Constitution of the World Health Organization
THE STATES parties to this Constitution declare, in conformity with the Charter of the United Nations, that the following principles are basic to the happiness, harmonious relations and security of all peoples:
Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
The enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health is one of the fundamental rights of every human being without distinction of race, religion, political belief, economic or social condition.
The health of all peoples is fundamental to the attainment of peace and security and is dependent upon the fullest cooperation of individuals and States.
The achievement of any State in the promotion and protection of health is of value to all.
Unequal development in different countries in the promotion of health and control of disease, especially communicable disease, is a common danger.
Healthy development of the child is of basic importance; the ability to live harmoniously in a changing total environment is essential to such development.
The extension to all peoples of the benefits of medical, psychological and related knowledge is essential to the fullest attainment of health.
Informed opinion and active cooperation on the part of the public are of the utmost importance in the improvement of the health of the people.
Governments have a responsibility for the health of their peoples which can be fulfilled only by the provision of adequate health and social measures.
ACCEPTING THESE PRINCIPLES, and for the purpose of cooperation among themselves and with others to promote and protect the health of all peoples, the contracting parties agree to the present Constitution, and hereby establish the World Health Organization as a specialized agency within the terms of Article 57 of the Charter of the United Nations.
| | 世界衛生組織組織法
本組織法的簽字國以聯合國憲章為依據，宣告下列各項原則為各國人民幸福、和睦與安全的基礎。
健康是身體、精神與社會的全部的美滿狀態，不僅是免病或殘弱。
享受可能獲得的最高健康標准是每個人的基本權利之一，不因種族、宗教政治信仰、經濟及社會條件而有區別。
全世界人民的健康為謀求和平與安全的基礎是有賴于個人的與國家的充分合作。
任何國家在增進和維護健康方面的成就都是對全人類有價值的。
各國在增進健康及控制疾病--特別是傳染病--方面的不平衡發展是一種共同的危害。
兒童的健全發育是為基本重要;在不斷變化的總環境中具有融洽生活的能力，是這種發育所不可缺少的。
在全世界人民中推廣醫學、心理學及其有關知識，對于充分獲得健康是必要的。
群眾的正確意見與積極合作對于增進人民的健康至關重要。
各國政府對人民健康負有一定的責任，唯有采取充分的衛生與社會措施。
各簽字國接受上述原則，並為達成相互間及與其他機構的合作，以增進和維護各國人民的健康起見，同意本組織法，並依照聯合國憲章第五十七條，作為一個專門機構，成立世界衛生組織。
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Chapter I: Objective
| | 第一章目的
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Article 1
The objective of the World Health Organization (hereafter called the Organization) shall be the attainment by all peoples of the highest possible level of health.
| | 第一條
世界衛生組織（以下簡稱“本組織”）的目的是使全世界人民獲得可能達到的最高的健康水平。
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Chapter II: Functions
| | 第二章任務
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Article 2
In order to achieve its objective, the functions of the Organization shall be:
| | 第二條
為達到其目的，本組織的任務應為:
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(a) to act as the directing and coordinating authority on international health work;
| | 1.擔任國際衛生工作的指導與協調主權。
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(b) to establish and maintain effective collaboration with the United Nations, specialized agencies, governmental health administrations, professional groups and such other organizations as may be deemed appropriate;
| | 2.與聯合國、專門機構、各國政府衛生行政主管，各學術或職業團體、及其所認為適當的其他組織建立並維持有效的關系。
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(c) to assist governments, upon request, in strengthening health services;
| | 3.根據申請，協助各國政府加強衛生業務。
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(d) to furnish appropriate technical assistance and, in emergencies, necessary aid upon the request or acceptance of governments;
| | 4.根據各國政府申請，或願予接受的情況下，提供適當的技術援助，並在緊急情況下給予必要的救濟。
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(e) to provide or assist in providing, upon the request of the United Nations, health services and facilities to special groups, such as the peoples of trust territories;
| | 5.根據聯合國申請，對特殊組合，例如聯合國托管區人民，提供或協助提供衛生業務與設備。
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(f) to establish and maintain such administrative and technical services as may be required, including epidemiological and statistical services;
