the name of product and the name and addresses of producer in the Chinese language;
| | （二）有中文标明的产品名称、生产厂厂名和厂址；
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3. If, according to the characteristics and requirements for use, the specification, grades or the names and contents of the major ingredients are required to be specified, they shall be specified clearly in Chinese; if it is required to inform consumers in advance, it shall be marked on the outer package or relevant materials shall be provided to consumers in advance;
| | （三）根据产品的特点和使用要求，需要标明产品规格、等级、所含主要成份的名称和含量的，用中文相应予以标明；需要事先让消费者知晓的，应当在外包装上标明，或者预先向消费者提供有关资料；
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4. Products which have a time limit for use, the date of production or the period for safe use or the date of losing effect shall be specified clearly in a conspicuous position of the product;
| | （四）限期使用的产品，应当在显著位置清晰地标明生产日期和安全使用期或者失效日期；
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5. Products which may cause harm to the human body or injure the safety of body and property due to improper use shall carry warning marks or warnings written in Chinese.
Unpacked food or other products which are hard to be packed according to the characteristics of products may not have marks attached.
| | （五）使用不当，容易造成产品本身损坏或者可能危及人身、财产安全的产品，应当有警示标志或者中文警示说明。
裸装的食品和其他根据产品的特点难以附加标识的裸装产品，可以不附加产品标识。
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Article 28. For products which are easily broken, inflammable, explosive, toxic, erosive or radioactive and products that cannot be handled upside down in the process of storage or transportation or for which there are other special requirements, the package thereof shall meet the corresponding requirements, carry warning marks or warnings written in Chinese or points of attention in handling in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state.
| | 第二十八条 易碎、易燃、易爆、有毒、有腐蚀性、有放射性等危险物品以及储运中不能倒置和其他有特殊要求的产品，其包装质量必须符合相应要求，依照国家有关规定作出警示标志或者中文警示说明，标明储运注意事项。
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Article 29. Producers are forbidden to produce products eliminated according to State laws or decrees.
| | 第二十九条 生产者不得生产国家明令淘汰的产品。
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Article 30. Producers are not allowed to fake the place of origin or fake or use the names and addresses of other producers.
| | 第三十条 生产者不得伪造产地，不得伪造或者冒用他人的厂名、厂址。
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Article 31. Producers are not allowed to fake or use the quality marks such as certification marks and fine quality product marks.
| | 第三十一条 生产者不得伪造或者冒用认证标志等质量标志。
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Article 32. Producers shall not adulterate their products or pose fake products as genuine or shoddy products as good or non-standard products as standard.
Responsibilities and obligations of sellers with regard to product quality.
| | 第三十二条 生产者生产产品，不得掺杂、掺假，不得以假充真、以次充好，不得以不合格产品冒充合格产品。
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Section 2 Product Quality Responsibilities and Obligations of Sellers
| | 第二节 销售者的产品质量责任和义务
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Article 33. Sellers shall implement the system of examination and acceptance of goods procured, verifying the product quality certificates and other marks.
| | 第三十三条 销售者应当建立并执行进货检查验收制度，验明产品合格证明和其他标识。
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Article 34. Sellers shall adopt measures to maintain the quality of products for sale.
| | 第三十四条 销售者应当采取措施，保持销售产品的质量。
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Article 35. Sellers may not sell any product that has been put into disuse by order of the state and therefore the sale of which has been prohibited or those that have lost effect or have deteriorated.
| | 第三十五条 销售者不得销售国家明令淘汰并停止销售的产品和失效、变质的产品。
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Article 36. The marks of products for sale by sellers shall conform to the provisions of Article 15 of this law.
| | 第三十六条 销售者销售的产品的标识应当符合本法第二十七条的规定。
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Article 37. Sellers are not allowed to fake the place of origin or fake or use the names and addresses of other producers.
| | 第三十七条 销售者不得伪造产地，不得伪造或者冒用他人的厂名、厂址。
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Article 38. Sellers are not allowed to fake or use quality marks such as certification marks and fine quality marks.
