| Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China | | 中華人民共和國刑法 |
(Adopted by the Second Session of the Fifth National People's Congress on July 1, 1979, revised by the Fifth Session of the Eighth National People's Congress on March 14, 1997, and amended according to the NPC Standing Committee's Decision Concerning Punishment of Criminal Offenses Involving Fraudulent Purchase adopted at the Sixth Session of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress on December 29, 1998, Amendment to the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China adopted at the 13rd Session of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress on December 25,1999, Amendment (II) to the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China adopted at the 23rd Session of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress on August 31, 2001, Amendment (III) to the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China adopted at the 25th Session of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress on December 29, 2001; Amendment (IV) to the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China adopted at the 31st Session of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress on December 28, 2002, Amendment (V) to the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China adopted at the 14th Session of the Standing Committee of the Tenth National People's Congress on February 28, 2005, Amendment (VI) to the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China adopted at the 22nd Session of the Standing Committee of the Tenth National People's Congress on June 29, 2006, Amendment (VII) to the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China adopted at the 7th Session of the Standing Committee of the 11st National People's Congress on February 28, 2009, Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on Amending Some Laws adopted at the Tenth Session of the Standing Committee of the 11st National People's Congress on August 27, 2009, Amendment (VIII) to the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China adopted at the 19th Session of the Standing Committee of the 11st National People's Congress on February 25, 2011, Amendment (IX) to the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China adopted at the 16th Session of the Standing Committee of the 12nd National People's Congress on August 29, 2015, Amendment (X) to the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China adopted at the 30th Session of the Standing Committee of the 12nd National People's Congress on November 4, 2017, and Amendment (XI) to the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China adopted at the 24th Session of the Standing Committee of the 13rd National People's Congress on December 26, 2020)? | | （1979年7月1日第五屆全國人民代表大會第二次會議通過 1997年3月14日第八屆全國人民代表大會第五次會議修訂 根據1998年12月29日第九屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第六次會議通過的《全國人民代表大會常務委員會關于懲治騙購外彙、逃彙和非法買賣外彙犯罪的決定》、1999年12月25日第九屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第十三次會議通過的《中華人民共和國刑法修正案》、2001年8月31日第九屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第二十三次會議通過的《中華人民共和國刑法修正案（二）》、2001年12月29日第九屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第二十五次會議通過的《中華人民共和國刑法修正案（三）》、2002年12月28日第九屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第三十一次會議通過的《中華人民共和國刑法修正案（四）》、2005年2月28日第十屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