| | |
| Order of President of the People's Republic of China | | 中华人民共和国主席令 |
| (No.102) | | （第一〇二号） |
| The Wetlands Conservation Law of the People's Republic of China, as adopted at the 32nd Session of the Standing Committee of the Thirteenth National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on December 24, 2021, is hereby issued and shall come into force on June 1, 2022. | | 《中华人民共和国湿地保护法》已由中华人民共和国第十三届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第三十二次会议于2021年12月24日通过，现予公布，自2022年6月1日起施行。 |
| Xi Jinping, President of the People's Republic of China | | 中华人民共和国主席 习近平 |
| December 24, 2021 | | 2021年12月24日 |
| Wetlands Conservation Law of the People's Republic of China | | 中华人民共和国湿地保护法 |
| (Adopted at the 32nd Session of the Standing Committee of the Thirteenth National People's Congress on December 24, 2021) | | （2021年12月24日第十三届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第三十二次会议通过） |
| Table of Contents | | 目 录 |
| Chapter I General Provisions | | 第一章 总 则 |
| Chapter II Wetlands Resources Management | | 第二章 湿地资源管理 |
| Chapter III Wetlands Protection and Utilization | | 第三章 湿地保护与利用 |
| Chapter IV Wetland Restoration | | 第四章 湿地修复 |
| Chapter V Supervision and Examination | | 第五章 监督检查 |
| Chapter VI Legal Liabilities | | 第六章 法律责任 |
| Chapter VII Supplemental Provisions | | 第七章 附 则 |
| Chapter I General Provisions | | 第一章 总 则 |
| Article 1 This Law is developed for the purposes of strengthening wetlands protection, maintaining the ecological function and biodiversity of wetlands, ensuring ecological security, and promoting ecological progress, and realizing harmonious coexistence between man and nature. | | 第一条 为了加强湿地保护，维护湿地生态功能及生物多样性，保障生态安全，促进生态文明建设，实现人与自然和谐共生，制定本法。 |
| Article 2 This Law shall apply to wetlands protection, utilization, restoration, and related management activities within the territory of the People's Republic of China and other sea areas under its jurisdiction. | | 第二条 在中华人民共和国领域及管辖的其他海域内从事湿地保护、利用、修复及相关管理活动，适用本法。 |
| For the purposes of this Law, the term "wetlands” means natural or artificial, perennial or seasonal waterlogged areas with obvious ecological functions, including sea areas with a water depth of no more than six meters at low tide, except paddy fields and artificial waters and mudflats used for aquaculture. The state shall implement a hierarchical administration and cataloging system for wetlands. | | 本法所称湿地，是指具有显著生态功能的自然或者人工的、常年或者季节性积水地带、水域，包括低潮时水深不超过六米的海域，但是水田以及用于养殖的人工的水域和滩涂除外。国家对湿地实行分级管理及名录制度。 |
| Wetlands protection, utilization, and related management activities for rivers, lakes and sea areas shall also be governed by the Water Law of the People's Republic of China, the Law of the People's Republic of China on Flood Control, the Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law of the People's Republic of China, the Marine Environment Protection Law of the People's Republic of China, the Yangtze River Protection Law of the People's Republic of China, the Fisheries Law of the People's Republic of China, the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Administration of Sea Areas, and other relevant laws. | | 江河、湖泊、海域等的湿地保护、利用及相关管理活动还应当适用《中华人民共和国水法》、《中华人民共和国防洪法》、《中华人民共和国水污染防治法》、《中华人民共和国海洋环境保护法》、《中华人民共和国长江保护法》、《中华人民共和国渔业法》、《中华人民共和国海域使用管理法》等有关法律的规定。 |
| Article 3 For wetlands protection, the principle of putting the protection first and conducting strict management, systematic governance, scientific restoration, and rational utilization shall be upheld, and the ecological functions of wetlands, such as water conservation, climate regulation, environmental improvement and biodiversity maintenance, shall be used. | | 第三条 湿地保护应当坚持保护优先、严格管理、系统治理、科学修复、合理利用的原则，发挥湿地涵养水源、调节气候、改善环境、维护生物多样性等多种生态功能。 |
| Article 4 The people's government at or above the county level shall include wetlands protection in the national economic and social development plan, and budget the funds needed for wetlands protection under the principle of the division of financial powers. | | 第四条 县级以上人民政府应当将湿地保护纳入国民经济和社会发展规划，并将开展湿地保护工作所需经费按照事权划分原则列入预算。 |
| The local people's government at or above the county level shall be responsible for wetlands protection within its administrative regions, and take measures to keep wetland area stable and enhance the ecological functions of wetlands. | | 县级以上地方人民政府对本行政区域内的湿地保护负责，采取措施保持湿地面积稳定，提升湿地生态功能。 |