| | 第三十八条 销售者不得伪造或者冒用认证标志等质量标志。
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Article 39. Sellers are not allowed to adulterate the products for sale or pose fake ones as genuine or shoddy ones as good or sub-standard ones as standard.
| | 第三十九条 销售者销售产品，不得掺杂、掺假，不得以假充真、以次充好，不得以不合格产品冒充合格产品。
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CHAPTER FOUR Compensation For Damages
| | 第四章 损害赔偿
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Article 40. Sellers shall be responsible for repair, replacement or return and compensate for the damages done to end-users or consumers if one of the following cases occurs:
| | 第四十条 售出的产品有下列情形之一的，销售者应当负责修理、更换、退货；给购买产品的消费者造成损失的，销售者应当赔偿损失：
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1. Products do not have the property for use it should have and there is no advance explanations;
| | （一）不具备产品应当具备的使用性能而事先未作说明的；
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2. The quality of products does not conform to the standards or to the standards specified in the packages;
| | （二）不符合在产品或者其包装上注明采用的产品标准的；
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3. The quality of products does not tally with the quality specified in the instruction for use or with the quality of samples provided.
After the sellers undertake the repairs, replacement, return or compensation for damages according to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the sellers have the right to recover the losses from producers or suppliers if the responsibility rests with the producers or other marketers that provide the products.
If the sellers fail to perform the duty of repairing, replacing, returning or compensating for damages as provided in the first paragraph of this articles, the quality supervision and control departments or administrations for industry and commerce shall order them to correct.
If there are relevant provisions in the contracts for marketing or processing between producers, marketers or between producers and marketers, the parties to the contracts shall implement the provisions of the contracts.
| | （三）不符合以产品说明、实物样品等方式表明的质量状况的。
销售者依照前款规定负责修理、更换、退货、赔偿损失后，属于生产者的责任或者属于向销售者提供产品的其他销售者（以下简称供货者）的责任的，销售者有权向生产者、供货者追偿。
销售者未按照第一款规定给予修理、更换、退货或者赔偿损失的，由产品质量监督部门或者工商行政管理部门责令改正。
生产者之间，销售者之间，生产者与销售者之间订立的买卖合同、承揽合同有不同约定的，合同当事人按照合同约定执行。
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Article 41. Producers shall be responsible for compensating for damages done to the person or property except the defective products themselves (hereinafter referred to as "property of others") due to the defects of products.
Producers shall not be held responsible if they can prove one of the following cases:
| | 第四十一条 因产品存在缺陷造成人身、缺陷产品以外的其他财产（以下简称他人财产）损害的，生产者应当承担赔偿责任。
生产者能够证明有下列情形之一的，不承担赔偿责任：
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1. The products have not been put into circulation;
| | （一）未将产品投入流通的；
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2. The defects are non-existent when the products are put into circulation;
| | （二）产品投入流通时，引起损害的缺陷尚不存在的；
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3. The defects cannot be found at the time of circulation due to scientific and technological reasons.
| | （三）将产品投入流通时的科学技术水平尚不能发现缺陷的存在的。
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Article 42. Sellers shall be responsible for compensation if the damages caused to the property of others are caused by defects resulting from the fault on the part of sellers.
Sellers shall be responsible if they cannot identify the producers or suppliers of the defective products.
| | 第四十二条 由于销售者的过错使产品存在缺陷，造成人身、他人财产损害的，销售者应当承担赔偿责任。
销售者不能指明缺陷产品的生产者也不能指明缺陷产品的供货者的，销售者应当承担赔偿责任。
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Article 43. If damages are done to the person or properties of others due to the defects of products, the victims may claim for compensation either from the producers or sellers. If the responsibility rests with the producers and the compensation is paid by the sellers, the sellers have the right to recover their losses from the producers. If the responsibility rests with the sellers and the compensation is paid by the producers, the producers have the right to recover their losses.
| | 第四十三条 因产品存在缺陷造成人身、他人财产损害的，受害人可以向产品的生产者要求赔偿，也可以向产品的销售者要求赔偿。属于产品的生产者的责任，产品的销售者赔偿的，产品的销售者有权向产品的生产者追偿。属于产品的销售者的责任，产品的生产者赔偿的，产品的生产者有权向产品的销售者追偿。
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Article 44. If bodily injury is caused by the defect of products, the party responsible shall pay for medical expenses and nursing expenses during medical treatment, the lost income due to absence from work; if the bodily injury has resulted in disability, the party responsible shall also be responsible for the expenses for self-supporting equipment, living allowances, compensation of the disabled person and the living expenses necessary for those under the support of the disabled person; if death has resulted, the party responsible shall pay for the funeral expenses, compensation and the living expenses necessary for those supported by the dead.