第十四次會議通過的《中華人民共和國刑法修正案（五）》、2006年6月29日第十屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第二十二次會議通過的《中華人民共和國刑法修正案（六）》、2009年2月28日第十一屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第七次會議通過的《中華人民共和國刑法修正案（七）》、2009年8月27日第十一屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第十次會議通過的《全國人民代表大會常務委員會關于修改部分法律的決定》、2011年2月25日第十一屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第十九次會議通過的《中華人民共和國刑法修正案（八）》、2015年8月29日第十二屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第十六次會議通過的《中華人民共和國刑法修正案（九）》、2017年11月4日第十二屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第三十次會議通過的《中華人民共和國刑法修正案（十）》和2020年12月26日第十三屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第二十四次會議通過的《中華人民共和國刑法修正案（十一）》修正）? |
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| Table of Contents: | | 目錄 |
| Part I General Provisions | | 第一編 總則 |
| Chapter I Tasks, Basic Principles, and Scope of Application of the Criminal Law | | 第一章 刑法的任務、基本原則和適用範圍 |
| Chapter II Crimes | | 第二章 犯罪 |
| Section 1 . Crime and Criminal Responsibility | | 第一節 犯罪和刑事責任 |
| Section 2 . Preparation for a Crime, Criminal Attempt, and Discontinuation of a Crime | | 第二節 犯罪的預備、未遂和中止 |
| Section 3 . Joint Crimes | | 第三節 共同犯罪 |
| Section 4 . Unit Crimes | | 第四節 單位犯罪 |
| Chapter III Punishments | | 第三章 刑罰 |
| Section 1 . Types of Punishments | | 第一節 刑罰的種類 |
| Section 2 . Probation | | 第二節 管制 |
| Section 3 . Limited Incarceration | | 第三節 拘役 |
| Section 4 . Fixed-Term Imprisonment and Life Imprisonment | | 第四節 有期徒刑、無期徒刑 |
| Section 5 . Death Penalty | | 第五節 死刑 |
| Section 6 . Fines | | 第六節 罰金 |
| Section 7 . Deprivation of Political Rights | | 第七節 剝奪政治權利 |
| Section 8 . Confiscation of Property | | 第八節 沒收財產 |
| Chapter IV The Concrete Application Of Punishments | | 第四章 刑罰的具體運用 |
| Section 1 . Sentencing | | 第一節 量刑 |
| Section 2 . Recidivists | | 第二節 累犯 |
| Section 3 . Voluntary Surrender and Meritorious Service | | 第三節 自首和立功 |
| Section 4 . Combined Punishment for More Than One Crime | | 第四節 數罪並罰 |
| Section 5 . Suspension of Sentence | | 第五節 緩刑 |
| Section 6 . Reduction of Sentence | | 第六節 減刑 |
| Section 7 . Parole | | 第七節 假釋 |
| Section 8 . Limitation | | 第八節 時效 |
| Chapter V Other Provisions | | 第五章 其他規定 |
| PART II Special Provisions | | 第二編 分則 |
| Chapter I Crimes of Endangering National Security | | 第一章 危害國家安全罪 |
| Chapter II Crimes of Endangering Public Security | | 第二章 危害公共安全罪 |
| Chapter III Crimes of Undermining the Order of Socialist Market Economy | | 第三章 破壞社會主義市場經濟秩序罪 |
| Section 1 . Crimes of Manufacturing and Selling Fake and Shoddy Goods | | 第一節 生產、銷售偽劣商品罪 |
| Section 2 . Crimes of Smuggling | | 第二節 走私罪 |
| Section 3 . Crimes of Disrupting the Order of Company and Enterprise Administration | | 第三節 妨害對公司、企業的管理秩序罪 |
| Section 4 . Crimes of Undermining the Order of Financial Management | | 第四節 破壞金融管理秩序罪 |
| Section 5 . Crimes of Financial Fraud | | 第五節 金融詐騙罪 |
| Section 6 . Crimes of Endangering Collection and Management of Taxes | | 第六節 危害稅收征管罪 |
| Section 7 . Crimes of Infringing Upon Intellectual Property Rights | | 第七節 侵犯知識產權罪 |
| Section 8 . Crimes of Disrupting Market Order | | 第八節 擾亂市場秩序罪 |
| Chapter IV Crimes of Infringing Upon the Rights of the Person and the Democratic Rights of Citizens | | 第四章 侵犯公民人身權利、民主權利罪 |
| Chapter V The Crime of Encroaching on Property | | 第五章 侵犯財產罪 |
| Chapter VI Crimes of Disrupting the Order of Social Administration | | 第六章 妨害社會管理秩序罪 |
