| | |
| Order of the State Council of the People's Republic of China | | 中华人民共和国国务院令 |
| (No. 822) | | （第822号） |
| The Regulation on Forest and Grassland Fire Prevention and Fighting, as adopted at the 71st executive meeting of the State Council on October 31, 2025, are hereby issued with effect on January 1, 2026. | | 《森林草原防灭火条例》已经2025年10月31日国务院第71次常务会议通过，现予公布，自2026年1月1日起施行。 |
| Premier: Li Qiang | | 总理 李强 |
| November 16, 2025 | | 2025年11月16日 |
| Regulation on Forest and Grassland Fire Prevention and Fighting | | 森林草原防灭火条例 |
| Chapter I General Provisions | | 第一章 总 则 |
| Article 1 This Regulation is developed for the purposes of effectively preventing and fighting forest and grassland fires, safeguarding the safety of the people's lives and property, protecting forest and grassland resources, and safeguarding ecological security. | | 第一条 为了有效预防和扑救森林草原火灾，保障人民生命财产安全，保护森林草原资源，维护生态安全，制定本条例。 |
| Article 2 This Regulation shall apply to the prevention, fighting, and post-disaster handling of forest and grassland fires within the territory of the People's Republic of China. Forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting in urban areas shall be carried out in accordance with the relevant rules issued by the state. | | 第二条 本条例适用于中华人民共和国境内森林草原火灾的预防、扑救和灾后处置。城市市区的森林草原防灭火工作按照国家有关规定执行。 |
| Article 3 In the forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting work, the lines, principles, policies, decisions, and arrangements of the CPC and the state shall be implemented. | | 第三条 森林草原防灭火工作应当贯彻党和国家路线方针政策、决策部署。 |
| Forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting work shall adhere to the working guidelines of prevention first, active elimination, putting life first, and safety first and the principles of coordinated joint action, hierarchical responsibilities, territorial jurisdiction first, scientific firefighting, rapid response, and safety and efficiency. | | 森林草原防灭火工作应当坚持预防为主、积极消灭、生命至上、安全第一的工作方针，坚持协调联动、分级负责、属地为主、科学扑救、快速反应、安全高效的原则。 |
| Article 4 The national headquarters of forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting shall be responsible for organizing, coordinating, guiding, and supervising the forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting work nationwide, and the daily work shall be undertaken by the emergency management department of the State Council. | | 第四条 国家森林草原防灭火指挥部负责组织、协调、指导、督促全国森林草原防灭火工作，日常工作由国务院应急管理部门承担。 |
| The forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting command institution (mechanism) established by the local people's government at or above the county level based on actual needs shall be responsible for organizing, coordinating, guiding, and supervising the forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting work within its administrative region, and the daily work shall be undertaken by the emergency management department of the people's government at the same level. | | 县级以上地方人民政府根据实际需要建立的森林草原防灭火指挥机构（机制），负责组织、协调、指导、督促本行政区域的森林草原防灭火工作，日常工作由本级人民政府应急管理部门承担。 |
| Article 5 The people's government at or above the county level shall organize and lead the departments of emergency management, forestry and grassland, public security, and fire rescue, and other departments to closely cooperate in effectively conducting the forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting work according to their respective duties. | | 第五条 县级以上人民政府组织领导应急管理、林业草原、公安、消防救援等部门按照职责分工密切配合做好森林草原防灭火工作。 |
| Other relevant departments of the people's government at or above the county level shall be responsible for the corresponding forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting work according to their respective duties. | | 县级以上人民政府其他有关部门按照职责分工，负责相应的森林草原防灭火工作。 |
| Article 6 Local people's governments at all levels shall be responsible for the forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting work within their respective administrative regions, and the administrative chief responsibility system of local people's governments shall be implemented. | | 第六条 地方各级人民政府负责本行政区域的森林草原防灭火工作，实行地方人民政府行政首长负责制。 |