| The township people's government shall organize the general public in effectively conducting wetlands protection, and villagers' committees provide assistance. | | 乡镇人民政府组织群众做好湿地保护相关工作，村民委员会予以协助。 |
| Article 5 The forestry and grassland department under the State Council shall be responsible for the supervision and administration of wetlands resources, the formulation of wetlands protection plans and relevant national standards, the supervision and administration of wetlands development and utilization, and the ecological protection and restoration of wetlands. The departments of natural resources, water administration, housing and urban-rural development, ecology and environment, and agriculture and rural affairs under the State Council shall, according to the division of duties, undertake the protection, restoration, and management of wetlands. | | 第五条 国务院林业草原主管部门负责湿地资源的监督管理，负责湿地保护规划和相关国家标准拟定、湿地开发利用的监督管理、湿地生态保护修复工作。国务院自然资源、水行政、住房城乡建设、生态环境、农业农村等其他有关部门，按照职责分工承担湿地保护、修复、管理有关工作。 |
| The forestry and grassland department under the State Council shall, in conjunction with the departments of natural resources, water administration, housing and urban-rural development, ecology and environment, and agriculture and rural affairs under the State Council, establish a cooperation and notification mechanism for wetlands protection. | | 国务院林业草原主管部门会同国务院自然资源、水行政、住房城乡建设、生态环境、农业农村等主管部门建立湿地保护协作和信息通报机制。 |
| Article 6 The local people's government at or above the county level shall strengthen the coordination of wetlands protection. The relevant department of the local people's government at or above the county level shall be responsible for wetlands protection, restoration, and management according to the division of duties. | | 第六条 县级以上地方人民政府应当加强湿地保护协调工作。县级以上地方人民政府有关部门按照职责分工负责湿地保护、修复、管理有关工作。 |
| Article 7 People's governments at all levels shall strengthen the publicity and education on wetlands protection and the popularization of scientific knowledge, carrying out publicity and education activities through the Wetlands Protection Day and Wetlands Protection Promotion Week, so as to enhance the public awareness of wetlands protection. The grass-roots self-governing mass organizations, social organizations, and volunteers shall be encouraged to carry out the publicity activities of wetlands protection laws and regulations and knowledge of wetlands protection, thus creating a good atmosphere for protecting wetlands. | | 第七条 各级人民政府应当加强湿地保护宣传教育和科学知识普及工作，通过湿地保护日、湿地保护宣传周等开展宣传教育活动，增强全社会湿地保护意识；鼓励基层群众性自治组织、社会组织、志愿者开展湿地保护法律法规和湿地保护知识宣传活动，营造保护湿地的良好氛围。 |
| The education departments and schools shall pay attention to cultivating students' awareness of wetlands protection in their educational and teaching activities. | | 教育主管部门、学校应当在教育教学活动中注重培养学生的湿地保护意识。 |
| The news media shall carry out public welfare publicity of wetlands protection laws and regulations and knowledge of wetlands protection, and supervise the acts of destroying wetlands by public opinion. | | 新闻媒体应当开展湿地保护法律法规和湿地保护知识的公益宣传，对破坏湿地的行为进行舆论监督。 |
| Article 8 The state shall encourage entities and individuals to legally participate in wetlands protection activities through donations, financial support and voluntary services. | | 第八条 国家鼓励单位和个人依法通过捐赠、资助、志愿服务等方式参与湿地保护活动。 |
| Any entity or individual who has made outstanding achievements in wetlands protection shall be commended and awarded in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state. | | 对在湿地保护方面成绩显著的单位和个人，按照国家有关规定给予表彰、奖励。 |
| Article 9 The state shall support the research, development, application and popularization of science and technology for wetlands protection, strengthen the training of professional and technical personnel engaging in wetlands protection, and improve the science and technology for wetlands protection. | | 第九条 国家支持开展湿地保护科学技术研究开发和应用推广，加强湿地保护专业技术人才培养，提高湿地保护科学技术水平。 |
| Article 10 The state shall support international cooperation and exchanges in wetlands protection science and technology, biodiversity, and bird migration. | | 第十条 国家支持开展湿地保护科学技术、生物多样性、候鸟迁徙等方面的国际合作与交流。 |
| Article 11 Any entity or individual shall have an obligation to protect wetlands, and have the right to report or accuse of the destruction of wetlands. The authority that receives the report or accusation shall deal with it in a timely manner, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of the reporting party or accuser according to law. | | 第十一条 任何单位和个人都有保护湿地的义务，对破坏湿地的行为有权举报或者控告，接到举报或者控告的机关应当及时处理，并依法保护举报人、控告人的合法权益。 |