If the defect of product causes losses in property of the victims, the party shall be responsible for restoring or compensating for it. If the victims sustain other major losses, the party responsible shall compensate for the losses.
| | 第四十四条 因产品存在缺陷造成受害人人身伤害的，侵害人应当赔偿医疗费、治疗期间的护理费、因误工减少的收入等费用；造成残疾的，还应当支付残疾者生活自助具费、生活补助费、残疾赔偿金以及由其扶养的人所必需的生活费等费用；造成受害人死亡的，并应当支付丧葬费、死亡赔偿金以及由死者生前扶养的人所必需的生活费等费用。
因产品存在缺陷造成受害人财产损失的，侵害人应当恢复原状或者折价赔偿。受害人因此遭受其他重大损失的，侵害人应当赔偿损失。
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Article 45. The validity period for claiming for compensation for damages due to defects of products is two years, starting from the date when the parties concerned is notified or should have known the matter.
The right of request for compensation claim for damages done due to defects of products shall lose effect after the tenth year after the products shall lose effect after the tenth year after the products with defects that cause damages was first delivered to the users or consumers. However, cases in which the specified safe use period has not been exceeded are exceptions.
| | 第四十五条 因产品存在缺陷造成损害要求赔偿的诉讼时效期间为二年，自当事人知道或者应当知道其权益受到损害时起计算。
因产品存在缺陷造成损害要求赔偿的请求权，在造成损害的缺陷产品交付最初消费者满十年丧失；但是，尚未超过明示的安全使用期的除外。
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Article 46. Defects mentioned in the law are referred to the irrational dangers existing in the products that threaten the safety of person or properties or products that do not conform to the standards set by the State or the specific trade if there is any.
| | 第四十六条 本法所称缺陷，是指产品存在危及人身、他人财产安全的不合理的危险；产品有保障人体健康和人身、财产安全的国家标准、行业标准的，是指不符合该标准。
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Article 47. If civil disputes occur from product quality, the parties concerned may settle their disputes through consultation or mediation. If any party concerned refuses to settle the disputes through consultation or mediation or consultation and mediation fail to settle the disputes, parties concerned may, according to their agreement, apply for arbitration with arbitration organizations. If the parties concerned fail to reach agreement on arbitration or if the arbitration becomes void, the cases may be brought before the people's courts.
| | 第四十七条 因产品质量发生民事纠纷时，当事人可以通过协商或者调解解决。当事人不愿通过协商、调解解决或者协商、调解不成的，可以根据当事人各方的协议向仲裁机构申请仲裁；当事人各方没有达成仲裁协议或者仲裁协议无效的，可以直接向人民法院起诉。
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Article 48. Arbitration organizations or the people's courts may entrust the product quality supervision and control organizations provided for in Article 11 of this law to test the quality of products concerned.
| | 第四十八条 仲裁机构或者人民法院可以委托本法第十九条规定的产品质量检验机构，对有关产品质量进行检验。
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CHAPTER FIVE Penalty Provisions
| | 第五章 罚则
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Article 49. An enterprise producing products that do not conform to the state standard or the specific trade standard for ensuring physical health and the safety of human body and property shall be ordered to stop production and sale; the products illegally produced and sold shall be confiscated; a fine less than three times the value of the products illegally produced or sold shall be imposed upon the producer or seller; where there are illegal proceeds, such proceeds shall be confiscated; if the circumstances are serious, the business license shall be revoked. If the case is serious enough to constitute a crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated.