| Article 7 Where the forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting work involves two or more administrative regions, the relevant local people's governments shall determine the joint prevention and fighting areas, develop joint prevention and fighting rules, and establish joint prevention and fighting mechanisms. | | 第七条 森林草原防灭火工作涉及两个以上行政区域的，有关地方人民政府应当确定联防区域，制定联防制度，建立联防机制。 |
| Article 8 The local people's government at or above the county level shall incorporate the construction of forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting infrastructure into relevant national economic and social development plans and include the funds for forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting in their respective budgets. | | 第八条 县级以上地方人民政府应当将森林草原防灭火基础设施建设纳入国民经济和社会发展有关规划，将森林草原防灭火经费纳入本级预算。 |
| Article 9 The state encourages and supports scientific research, technological innovation, and equipment research and development for forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting, strengthens the training of talents for forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting, promotes and applies advanced science and technology and equipment, develops and improves standards for forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting, and enhances the levels of science and technology, equipment, standardization and monitoring and early warning capabilities in forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting. | | 第九条 国家鼓励和支持森林草原防灭火科学研究、技术创新和装备研发，加强森林草原防灭火人才培养，推广和应用先进的科学技术、装备，制定和完善森林草原防灭火标准，提高森林草原防灭火科技、装备、标准化水平和监测预警能力。 |
| Article 10 The relevant departments of the State Council and local people's governments at and above the county level shall enhance the level of development of information systems and intelligence level of the forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting work, integrate and improve the systems for fire monitoring and early warning, prevention and management, command and communication, among others, and achieve information sharing and interconnection through the in-depth application of information technology. | | 第十条 国务院有关部门和县级以上地方人民政府应当提升森林草原防灭火工作信息化、智能化水平，整合、完善火灾监测预警、预防管理、指挥通信等系统，通过信息技术深度应用，实现信息共享、互联互通。 |
| Article 11 People's governments at all levels and their relevant departments shall strengthen publicity and education on forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting, organize regular publicity activities on forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting, popularize knowledge on forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting, enhance citizens' awareness of forest and grassland fire prevention and safety, and create a good social atmosphere for the forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting work. | | 第十一条 各级人民政府及其有关部门应当加强森林草原防灭火宣传教育，组织经常性的森林草原防灭火宣传活动，普及森林草原防灭火知识，提高公民的森林草原防火意识和安全意识，为森林草原防灭火工作营造良好社会氛围。 |
| Article 12 The state encourages the dispersion of forest and grassland fire hazards through insurance and other forms to enhance disaster prevention and mitigation capabilities and post-disaster recovery and reconstruction capabilities of forestry and grassland. | | 第十二条 国家鼓励通过保险等形式分散森林草原火灾风险，提高林业和草原防灾减灾能力和灾后恢复重建能力。 |
| Article 13 Entities and individuals who have made outstanding contributions to the forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting work shall be commended and rewarded in accordance with relevant rules issued by the state. | | 第十三条 对在森林草原防灭火工作中作出突出贡献的单位和个人，按照国家有关规定给予表彰和奖励。 |
| Chapter II Prevention of Forest and Grassland Fires | | 第二章 森林草原火灾的预防 |
| Article 14 The department of forestry and grassland of the State Council shall develop standards for determining the grades of forest and grassland fire hazard zones. The department of forestry and grassland of the provincial people's government shall, according to the standards for determining the grades of forest and grassland fire hazard zones, determine the grades of forest and grassland fire hazard zones in its administrative region at the county level, file them with the forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting command institution (mechanism) at the same level and the forestry and grassland administrative department of the State Council, and promptly announce them to the public. | | 第十四条 国务院林业草原主管部门应当制定森林草原火险区划等级标准。省级人民政府林业草原主管部门应当按照森林草原火险区划等级标准，以县为单位确定本行政区域的森林草原火险区划等级，报本级森林草原防灭火指挥机构（机制）和国务院林业草原主管部门备案，并及时向社会公布。 |
