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Opinions of the General Office of the CPC Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council on Accelerating the Development and Utilization of Public Data Resources
[Effective]
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中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅关于加快公共数据资源开发利用的意见
[现行有效]
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【法宝引证码】
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| Opinions of the General Office of the CPC Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council on Accelerating the Development and Utilization of Public Data Resources | | 中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅关于加快公共数据资源开发利用的意见 |
| (September 21, 2024) | | （2024年9月21日） |
| The public data generated by Party and government agencies at all levels, enterprises, and public institutions in the process of performing their duties or providing public services in accordance with the law is an important basic strategic resource of the state. For the purposes of accelerating the development and utilization of public data resources, fully unlocking the potential of public data as factors of production, and promoting high-quality development, with the approval of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, the following opinions are hereby offered. | | 各级党政机关、企事业单位依法履职或提供公共服务过程中产生的公共数据，是国家重要的基础性战略资源。为加快公共数据资源开发利用，充分释放公共数据要素潜能，推动高质量发展，经党中央、国务院同意，现提出如下意见。 |
| I. General requirements | | 一、总体要求 |
| Under the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the 2nd and 3rd Plenary Sessions of the 20th CPC Central Committee shall be thoroughly implemented. The new development philosophy shall be fully and faithfully applied on all fronts. Both development and security shall be ensured, while efficiency and fairness are taken into account. With a focus on promoting the compliant and efficient circulation and use of public data and in order to better develop and utilize resources, institutional obstacles to the circulation and use shall be removed. Efforts shall be made to generate the motivation for sharing and open access, better allocate public data resources, unleash creativity of the market, and maximize the amplification, superposition, and multiplication effects of data as factors of production, so as to solidly support the endeavor to continuously strengthen, optimize, and expand the digital economy and create new strengths in national competition. | | 坚持以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，深入贯彻党的二十大和二十届二中、三中全会精神，完整准确全面贯彻新发展理念，统筹发展和安全，兼顾效率与公平，以促进公共数据合规高效流通使用为主线，以提高资源开发利用水平为目标，破除公共数据流通使用的体制性障碍、机制性梗阻，激发共享开放动力，优化公共数据资源配置，释放市场创新活力，充分发挥数据要素放大、叠加、倍增效应，为不断做强做优做大数字经济、构筑国家竞争新优势提供坚实支撑。 |
| The work must uphold the following: Adhering to government guidance and market-driven approach. Strengthening government guidance and regulation, and giving better play to the role of market mechanisms play, and effectively expanding the supply of public data and improving the efficiency of allocating public data resources and the benefits of their utilization. Respecting objective laws, upholding fundamental principles, and breaking new ground. All regions and departments are encouraged to promote sharing and open access in accordance with local conditions, explore ways to authorize operations in accordance with applicable provisions, and improve the resource development and utilization system. Systematic advancement and efficient coordination. Top-level design shall be enhanced to define the boundaries of management between departments and regions and gradually create a pattern of development and utilization of public data resources with clear rights and responsibilities and coordinated efforts across all areas. Accelerating development and maintaining security. Both institutions development and capacity building shall be promoted so as to ensure security in the entire process of development and utilization of public data resources and prevent various data risks. | | 工作中要做到：坚持政府指导、市场驱动。加强政府指导和调控，更好发挥市场机制作用，有效扩大公共数据供给，提高公共数据资源配置效率和使用效益。坚持尊重规律、守正创新。鼓励各地区各部门因地制宜推动共享开放，探索开展依规授权运营，完善资源开发利用制度。坚持系统推进、高效协同。加强顶层设计，厘清部门和地方的管理边界，逐步形成权责清晰、条块协同的公共数据资源开发利用格局。坚持加快发展、维护安全。推动制度建设和能力建设相结合，将安全贯穿公共数据资源开发利用全过程，防范各种数据风险。 |