| | 第四十九条 生产、销售不符合保障人体健康和人身、财产安全的国家标准、行业标准的产品的，责令停止生产、销售，没收违法生产、销售的产品，并处违法生产、销售产品（包括已售出和未售出的产品，下同）货值金额等值以上三倍以下的罚款；有违法所得的，并处没收违法所得；情节严重的，吊销营业执照；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
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Article 50. If a producer or a seller is found adulterating their products or posing fake ones as genuine, inferior ones as superior or sub-standard ones as standard, it shall be ordered to stop production or selling; the products illegally produced or sold shall be confiscated and a fine of more than 50% but less than three times the value of the products illegally produced or sold shall be imposed; where there are illegal proceeds, such proceeds shall be confiscated; if the circumstances are serious, the business license shall be revoked; if the case is serious enough to constitute a crime, criminal responsibilities shall be investigated.
| | 第五十条 在产品中掺杂、掺假，以假充真，以次充好，或者以不合格产品冒充合格产品的，责令停止生产、销售，没收违法生产、销售的产品，并处违法生产、销售产品货值金额百分之五十以上三倍以下的罚款；有违法所得的，并处没收违法所得；情节严重的，吊销营业执照；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
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Article 51. If an enterprise produces products clearly provided as being eliminated by the State, it shall be ordered to stop production and its products and illegal proceeds shall be confiscated and a fine amounting to over one time and less than five times the total amount of proceeds shall be imposed and, if necessary, the production license may be revoked.
| | 第五十一条 生产国家明令淘汰的产品的，销售国家明令淘汰并停止销售的产品的，责令停止生产、销售，没收违法生产、销售的产品，并处违法生产、销售产品货值金额等值以下的罚款；有违法所得的，并处没收违法所得；情节严重的，吊销营业执照。
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Article 52. Any person selling products that have lost effect or deteriorated shall be ordered to stop the selling and the products for sale shall be confiscated and be fined an amount of less than two times the value of the products for illegal sale; where any illegal proceeds have occurred, such proceeds shall be confiscated; if the circumstances are serious, the business license shall be revoked. if the case is serious enough to constitute a crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated.
| | 第五十二条 销售失效、变质的产品的，责令停止销售，没收违法销售的产品，并处违法销售产品货值金额二倍以下的罚款；有违法所得的，并处没收违法所得；情节严重的，吊销营业执照；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
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Article 53. If a producer or a seller is found to have fabricated the place of origin, fabricated or used without authorization the names and addresses of other producers, fabricated or used without authorization quality marks such as certification marks, it shall be ordered to make corrections and be fined an amount of not more than the total value of the products illegal produced or sold with the products illegally produced or sold being confiscated; if any illegal proceeds have occurred, such proceeds shall be confiscated; if the circumstances are serious, the business license shall be revoked.
| | 第五十三条 伪造产品产地的，伪造或者冒用他人厂名、厂址的，伪造或者冒用认证标志等质量标志的，责令改正，没收违法生产、销售的产品，并处违法生产、销售产品货值金额等值以下的罚款；有违法所得的，并处没收违法所得；情节严重的，吊销营业执照。
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Article 54. If the product marks of a producer do not conform to the provisions of Article 27 of this law, the producer shall be ordered to make corrections; If the product marks on the packages of products do not conform to the provisions of Article 27 (4) (5) and the case is serious enough, the producer or seller shall be ordered to stop the production or selling and be fined an amount of not more than 30% of the value of the products illegally produced or sold; if any illegal proceeds have occurred, such shall be confiscated.
| | 第五十四条 产品标识不符合本法第二十七条规定的，责令改正；有包装的产品标识不符合本法第二十七条第（四）项、第（五）项规定，情节严重的，责令停止生产、销售，并处违法生产、销售产品货值金额百分之三十以下的罚款；有违法所得的，并处没收违法所得。
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Article 55 If the seller that sells the products which are prohibited from selling as provided in articles 49 to 53 of this law have sufficient evidence to prove that he does not know that the products had been prohibited from selling and truthfully reveals the source of products, he may be punished in a lenient way or be given a lesser punishment.