| Article 15 The department of forestry and grassland of the State Council shall, in conjunction with the emergency management department of the State Council and other relevant departments, on the basis of fully coordinating with relevant plans, make a national forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting plan according to the grades of national forest and grassland fire hazard zones nationwide and actual work needs, and organize the implementation of the plan after approval by the State Council or the department authorized by the State Council. | | 第十五条 国务院林业草原主管部门会同国务院应急管理部门等有关部门，在充分衔接相关规划的基础上，根据全国森林草原火险区划等级和实际工作需要，编制全国森林草原火灾防治方案，报国务院或者国务院授权的部门批准后组织实施。 |
| The department of forestry and grassland of the local people's government at or above the county level shall, in conjunction with the emergency management department and other relevant departments at the same level, make the forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting plan for its administrative region in accordance with the national forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting plan and in light of actual local conditions, and organize the implementation of the plan after approval by the people's government at the same level. | | 县级以上地方人民政府林业草原主管部门会同同级应急管理部门等有关部门，根据全国森林草原火灾防治方案，结合本地实际，编制本行政区域的森林草原火灾防治方案，报本级人民政府批准后组织实施。 |
| Article 16 The emergency management department of the State Council shall, in conjunction with the department of forestry and grassland of the State Council and other relevant departments, make the national plan for emergency response to forest and grassland fires in accordance with relevant provisions and submit it to the State Council for approval. | | 第十六条 国务院应急管理部门会同国务院林业草原主管部门等有关部门按照有关规定编制国家森林草原火灾应急预案，报国务院批准。 |
| The emergency management department of the local people's government at or above the county level shall, in conjunction with the department of forestry and grassland and other relevant departments at the same level, make the plan for emergency response to forest and grassland fires according to relevant provisions, submit the plan to the people's government at the same level for approval, and file the plan with the emergency management department of the people's government at the next higher level for recordation. | | 县级以上地方人民政府应急管理部门会同同级林业草原主管部门等有关部门按照有关规定编制森林草原火灾应急预案，报本级人民政府批准，并报上一级人民政府应急管理部门备案。 |
| The people's government at the county level shall organize township people's governments and sub-district offices to make plans for emergency response to forest and grassland fires in accordance with the plans for emergency response to forest and grassland fires. Urban residents' committees and villagers' committees shall, in accordance with the provisions of contingency plans for forest and grassland fires and plans for emergency response to forest and grassland fires, assist in effectively conducting the emergency response to forest and grassland fires. | | 县级人民政府应当组织乡级人民政府、街道办事处根据森林草原火灾应急预案制定森林草原火灾应急处置方案；居民委员会、村民委员会应当按照森林草原火灾应急预案和森林草原火灾应急处置方案的规定，协助做好森林草原火灾应急处置工作。 |
| The people's government at or above the county level and its relevant departments shall, on a periodical basis, organize the drills of implementing plans for emergency response to forest and grassland fires. | | 县级以上人民政府及其有关部门应当定期组织开展森林草原火灾应急预案的演练。 |
| Article 17 The plan for emergency response to forest and grassland fires shall include: | | 第十七条 森林草原火灾应急预案应当包括下列内容： |
| (1) major tasks; | | （一）主要任务； |
| (2) organizational command system; | | （二）组织指挥体系； |
| (3) response forces; | | （三）处置力量； |
| (4) early warning and information reporting; | | （四）预警和信息报告； |
| (5) emergency response; | | （五）应急响应； |
| (6) comprehensive support; and | | （六）综合保障； |
| (7) post-incident handling. | | （七）后期处置。 |
| Article 18 The national comprehensive fire protection and rescue team shall undertake the forest and grassland firefighting and prevention work as prescribed by the state. | | 第十八条 国家综合性消防救援队伍承担国家规定的森林草原火灾扑救以及预防相关工作。 |