| Main goals: By 2025, the systems and rules for the development and utilization of public data resources will be initially established, the size and quality of resource supply will be significantly improved, data products and services will be continuously expanded, the development and utilization of public data resources in key industries and regions will achieve significant results, a group of enterprises based on data as factors of production will be cultivated, and the role of public data resources will initially become apparent. By 2030, the systems and rules for the development and utilization of public data resources will be more mature, the resource development and utilization system will be fully established, data will be compliantly and efficiently circulated and used, and public data will play a full role in enabling the real economy, expanding consumer demand, creating more investment space, and enhancing governance capabilities. | | 主要目标是：到2025年，公共数据资源开发利用制度规则初步建立，资源供给规模和质量明显提升，数据产品和服务不断丰富，重点行业、地区公共数据资源开发利用取得明显成效，培育一批数据要素型企业，公共数据资源要素作用初步显现。到2030年，公共数据资源开发利用制度规则更加成熟，资源开发利用体系全面建成，数据流通使用合规高效，公共数据在赋能实体经济、扩大消费需求、拓展投资空间、提升治理能力中的要素作用充分发挥。 |
| II. Deepening the reform of allocation of data as a factor of production and expanding the supply of public data resources | | 二、深化数据要素配置改革，扩大公共数据资源供给 |
| 1. Making coordinated efforts to promote the sharing of government data. The government data directory shall be improved and uniformly managed to achieve "one data, one source." The quality and management of government data shall be continuously improved. To facilitate both voluntarily and on-demand sharing, the list of responsibilities to share government data shall be improved, with resources being released. Existing data sharing platforms shall strengthen their supporting role, and cross-level, cross-regional, cross-system, cross-departmental, and cross-business government data sharing and business collaboration shall be advanced with the goal of "one-stop government services," so as to continuously give the people and enterprises a growing sense of fulfillment. | | （一）统筹推进政务数据共享。完善政务数据目录，实行统一管理，推动实现“一数一源”，不断提升政务数据质量和管理水平。推动主动共享与按需共享相结合，完善政务数据共享责任清单，做好资源发布工作。强化已有数据共享平台的支撑作用，围绕“高效办成一件事”，推进跨层级、跨地域、跨系统、跨部门、跨业务政务数据共享和业务协同，不断增强群众和企业的获得感。 |
| 2. Steadily promoting the open access of public data. The system of policies on the open access of public data shall be improved by defining the rights, responsibilities, and scope for the open accessibility, and public data shall be steadily opened in accordance with laws and regulations, conditional on maintaining national data security and protecting personal information and trade secrets. The platform for public data opening shall be enhanced, and an open directory shall be complied, published, and dynamically updated. Priority shall be given to the open access of data closely related to people's wellbeing and urgently needed by the public. The establishment of an acceptance and feedback mechanism for needs for open access to public data shall be encouraged, and the integrity, accuracy, timeliness, and machine readability of open data shall be improved. | | （二）有序推动公共数据开放。健全公共数据开放政策体系，明确公共数据开放的权责和范围，在维护国家数据安全、保护个人信息和商业秘密前提下，依法依规有序开放公共数据。完善公共数据开放平台，编制公布开放目录并动态更新，优先开放与民生紧密相关、社会需求迫切的数据，鼓励建立公共数据开放需求受理反馈机制，提高开放数据的完整性、准确性、及时性和机器可读性。 |
| 3. Encouraging the exploration of authorized operations of public data. The requirements of the structural separation of data property rights shall be implemented, and the establishment of a classification-based and tiered authorization mechanism for public data shall be explored. The coordinated management of authorized operations shall be strengthened by specifying data management agencies. The inclusion of authorized operations in the scope of “decision-making on major issues, important appointments and removals, major projects, and the use of large funds” shall be explored, and authorization conditions, operation models, operation periods, exit mechanisms, and security management responsibilities shall be defined. Under overall authorization, field-based authorization, and scenario-based authorization, and other models, eligible operating institutions shall be authorized to develop public data resources, distribute products, and provide technical services. Data management agencies shall perform their industry regulatory duties and guide and supervise the lawful operation of operating agencies. Operating institutions shall implement authorization requirements, standardize operating practices, provide services to the market fairly, and strictly prohibit unauthorized use of data. Efforts shall be stepped up to create an authorized operation pattern with clear rights and responsibilities and coordination between ministries and provinces. Provisions on the administration of authorized public data resource operations shall be formulated in good time. | | （三）鼓励探索公共数据授权运营。落实数据产权结构性分置制度要求，探索建立公共数据分类分级授权机制。加强对授权运营工作的统筹管理，明确数据管理机构，探索将授权运营纳入“三重一大”决策范围，明确授权条件、运营模式、运营期限、退出机制和安全管理责任，结合实际采用整体授权、分领域授权、依场景授权等模式，授权符合条件的运营机构开展公共数据资源开发、产品经营和技术服务。数据管理机构要履行行业监管职责，指导监督运营机构依法依规经营。运营机构要落实授权要求，规范运营行为，面向市场公平提供服务，严禁未经授权超范围使用数据。加快形成权责清晰、部省协同的授权运营格局。适时制定公共数据资源授权运营管理规定。 |
| ．．．．．． | | ．．．．．． |
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