| | 第五十五条 销售者销售本法第四十九条至第五十三条规定禁止销售的产品，有充分证据证明其不知道该产品为禁止销售的产品并如实说明其进货来源的，可以从轻或者减轻处罚。
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Article 56 Any person who rejects lawful product quality supervision and inspection shall be given a warning and be ordered to make corrections; if he refuses to make corrections, he shall be ordered to suspend business for rectifications; if the circumstances are extremely serious, the business license shall be revoked.
| | 第五十六条 拒绝接受依法进行的产品质量监督检查的，给予警告，责令改正；拒不改正的，责令停业整顿；情节特别严重的，吊销营业执照。
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Article 57. Any product quality test institution or certification institution fabricates inspection results or issues false certificates shall be ordered to make corrections, and a fine of not less than 50,000 yuan but not more than 100,000 yuan shall be imposed upon the institution while a fine of not less than 10,000 yuan but not more than 50,000 yuan be imposed upon the person-in-charge who is held to be directly responsible and other personnel who are held to be directly responsible; if any illegal proceeds have occurred, such proceeds shall be confiscated; if the circumstances are serious, the institution shall be disqualified for inspection and certification; if the case is so serious as to have constituted a crime, criminal liability shall be investigated.
Any product quality test institution or product quality certification institution that produces unreal results that has led to losses shall be held responsible for making compensations; if the losses are great, they may be disqualified for testing and certification.
Where any product quality certification institution violates the provisions of article 21 (2) of this law by failing to demanding those producers or sellers whose product does not come up to the requirements of certifications yet use certification marks on their products to make corrections or failing to revoke their qualifications for using certification marks shall undertake joint and several liabilities with the producers or sellers of the products; if the circumstances are serious, they shall be disqualified for certification.
| | 第五十七条 产品质量检验机构、认证机构伪造检验结果或者出具虚假证明的，责令改正，对单位处五万元以上十万元以下的罚款，对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员处一万元以上五万元以下的罚款；有违法所得的，并处没收违法所得；情节严重的，取消其检验资格、认证资格；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
产品质量检验机构、认证机构出具的检验结果或者证明不实，造成损失的，应当承担相应的赔偿责任；造成重大损失的，撤销其检验资格、认证资格。
产品质量认证机构违反本法第二十一条第二款的规定，对不符合认证标准而使用认证标志的产品，未依法要求其改正或者取消其使用认证标志资格的，对因产品不符合认证标准给消费者造成的损失，与产品的生产者、销售者承担连带责任；情节严重的，撤销其认证资格。
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Article 58 Where public organizations or public intermediary organizations makes promises or warranties concerning the quality of a product which, however, does not meet the requirements for such promises or warranties and which causes losses to consumers, they shall take several and joint liabilities with the producers and sellers.
| | 第五十八条 社会团体、社会中介机构对产品质量作出承诺、保证，而该产品又不符合其承诺、保证的质量要求，给消费者造成损失的，与产品的生产者、销售者承担连带责任。
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Article 59 If the producer or seller falsely publicizes the quality of a product in advertisements so that consumers are cheated or mislead, he shall take legal liabilities according to the Advertising Law of the People's Republic of China.
| | 第五十九条 在广告中对产品质量作虚假宣传，欺骗和误导消费者的，依照《中华人民共和国广告法》的规定追究法律责任。
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Article 60 The subsidiary materials, packages, tools used by produced for producing those products as mentioned in articles 49 and 51 of this law or for producing inferior products in the name of superior products shall be confiscated.
| | 第六十条 对生产者专门用于生产本法第四十九条、第五十一条所列的产品或者以假充真的产品的原辅材料、包装物、生产工具，应当予以没收。
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Article 61 If any one clearly knows or should have known that a product is prohibited from production and selling by this law but still facilitates the transportation, safekeeping, storage, etc. or supplies the production technique for producing inferior products in the name of superior ones, all the proceeds incurred from the transportation, safekeeping, storage or supply of production techniques for producing inferior products in the name of superior ones shall be confiscated and be fined an amount of not less than 50% but not more than 3 times of the illegal proceeds; if the case is so serious as to have constituted a crime, criminal liabilities shall be investigated.