| Section 1 . Crimes of Disrupting Public Order | | 第一節 擾亂公共秩序罪 |
| Section 2 . Crimes of Disrupting Justice | | 第二節 妨害司法罪 |
| Section 3 . Crimes of Disrupting Administration of the Territory (Border) | | 第三節 妨害國（邊）境管理罪 |
| Section 4 . Crimes of Disrupting Administration of Cultural Relics | | 第四節 妨害文物管理罪 |
| Section 5 . Crimes of Endangering Public Health | | 第五節 危害公共衛生罪 |
| Section 6 . Crimes of Undermining Protection of Environmental Resources | | 第六節 破壞環境資源保護罪 |
| Section 7 . Crimes of Smuggling, Trafficking, Transporting, and Manufacturing Drugs. | | 第七節 走私、販賣、運輸、制造毒品罪 |
| Section 8 . Crimes of Organizing, Forcing, Inducing, Housing, and Introducing Prostitutes | | 第八節 組織、強迫、引誘、容留、介紹賣淫罪 |
| Section 9 . Crimes of Manufacturing, Selling, and Spreading Obscene Publications | | 第九節 制作、販賣、傳播淫穢物品罪 |
| Chapter VII Crimes of Endangering the Interests of National Defense | | 第七章 危害國防利益罪 |
| Chapter VIII Graft and Bribery | | 第八章 貪汙賄賂罪 |
| Chapter IX Crimes of Dereliction of Duty | | 第九章 瀆職罪 |
| Chapter X Crimes of Violation of Duty by Military Personnel | | 第十章 軍人違反職責罪 |
| Supplementary Articles | | 附則 |
| Part I General Provisions | | 第一編 總則 |
| Chapter I Tasks, Basic Principles, and Scope of Application of the Criminal Law | | 第一章 刑法的任務、基本原則和適用範圍 |
| Article 1 . This law is formulated in accordance with the Constitution and in light of the concrete experience of China launching a struggle against crime and the realities in the country, with a view to punishing crime and protecting the people. | | 第一條 【立法宗旨】為了懲罰犯罪，保護人民，根據憲法，結合我國同犯罪作鬥爭的具體經驗及實際情況，制定本法。 |
| Article 2 . The tasks of the PRC Criminal Law are to use punishment struggle against all criminal acts to defend national security, the political power of the people's democratic dictatorship, and the socialist system; to protect state-owned property and property collectively owned by the laboring masses; to protect citizens' privately owned property; to protect citizens' right of the person, democratic rights, and other rights; to maintain social and economic order; and to safeguard the smooth progress of the cause of socialist construction. | | 第二條 【本法任務】中華人民共和國刑法的任務，是用刑罰同一切犯罪行為作鬥爭，以保衛國家安全，保衛人民民主專政的政權和社會主義制度，保護國有財產和勞動群眾集體所有的財產，保護公民私人所有的財產，保護公民的人身權利、民主權利和其他權利，維護社會秩序、經濟秩序，保障社會主義建設事業的順利進行。 |
| Article 3 . Any act deemed by explicit stipulations of law as a crime is to be convicted and given punishment by law and any act that no explicit stipulations of law deems a crime is not to be convicted or given punishment. | | 第三條 【罪刑法定】法律明文規定為犯罪行為的，依照法律定罪處刑；法律沒有明文規定為犯罪行為的，不得定罪處刑。 |
| Article 4 . Every one is equal before the law in committing crime. No one is permitted to have privileges to transgress the law. | | 第四條 【適用刑法人人平等】對任何人犯罪，在適用法律上一律平等。不允許任何人有超越法律的特權。 |
| Article 5 . The severity of punishments must be commensurate with the crime committed by an offender and the criminal responsibility he bears. | | 第五條 【罪責刑相適應】刑罰的輕重，應當與犯罪分子所犯罪行和承擔的刑事責任相適應。 |
| Article 6 . This law is applicable to all who commit crimes within the territory of the PRC except as specially stipulated by law. | | 第六條 【屬地管轄權】凡在中華人民共和國領域內犯罪的，除法律有特別規定的以外，都適用本法。 |
| This law is also applicable to all who commit crimes aboard a ship or aircraft of the PRC. | | 凡在中華人民共和國船舶或者航空器內犯罪的，也適用本法。 |
| When either the act or consequence of a crime takes place within PRC territory, a crime is deemed to have been committed within PRC territory. | | 犯罪的行為或者結果有一項發生在中華人民共和國領域內的，就認為是在中華人民共和國領域內犯罪。 |