| Chapter II Wetlands Resources Management | | 第二章 湿地资源管理 |
| Article 12 The state shall establish an investigation and evaluation system for wetlands resources. | | 第十二条 国家建立湿地资源调查评价制度。 |
| The department of natural resources under the State Council shall, in conjunction with the forestry and grassland and other relevant departments under the State Council, regularly carry out an investigation and evaluation of wetlands resources nationwide, investigate the types, distribution, area, biodiversity, protection and utilization of wetlands, and establish a unified information publishing and sharing mechanism. | | 国务院自然资源主管部门应当会同国务院林业草原等有关部门定期开展全国湿地资源调查评价工作，对湿地类型、分布、面积、生物多样性、保护与利用情况等进行调查，建立统一的信息发布和共享机制。 |
| Article 13 The state shall implement a system of setting a cap for wetland area, and include the cap for wetland area in the target responsibility system of wetlands protection. | | 第十三条 国家实行湿地面积总量管控制度，将湿地面积总量管控目标纳入湿地保护目标责任制。 |
| The departments of forestry, grassland, and natural resources under the State Council shall, together with relevant departments under the State Council, determine the cap for wetland area of the whole country and of each province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government according to the status and natural variation of wetlands resources nationwide and the requirements for capping wetland area, before reporting them to the State Council for approval. Local people's governments at all levels shall take effective measures to implement the requirements for capping wetland area. | | 国务院林业草原、自然资源主管部门会同国务院有关部门根据全国湿地资源状况、自然变化情况和湿地面积总量管控要求，确定全国和各省、自治区、直辖市湿地面积总量管控目标，报国务院批准。地方各级人民政府应当采取有效措施，落实湿地面积总量管控目标的要求。 |
| Article 14 The state shall implement hierarchical management of wetlands, and divide wetlands into important wetlands and general wetlands according to ecological niches, area, and the importance of maintaining ecological functions and biodiversity. Important wetlands shall include wetlands of national importance and provincial-level important wetlands, and wetlands other than important wetlands shall be general wetlands. Important wetlands shall be within the red line for ecological protection according to law. | | 第十四条 国家对湿地实行分级管理，按照生态区位、面积以及维护生态功能、生物多样性的重要程度，将湿地分为重要湿地和一般湿地。重要湿地包括国家重要湿地和省级重要湿地，重要湿地以外的湿地为一般湿地。重要湿地依法划入生态保护红线。 |
| The forestry and grassland department under the State Council shall, together with the relevant departments of natural resources, water administration, housing and urban-rural development, ecology and environment, and agriculture and rural affairs under the State Council, publish the list and scope of wetlands of national importance, and post protection signs. Internationally important wetlands shall be included in the list of wetlands of national importance. | | 国务院林业草原主管部门会同国务院自然资源、水行政、住房城乡建设、生态环境、农业农村等有关部门发布国家重要湿地名录及范围，并设立保护标志。国际重要湿地应当列入国家重要湿地名录。 |
| The people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government or their authorized departments shall be responsible for publishing the list and scope of provincial-level important wetlands and filing it with the forestry and grassland department under the State Council. | | 省、自治区、直辖市人民政府或者其授权的部门负责发布省级重要湿地名录及范围，并向国务院林业草原主管部门备案。 |
| The list and scope of general wetlands shall be issued by the local people's government at or above the county level or its authorized department. | | 一般湿地的名录及范围由县级以上地方人民政府或者其授权的部门发布。 |
| Article 15 The forestry and grassland department under the State Council shall, in conjunction with relevant departments under the State Council, prepare the national plan for wetlands protection according to the national economic and social development plan, the territorial spatial plan, and the ecological and environmental protection plan, and submit it to the State Council or its authorized department for approval before organizing the implementation thereof. | | 第十五条 国务院林业草原主管部门应当会同国务院有关部门，依据国民经济和社会发展规划、国土空间规划和生态环境保护规划编制全国湿地保护规划，报国务院或者其授权的部门批准后组织实施。 |