| | 6.在需要時，設置並維持行政與技術業務，包括流行病學及統計業務。
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(g) to stimulate and advance work to eradicate epidemic, endemic and other diseases;
| | 7.促成並推進消滅流行病、地方病、及其他疾病的工作。
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(h) to promote, in cooperation with other specialized agencies where necessary, the prevention of accidental injuries;
| | 8.必要時，與其他專門機構合作，加強防止意外創傷事故。
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(i) to promote, in cooperation with other specialized agencies where necessary, the improvement of nutrition, housing, sanitation, recreation, economic or working conditions and other aspects of environmental hygiene;
| | 9.必要時，與其他專門機構合作，促成增進營養、住宅建設、環境衛生、文娛、經濟或工作的條件、以及其他環境方面的保健工作。
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(j) to promote cooperation among scientific and professional groups which contribute to the advancement of health;
| | 10.促成致力于增進健康的科學與職業團體間的合作。
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(k) to propose conventions, agreements and regulations, and make recommendations with respect to international health matters and to perform such duties as may be assigned thereby to the Organization and are consistent with its objective;
| | 11.提議國際公約、協定與規章的簽訂及對其他國際衛生事態，提出建議並執行由此授予與本組織目的相一致的各項任務。
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(l) to promote maternal and child health and welfare and to foster the ability to live harmoniously in a changing total environment;
| | 12.促進婦幼衛生及福利，並培育其在不斷變化的總環境中具有融洽生活的能力。
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(m) to foster activities in the field of mental health, especially those affecting the harmony of human relations;
| | 13.促進在精神衛生方面的活動，特別是影響人類的和睦關系的活動。
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(n) to promote and conduct research in the field of health;
| | 14.促進並執行衛生研究工作。
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(o) to promote improved standards of teaching and training in health, medical and related professions;
| | 15.促進醫學、衛生及其有關專業方面的教學與培訓標准的改進。
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(p) to study and report on, in cooperation with other specialized agencies where necessary, administrative and social techniques affecting public health and medical care from preventive and curative points of view, including hospital services and social security;
| | 16.從預防與治療的觀點出發，必要時同其他專門機構合作，對各項足以影響公共衛生與醫療保健的行政管理及社會設施的技術，包括醫院業務及社會安全方面進行研究並提出報告。
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(q) to provide information, counsel and assistance in the field of health;
| | 17.提供衛生領域的情報，咨詢及協助。
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(r) to assist in developing an informed public opinion among all peoples on matters of health;
| | 18.協助培養各國人民對于衛生問題的正確輿論。
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(s) to establish and revise as necessary international nomenclatures of diseases, of causes of death and of public health practices;
| | 19.根據需要，制定並修訂有關疾病、死因、及公共衛生實施方面的國際定名。
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(t) to standardize diagnostic procedures as necessary;
| | 20.按需要，規定診斷程序標准。
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(u) to develop, establish and promote international standards with respect to food, biological, pharmaceutical and similar products;
| | 21.發展、建立、並促進食品、生物制品、藥物、及其他類似制品的國際標准。
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(v) generally to take all necessary action to attain the objective of the Organization.
| | 22.總之，采取各種必要措施，達到本組織的目的。
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Chapter III: Membership and Associate Membership
| | 第三章會員與准會員
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Article 3
Membership in the Organization shall be open to all States.
| | 第三條
所有國家均有資格參加本組織為會員。
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Article 4
Members of the United Nations may become Members of the Organization by signing or otherwise accepting this Constitution in accordance with the provisions of Chapter XIX and in accordance with their constitutional processes.