| Local forest and grassland firefighting teams shall be established by the local people's government at or above the county level or by large-scale entities managing forests, trees, forest land, and grassland based on actual needs. Relevant personnel shall obtain the professional qualifications prescribed by the state, and specific measures shall be developed by the emergency management department of the State Council and the department of forestry and grassland in conjunction with relevant departments. | | 地方森林草原消防队伍由县级以上地方人民政府或者规模较大的森林、林木、林地、草原经营单位根据实际需要建立，相关人员应当取得国家规定的职业资格，具体办法由国务院应急管理部门、林业草原主管部门会同有关部门制定。 |
| Local semi-professional (part-time) forest and grassland firefighting teams shall be established by township people's governments, sub-district offices, and entities managing forests, trees, forest land, and grassland based on actual needs. | | 地方半专业（兼职）森林草原消防队伍由乡级人民政府、街道办事处和森林、林木、林地、草原经营单位根据实际需要建立。 |
| The state guides and regulates the orderly participation of social forces in the forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting work. | | 国家引导和规范社会力量有序参与森林草原防灭火工作。 |
| The people's government at or above the county level shall, according to the applicable provisions, promptly allocate forces to carry out the forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting work. | | 县级以上人民政府按照规定及时调配力量开展森林草原防灭火工作。 |
| Article 19 All types of forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting teams shall establish fire prevention and fighting safety rules, equip personnel with personal protective equipment according to relevant standards, conduct regular training and drills, organize firefighting safety education and safety evacuation drills, establish joint prevention, training, and combat mechanisms, and strengthen coordination and cooperation. | | 第十九条 各类森林草原防灭火队伍应当建立防灭火安全制度，按照有关标准配备个人防护装备，定期进行培训和演练，并组织扑救安全教育和安全避险演练，建立联防联训联战机制，加强衔接配合。 |
| Article 20 Entities and individuals managing forests, trees, forest land, and grassland shall assume the responsibility for forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting within their management areas, shall establish a forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting responsibility system, demarcate responsibility zones for forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting, designate persons responsible for forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting, be equipped with facilities and equipment for forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting, and inspect and promptly eliminate potential fire hazards on a periodical basis. | | 第二十条 森林、林木、林地、草原经营单位和个人在其经营区域内承担森林草原防灭火责任，应当建立森林草原防灭火责任制，划定森林草原防灭火责任区，确定森林草原防灭火责任人，并配备森林草原防灭火设施设备，定期排查并及时消除火灾隐患。 |
| Article 21 The entities managing forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting along electric power lines, telecommunication lines, and oil and gas pipelines shall take corresponding fire prevention and fighting measures in the areas and during the periods with forest and grassland fire hazards, inspect and eliminate potential fire hazards, and organize fire prevention patrols. | | 第二十一条 承担电力、通信线路和石油天然气管道的森林草原防灭火责任的经营单位，应当在森林草原火灾危险地段和危险时段，采取相应防灭火措施，排查和消除火灾隐患，并组织开展防火巡护。 |
| Railway and highway management entities shall be responsible for fire prevention and fighting in forest land and grassland under their management, and cooperate with local people's governments at and above the county level to effectively conduct fire prevention and fighting in the areas with forest and grassland fire hazards along the railways and highways and during the periods with fire hazards. | | 铁路、公路的经营管理单位应当负责本单位经营管理的林地、草原的防灭火工作，并配合县级以上地方人民政府做好铁路、公路沿线森林草原火灾危险地段和危险时段的防灭火工作。 |
| Agricultural and pastoral farms, industrial mines, and other enterprises and public institutions, as well as the management institutions of tourist areas and development zones shall be responsible for the forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting work within their management areas and cooperate with relevant entities in effectively conducting the fire prevention and fighting work in surrounding areas. | | 农牧场、工矿等企业事业单位以及旅游区、开发区经营管理机构，应当负责其经营管理区域内的森林草原防灭火工作，并配合有关单位做好周边地区的防灭火工作。 |