| | 第六十一条 知道或者应当知道属于本法规定禁止生产、销售的产品而为其提供运输、保管、仓储等便利条件的，或者为以假充真的产品提供制假生产技术的，没收全部运输、保管、仓储或者提供制假生产技术的收入，并处违法收入百分之五十以上三倍以下的罚款；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
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Article 62 Where any business operator of the services industry uses any of the products which are prohibited by articles 49 to 52 of this law from selling into management services shall be ordered to stop using; if he clearly knows or should have known that the products he is using is prohibited from using by this law, he shall be punished in the same way as a seller considering the amount of the total value of the products used (including those already used and those not yet used).
| | 第六十二条 服务业的经营者将本法第四十九条至第五十二条规定禁止销售的产品用于经营性服务的，责令停止使用；对知道或者应当知道所使用的产品属于本法规定禁止销售的产品的，按照违法使用的产品（包括已使用和尚未使用的产品）的货值金额，依照本法对销售者的处罚规定处罚。
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Article 63 Any one who conceals, transfers, sells out or damages any of the things sealed up or detained by product quality supervision administrations or administrations for industry and commerce shall be fined an amount of not more than three time the value of the things concealed, transferred, sold out or damaged; if any illegal proceeds have occurred, such proceeds shall be confiscated.
| | 第六十三条 隐匿、转移、变卖、损毁被产品质量监督部门或者工商行政管理部门查封、扣押的物品的，处被隐匿、转移、变卖、损毁物品货值金额等值以上三倍以下的罚款；有违法所得的，并处没收违法所得。
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Article 64 Any one who is held to make compensations and to pay a fine or forfeiture due to violation of this law but cannot afford to pay at the same time shall make compensations first.
| | 第六十四条 违反本法规定，应当承担民事赔偿责任和缴纳罚款、罚金，其财产不足以同时支付时，先承担民事赔偿责任。
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Article 65. Where any of the staff member of the people's government at various levels or other state organs commits any of the acts as mentioned below shall be given an administrative punishment; if he has committed a crime, criminal liability shall be investigated:
| | 第六十五条 各级人民政府工作人员和其他国家机关工作人员有下列情形之一的，依法给予行政处分；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任：
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a.covers up or gives loose to any of the acts violating this law in the process of production or selling;
| | （一）包庇、放纵产品生产、销售中违反本法规定行为的；
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b.divulges secret information to any of the parties involved in the production or selling activities as against this law so as to help him escape from investigation;
| | （二）向从事违反本法规定的生产、销售活动的当事人通风报信，帮助其逃避查处的；
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c.disturbs or interferes with the investigation conducted by product quality supervision administrations or administrations for industry and commerce about the acts violating this law in the process of production or selling and thus causing serious consequences.
| | （三）阻挠、干预产品质量监督部门或者工商行政管理部门依法对产品生产、销售中违反本法规定的行为进行查处，造成严重后果的。
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Article 66 If, in the process of product quality supervision by random tests, any product quality supervision administration demands more samples than lawfully stipulated or collects test fees from the parties concerned shall be ordered by the product quality supervision administration or oversight departments on a higher level to return them; if the circumstances are serious, the person-in-charge who is directly responsible and other personnel who are held to be directly responsible shall be given administrative punishments.
| | 第六十六条 产品质量监督部门在产品质量监督抽查中超过规定的数量索取样品或者向被检查人收取检验费用的，由上级产品质量监督部门或者监察机关责令退还；情节严重的，对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员依法给予行政处分。
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Article 67 Where any product supervision administration or other state organ violates the provisions of article 25 of this law by recommending to the public any of the producer's products or is engaged in the product management by way of supervising the production or selling, it shall be ordered by the administration or oversight department on a higher level to make corrections and clears up ill effects; if any illegal proceeds have occurred, such proceeds shall be confiscated; if the circumstances are serious, the person-in-charge who is directly responsible and other personnel who are held to be directly responsible shall be given an administrative punishment.