| The forestry and grassland department of the local people's government at or above county level shall, in conjunction with relevant departments, prepare the wetlands protection plan for its own administrative region according to the territorial spatial plan at the corresponding level and the wetlands protection plan at the next higher level, and report to the people's government at the same level for approval before organizing the implementation thereof. | | 县级以上地方人民政府林业草原主管部门应当会同有关部门，依据本级国土空间规划和上一级湿地保护规划编制本行政区域内的湿地保护规划，报同级人民政府批准后组织实施。 |
| The wetlands protection plan shall clarify the objectives and tasks of wetlands protection, the overall layout, protection and restoration priorities, and supporting measures. If the approved wetlands protection plan needs to be adjusted, the formalities shall be undergone according to the original approval procedures. | | 湿地保护规划应当明确湿地保护的目标任务、总体布局、保护修复重点和保障措施等内容。经批准的湿地保护规划需要调整的，按照原批准程序办理。 |
| The preparation of wetlands protection plans shall be connected with the comprehensive plan for river basins and the flood control plan. | | 编制湿地保护规划应当与流域综合规划、防洪规划等规划相衔接。 |
| Article 16 The departments of forestry, grassland and standardization under the State Council shall, together with the departments of natural resources, water administration, housing and urban-rural development, ecology and environment, and agriculture and rural affairs under the State Council, organize the development of national standards for wetlands classification, monitoring and early warning, and ecological restoration; If there is no provision in the national standards, local standards may be developed and placed on record according to law. | | 第十六条 国务院林业草原、标准化主管部门会同国务院自然资源、水行政、住房城乡建设、生态环境、农业农村主管部门组织制定湿地分级分类、监测预警、生态修复等国家标准；国家标准未作规定的，可以依法制定地方标准并备案。 |
| Article 17 The forestry and grassland department of the people's government at or above the county level shall establish an expert consultation mechanism for wetlands protection, and provide evaluation and demonstration services for preparing wetlands protection plans, formulating the list of wetlands and developing relevant standards. | | 第十七条 县级以上人民政府林业草原主管部门建立湿地保护专家咨询机制，为编制湿地保护规划、制定湿地名录、制定相关标准等提供评估论证等服务。 |
| Article 18 Where the registration of natural resources ownership involves wetlands, the geographical coordinates, spatial scope, type, area and other information of wetlands shall be recorded in accordance with provisions. | | 第十八条 办理自然资源权属登记涉及湿地的，应当按照规定记载湿地的地理坐标、空间范围、类型、面积等信息。 |
| Article 19 The state shall strictly control the occupation of wetlands. | | 第十九条 国家严格控制占用湿地。 |
| It is forbidden to occupy wetlands of national importance, except for major national projects, disaster prevention and mitigation projects, important water conservancy and protection facilities projects and wetlands protection projects. | | 禁止占用国家重要湿地，国家重大项目、防灾减灾项目、重要水利及保护设施项目、湿地保护项目等除外。 |
| For site or route selection of a construction project, wetlands shall be avoided; if they cannot be avoided, the occupation shall be reduced as much as possible, and necessary measures shall be taken to reduce the adverse impact on the ecological functions of the wetlands. | | 建设项目选址、选线应当避让湿地，无法避让的应当尽量减少占用，并采取必要措施减轻对湿地生态功能的不利影响。 |
| Where wetlands of national importance are involved at the time of approving and confirming the site or route selection of a construction project, the opinions of the forestry and grassland department under the State Council shall be solicited; where provincial-level important wetlands or general wetlands are involved, the opinions of the department authorized by the local people's government at or above the county level shall be solicited in accordance with the management authority. | | 建设项目规划选址、选线审批或者核准时，涉及国家重要湿地的，应当征求国务院林业草原主管部门的意见；涉及省级重要湿地或者一般湿地的，应当按照管理权限，征求县级以上地方人民政府授权的部门的意见。 |
| Article 20 If a construction project really needs to temporarily occupy wetlands, it shall be handled in accordance with the Land Administration Law of the People's Republic of China, the Water Law of the People's Republic of China, the Forest Law of the People's Republic of China, the Grassland Law of the People's Republic of China, the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Administration of Sea Areas, and other relevant laws and regulations. Typically, the temporary occupation of wetlands shall not exceed two years, and no permanent structure shall be built on temporarily occupied wetlands. | | 第二十条 建设项目确需临时占用湿地的，应当依照《中华人民共和国土地管理法》、《中华人民共和国水法》、《中华人民共和国森林法》、《中华人民共和国草原法》、《中华人民共和国海域使用管理法》等有关法律法规的规定办理。临时占用湿地的期限一般不得超过二年，并不得在临时占用的湿地上修建永久性建筑物。 |
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