| | 第四條
聯合國各會員,按本組織第十九章規定,並依照各該國立法程序簽署或以其他方式接受本組織法者,均得為本組織會員。
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Article 5
The States whose governments have been invited to send observers to the International Health Conference held in New York, 1946, may become Members by signing or otherwise accepting this Constitution in accordance with the provisions of Chapter XIX and in accordance with their constitutional processes provided that such signature or acceptance shall be completed before the first session of the Health Assembly.
| | 第五條
應邀派遣觀察員出席一九四六年在紐約召開的國際衛生會議的各國政府,在本組織首屆衛生大會召開前根據本組織法第十九章規定並依各該國立法程序簽署或以其他方式接受本組織法者,均得為本組織會員。
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Article 6
Subject to the conditions of any agreement between the United Nations and the Organization, approved pursuant to Chapter XVI, States which do not become Members in accordance with Articles 4 and 5 may apply to become Members and shall be admitted as Members when their application has been approved by a simple majority vote of the Health Assembly.
| | 第六條
在不違背本組織根據組織法第十六章規定與聯合國所達成的任何協議的情況下,凡未能依照本組織法第四、五兩條規定參加為會員者,均可申請為會員,經衛生大會以過半數通過即可為本組織會員。
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Article 7
If a Member fails to meet its financial obligations to the Organization or in other exceptional circumstances the Health Assembly may, on such conditions as it thinks proper, suspend the voting privileges and services to which a Member is entitled. The Health Assembly shall have the authority to restore such voting privileges and services.
| | 第七條
會員不能履行承擔本組織會費的義務或有其他特殊情況時,衛生大會在其認為適當的情況下,可停止該會員的表決權及會員所應得的受益與權利。但衛生大會也有權恢複該會員的表決權與受益權。
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Article 8
Territories or groups of territories which are not responsible for the conduct of their international relations may be admitted as Associate Members by the Health Assembly upon application made on behalf of such territory or group of territories by the Member or other authority having responsibility for their international relations. Representatives of Associate Members to the Health Assembly should be qualified by their technical competence in the field of health and should be chosen from the native population. The nature and extent of the rights and obligations of Associate Members shall be determined by the Health Assembly.
| | 第八條
不能自行負責處理國際關系的領土或領土群，經負責對該領土或領土群國際關系的會員國或政府當局代為申請，並經衛生大會通過，得為本組織准會員。出席衛生大會的准會員代表，應具有衛生技術方面的能力，並應由該領土或領土群的本地人中選出代表。准會員權利與義務的性質及其範圍由衛生大會決定。
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Chapter IV: Organs
| | 第四章機構
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Article 9
The work of the Organization shall be carried out by:
| | 第九條
本組織的工作由下列機構執行:
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(a) The World Health Assembly (hereinafter called the Health Assembly);
| | 1.世界衛生大會（以下簡稱衛生大會）;
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(b) The Executive Board (hereinafter called the Board);
| | 2.執行委員會（以下簡稱執委會）;
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(c) The Secretariat.
| | 3.秘書處。
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Chapter V: the World Health Assembly
| | 第五章世界衛生大會
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Article 10
The Health Assembly shall be composed of delegates representing Members.
| | 第十條
衛生大會由各會員的代表組成。
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Article 11
Each Member shall be represented by not more than three delegates, one of whom shall be designated by the Member as chief delegate. These delegates should be chosen from among persons most qualified by their technical competence in the field of health, preferably representing the national health administration of the Member.
| | 第十一條
各會員的代表最多不得超過三人。其中一人應由會員指定為首席代表。這些代表應就衛生領域內技術能力最強的人員中選拔,並以能代表該會員的國家衛生行政部門為合宜。
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Article 12
Alternatives and advisers may accompany delegates.
| | 第十二條
副代表及顧問可隨同代表出席。
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Article 13
The Health Assembly shall meet in regular annual session and in such special sessions as may be necessary. Special sessions shall be convened at the request of the Board or of a majority of the Members.