Any product quality test institution that has committed any of the illegal acts as mentioned in the previous paragraph shall be ordered by the product quality supervision administration to make corrections and clear up ill effects; if any illegal proceeds have occurred, such proceeds shall be confiscated together with a fine of not more than double the illegal proceeds; if the circumstances are serious, it shall be disqualified for quality inspection.
| | 第六十七条 产品质量监督部门或者其他国家机关违反本法第二十五条的规定，向社会推荐生产者的产品或者以监制、监销等方式参与产品经营活动的，由其上级机关或者监察机关责令改正，消除影响，有违法收入的予以没收；情节严重的，对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员依法给予行政处分。
产品质量检验机构有前款所列违法行为的，由产品质量监督部门责令改正，消除影响，有违法收入的予以没收，可以并处违法收入一倍以下的罚款；情节严重的，撤销其质量检验资格。
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Article 68. If a government official engaging in product quality supervision and control is found to have abused his/her power or neglected his/her duties or sought personal gains and the case is serious enough to constitute a crime, criminal responsibility shall be affixed. If the case does not constitute a crime, administrative penalties shall be meted out.
| | 第六十八条 产品质量监督部门或者工商行政管理部门的工作人员滥用职权、玩忽职守、徇私舞弊，构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任；尚不构成犯罪的，依法给予行政处分。
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Article 69 Any one who hinders by means of force or threat the personnel of the product quality supervision administrations or the administrations for industry and commerce from performing their duties according to law shall take criminal liabilities; any one who refuses to accept or hinders the performance of duties by means other than violence and threat shall be penalized by the public security organs according to the relevant provisions of the Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Punishments in Public Order and Security Administration.
| | 第六十九条 以暴力、威胁方法阻碍产品质量监督部门或者工商行政管理部门的工作人员依法执行职务的，依法追究刑事责任；拒绝、阻碍未使用暴力、威胁方法的，由公安机关依照治安管理处罚条例的规定处罚。
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Article 70 The administrative punishment of revoking business licenses as provided in this law shall be subject to the decision of the administrations for industry and commerce. The administrative punishments as provided in articles 49 to 57, 60 to 63 of this law shall be subject to the decisions of the product quality supervision administrations or the administrations for industry and commerce within their respective functions determined by the State Council. Where there are different provisions in laws or regulations on exercising the power of giving administrative punishments, such provisions shall be applied.
| | 第七十条 本法规定的吊销营业执照的行政处罚由工商行政管理部门决定，本法第四十九条至第五十七条、第六十条至第六十三条规定的行政处罚由产品质量监督部门或者工商行政管理部门按照国务院规定的职权范围决定。法律、行政法规对行使行政处罚权的机关另有规定的，依照有关法律、行政法规的规定执行。
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Article 71 Products that have been confiscated in accordance with this law shall be destroyed or burned in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state or be disposed of by other means.
| | 第七十一条 对依照本法规定没收的产品，依照国家有关规定进行销毁或者采取其他方式处理。
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Article 72 The value of products as mentioned in articles 49 to 54, 62 and 63 shall be calculated on the basis of the marked price of the products illegally produced or sold; where there are no marked prices, it shall be calculated according to the market prices of the similar products.
| | 第七十二条 本法第四十九条至第五十四条、第六十二条、第六十三条所规定的货值金额以违法生产、销售产品的标价计算；没有标价的，按照同类产品的市场价格计算。
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CHAPTER SIX Supplementary Provisions
| | 第六章 附则
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Article 73. The provisions on the supervision and control of the quality of military products shall be formulated separately by the State Council and the Central Military Commission.
If there are different provisions in laws or administrative regulations concerning the compensation of losses caused by nuclear establishments or products, such provisions shall be applied.
| | 第七十三条 军工产品质量监督管理办法，由国务院、中央军事委员会另行制定。
因核设施、核产品造成损害的赔偿责任，法律、行政法规另有规定的，依照其规定。
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| Article 74. This law shall come into effect as of September 1, 1993. | | 第七十四条 本法自１９９３年９月１日起施行。
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