| Article 22 Full-time or part-time forest rangers and grassland managers shall be responsible for patrolling forests and grasslands. Upon discovering a fire, they shall handle it in a timely manner and report it in accordance with relevant provisions, effectively conduct fire prevention publicity, and assist relevant departments in investigating forest and grassland fire cases. | | 第二十二条 专职或者兼职护林员、草管员负责巡护森林草原，发现火情应当及时处理并按照有关规定报告，做好防火宣传，并协助有关部门调查森林草原火灾案件。 |
| Article 23 Relevant departments of the State Council and local people's governments at and above the county level shall, in accordance with the relevant rules issued by the state, strengthen the construction of infrastructure such as fire lanes, isolation belts, communication base stations, emergency broadcasting systems, watchtowers, and emergency water sources (water storage), promote the transformation and upgrading of fire prevention and fighting equipment, establish and improve the reserve and guarantee system for forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting materials, and replenish and update fire prevention and fighting materials in a timely manner. | | 第二十三条 国务院有关部门和县级以上地方人民政府应当按照国家有关规定，加强防火道、隔离带、通信基站、应急广播、瞭望塔、应急水源（储水）等基础设施建设，推动防灭火装备转型升级，建立健全森林草原防灭火物资储备保障体系，及时补充更新防灭火物资。 |
| Article 24 The State Council and provincial people's governments shall, based on the actual needs of forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting, carry out aviation fire protection construction, make full use of satellite remote sensing technologies and the existing military and civil aviation infrastructure, and establish a cooperation mechanism for aerial forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting with the participation of relevant entities. | | 第二十四条 国务院和省级人民政府应当根据森林草原防灭火实际需要，开展航空消防建设，充分利用卫星遥感技术和现有军用、民用航空基础设施，建立相关单位参与的森林草原防灭火航空协作机制。 |
| Article 25 The local people's government at or above the county level shall, based on the distribution of forest and grassland resources and the law of occurrence of forest and grassland fires within its administrative region, demarcate forest and grassland fire prevention zones, specify forest and grassland fire prevention periods, and announce them to the public. | | 第二十五条 县级以上地方人民政府应当根据本行政区域内森林草原资源分布状况和森林草原火灾发生规律，划定森林草原防火区，规定森林草原防火期，并向社会公布。 |
| During the fire prevention period, the local people's government at or above the county level and its relevant departments, as well as the entities and individuals managing forests, trees, forest land, and grassland shall, according to the meteorological forecast and early warning information of forest and grassland fire hazards, take corresponding fire prevention and emergency preparedness measures within fire prevention zones. | | 防火期内，县级以上地方人民政府及其有关部门和森林、林木、林地、草原经营单位和个人，应当根据森林草原火险气象等级预报和预警信息，在防火区内采取相应的火灾预防和应急准备措施。 |
| Article 26 Where an enterprise or public institution such as an agricultural and pastoral farm, industrial mine, or a tourist area or a development zone is formed within a fire prevention zone, its forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting facilities shall be planned, designed, constructed, and inspected with the construction project at the same time. If large-scale afforestation is carried out in forest areas or large-scale grass planting is conducted in natural grasslands, forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting facilities shall be constructed at the same time. Forest and grassland fire prevention and fighting facilities shall be inspected and accepted by the construction employer, and they can only be put into use after passing the acceptance check. Relevant departments of the local people's government at or above the county level shall strengthen the supervision and inspection of the acceptance check activities and results of the construction employer. | | 第二十六条 在防火区内开办农牧场、工矿等企业事业单位，设立旅游区或者新建开发区的，其森林草原防灭火设施应当与该建设项目同步规划、同步设计、同步施工、同步验收；在林区成片造林、在天然草原成片种草的，应当同时配套建设森林草原防灭火设施。森林草原防灭火设施应当由建设单位负责组织验收，验收合格后方可投入使用。县级以上地方人民政府有关部门应当加强对建设单位验收活动和验收结果的监督核查。 |
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