Guiding Case No. 112 of the Supreme People's Court: Case of Application for Establishment of the Funds for Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims by Astk Co., Ltd. | | 指导案例112号:阿斯特克有限公司申请设立海事赔偿责任限制基金案 |
(Issued on February 25, 2019 as deliberated and adopted by the Judicial Committee of the Supreme People's Court) | | (最高人民法院审判委员会讨论通过 2019年2月25日发布) |
Guiding Case No. 112 | | 指导案例112号 |
Keywords
| | 【关键词】 |
Civil; funds for limitation of liability for maritime claims; principle of accidents; one accident; multiple accidents | | 民事/海事赔偿责任限制基金/事故原则/一次事故/多次事故 |
Key Points of Judgment | | 【裁判要点】 |
Article 212 of the Maritime Law specifies that the limitation of liability for maritime claims should be governed by the principle of “one quota for one accident and multiple quotas for multiple accidents.” The key to judge one accident or multiple accidents is whether the accidents are arising from the same cause. If multiple accidents are arising from the same cause and the chain of causes is not interrupted, it should be determined as one accident. If the chain of causes is interrupted and another accident occurs, it should be determined that a new and independent accident is formed. | | 海商法第二百一十二条确立海事赔偿责任限制实行“一次事故,一个限额,多次事故,多个限额”的原则。判断一次事故还是多次事故的关键是分析事故之间是否因同一原因所致。如果因同一原因发生多个事故,且原因链没有中断的,应认定为一次事故。如果原因链中断并再次发生事故,则应认定为形成新的独立事故。 |
Legal Provisions | | 【相关法条】 |
Article 212 of the Maritime Law of the People's Republic of China | | 《中华人民共和国海商法》第212条 |
Basic Facts | | 【基本案情】 |
Astk Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as “Astk Company”) filed an application with the Tianjin Maritime Court and claimed that its vessel “Saaraon” has received claims for aquaculture damage. With respect to the non-personal casualty losses caused by this accident, as the owner of the vessel “Saaraon,” Astk Company applied for establishing the fund of limitation of liability for maritime claims and the liability limit was the special drawing right (SDR) of CNY422,510 and the interest thereof from June 5, 2014 to the date of the establishment of the fund. | | 阿斯特克有限公司向天津海事法院提出申请称,其所属的“艾侬”轮收到养殖损害索赔请求。对于该次事故所造成的非人身伤亡损失,阿斯特克有限公司作为该轮的船舶所有人申请设立海事赔偿责任限制基金,责任限额为422510特别提款权及该款项自2014年6月5日起至基金设立之日止的利息。 |
Many farmers raised objections as interested persons and they deemed that Astk Company should separately establish limitation funds rather than establish one fund for the whole voyage. | | 众多养殖户作为利害关系人提出异议,认为阿斯特克有限公司应当分别设立限制基金,而不能就整个航次设立一个限制基金。 |
The Tianjin Maritime Court found that the owner of the Korean vessel “Saaraon” involved was Astk Company, with the gross tonnage of 2,030 tons. On June 5, 2014, on the way of loading from Qinhuangdao Port to Tianjin Port, the vessel “Saaraon” sailed into aquaculture areas in the waters of Changli County and Laoting County, Hebei Province, causing aquaculture losses of the relevant farmers. | | 法院查明:涉案船舶韩国籍“艾侬”轮的所有人为阿斯特克有限公司,船舶总吨位为2030吨。2014年6月5日,“艾侬”轮自秦皇岛开往天津港装货途中,在河北省昌黎县、乐亭县海域驶入养殖区域,造成了相关养殖户的养殖损失。 |
It was also found that the vessel “Saaraon” used the British Admiralty Chart (No. 1249) (hereinafter referred to as the “B.A. Chart”) when the accident in this case occurred and the B.A. Chart has indicated that aquaculture areas have been set in the waters where the accident occurred. For the purpose of executing the preset route for the voyage invovled, the vessel invovled sailed through the aquaculture areas. | | 另查明,“艾侬”轮在本案损害事故发生时使用英版1249号海图,该海图已标明本案损害事故发生的海域设置了养殖区,并划定了养殖区范围。涉案船舶为执行涉案航次所预先设定的航线穿越该养殖区。 |
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