| | 第十三條
衛生大會每年舉行一次例會,必要時得召開特別會議。特別會議應在執委會或多數會員的要求下召開。
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Article 14
The Health Assembly, at each annual session, shall select the country or region in which the next annual session shall be held, the Board subsequently fixing the place. The Board shall determine the place where a special session shall be held.
| | 第十四條
衛生大會在每年例會中應選定下屆例會在某一國家或地區舉行,具體開會地點由執委會最後決定。每次特別會議的召開地點亦由執委會決定。
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Article 15
The Board, after consultation with the Secretary-General of the United Nations, shall determine the date of each annual and special session.
| | 第十五條
執委會經與聯合國秘書長商洽後,決定每屆年度例會及特別會議的召開日期。
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Article 16
The Health Assembly shall elect its President and other officers at the beginning of each annual session. They shall hold office until their successors are elected.
| | 第十六條
衛生大會于每屆年度例會開始時應選出主席及其他職員,其任期至繼任人被選出時為止。
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Article 17
The Health Assembly shall adopt its own rules of procedure.
| | 第十七條
衛生大會應自行制定議事規程。
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Article 18
The functions of the Health Assembly shall be:
| | 第十八條
衛生大會的任務如下:
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(a) to determine the policies of the Organization;
| | 1.決定本組織的政策。
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(b) to name the Members entitled to designate a person to serve on the Board;
| | 2.選定派遣代表參加執委會的會員。
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(c) to appoint the Director-General;
| | 3.任命總幹事。
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(d) to review and approve reports and activities of the Board and of the Director-General and to instruct the Board in regard to matters upon which action, study, investigation or report may be considered desirable;
| | 4.審查執委會與總幹事的工作報告及業務活動,並指示執委會關于應需采取行動、調查研究或報告的事項。
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(e) to establish such committees as may be considered necessary for the work of the Organization;
| | 5.設置本組織工作所必需的各種委員會。
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(f) to supervise the financial policies of the Organization and to review and approve the budget;
| | 6.監督本組織的財務政策,並審查和通過預算。
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(g) to instruct the Board and the Director-General to bring to the attention of Members and of international organizations, governmental or non-governmental, any matter with regard to health which the Health Assembly may consider appropriate;
| | 7.指示執委會及總幹事,就衛生大會認為適當的任何衛生事項,提請各會員、各政府或非政府的國際組織給予注意。
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(h) to invite any organization, international or national, governmental or non-governmental, which has responsibilities related to those of the Organization, to appoint representatives to participate, without right of vote, in its meetings or in those of the committees and conferences convened under its authority, on conditions prescribed by the Health Assembly; but in the case of national organizations, invitations shall be issued only with the consent of the government concerned;
| | 8.邀請與本組織職責有關的任何國際的或全國性的組織,政府的或非政府的組織派遣代表,在衛生大會所指定的條件下,參加衛生大會、委員會、或由衛生大會召開的會議,但無表決權。至于全國性的組織,須經有關政府同意後始得邀請。
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(i) to consider recommendations bearing on health made by the General Assembly, the Economic and Social Council, the Security Council or Trusteeship Council of the United Nations, and to report to them on the steps taken by the Organization to give effect to such recommendations;
| | 9.考慮聯合國大會、經濟及社會理事會、安全理事會或托管理事會所提出的有關衛生問題的建議,並向其報告本組織就上項建議所采取的步驟。
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(j) to report to the Economic and Social Council in accordance with any agreement between the Organization and the United Nations;
| | 10.根據本組織與聯合國的協定,向經濟及社會理事會提出報告。
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(k) to promote and conduct research in the field of health by the personnel of the Organization, by the establishment of its own institutions or by cooperation with official or non-official institutions of any Member with the consent of its government;
．．．．．． | | 11.提倡並指導本組織工作人員進行有關衛生的研究工作。自行設立研究機構,或經會員國政府同意與其官方的或非官方的機構合作進行。
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