| Article 7 . This law is applicable to PRC citizens who commit the crimes specified in this law outside the territory of the PRC; but those who commit the crimes carrying a maximum sentence of less than three-year imprisonment as stipulated in this law may be exempt from prosecution. | | 第七條 【屬人管轄權】中華人民共和國公民在中華人民共和國領域外犯本法規定之罪的，適用本法，但是按本法規定的最高刑為三年以下有期徒刑的，可以不予追究。 |
| This law is applicable to PRC state personnel and military personnel who commit the crimes specified in this law outside PRC territory. | | 中華人民共和國國家工作人員和軍人在中華人民共和國領域外犯本法規定之罪的，適用本法。 |
| Article 8 . This law may be applicable to foreigners, who outside PRC territory, commit crimes against the PRC state or against its citizens, provided that this law stipulates a minimum sentence of not less than a three-year fixed term of imprisonment for such crimes; but an exception is to be made if a crime is not punishable according the law of the place where it was committed. | | 第八條 【保護管轄權】外國人在中華人民共和國領域外對中華人民共和國國家或者公民犯罪，而按本法規定的最低刑為三年以上有期徒刑的，可以適用本法，但是按照犯罪地的法律不受處罰的除外。 |
| Article 9 . This law is applicable to the crimes specified in international treaties to which the PRC is a signatory state or with which it is a member and the PRC exercises criminal jurisdiction over such crimes within its treaty obligations. | | 第九條 【普遍管轄權】對于中華人民共和國締結或者參加的國際條約所規定的罪行，中華人民共和國在所承擔條約義務的範圍內行使刑事管轄權的，適用本法。 |
| Article 10 . Any person who commits a crime outside PRC territory and according to this law bear criminal responsibility may still be dealt with according to this law even if he has been tried in a foreign country; however, a person who has already received criminal punishment in a foreign country may be exempted from punishment or given a mitigated punishment. | | 第十條 【對外國刑事判決的消極承認】凡在中華人民共和國領域外犯罪，依照本法應當負刑事責任的，雖然經過外國審判，仍然可以依照本法追究，但是在外國已經受過刑罰處罰的，可以免除或者減輕處罰。 |
| Article 11 . The problem of criminal responsibility of foreigners who enjoy diplomatic privileges and immunity is to be resolved through diplomatic channels. | | 第十一條 【外交代表刑事管轄豁免】享有外交特權和豁免權的外國人的刑事責任，通過外交途徑解決。 |
| Article 12 . If an act committed after the founding of the PRC and before the implementation of this law was not deemed a crime under the laws at that time, the laws at that time are to be applicable. If the act was deemed a crime under the laws at that time, and if under the provisions of Chapter IV, Section 8 of the general provisions of this law it should be prosecuted, criminal responsibility is to be investigated according to the laws at that time. However, if this law does not deem it a crime or imposes a lesser punishment, this law is to be applicable. | | 第十二條 【刑法溯及力】中華人民共和國成立以後本法施行以前的行為，如果當時的法律不認為是犯罪的，適用當時的法律；如果當時的法律認為是犯罪的，依照本法總則第四章第八節的規定應當追訴的，按照當時的法律追究刑事責任，但是如果本法不認為是犯罪或者處刑較輕的，適用本法。 |
| The effective judgments that were made according to the laws at that time before the implementation of this law will continue to be in force. | | 本法施行以前，依照當時的法律已經作出的生效判決，繼續有效。 |
| Chapter II Crimes | | 第二章 犯罪 |
| Section 1 . Crimes and Criminal Responsibility | | 第一節 犯罪和刑事責任 |
| Article 13 . All acts that endanger the sovereignty, territorial integrity, and security of the state; split the state; subvert the political power of the people's democratic dictatorship and overthrow the socialist system; undermine social and economic order; violate property owned by the state or property collectively owned by the laboring masses; violate citizens' privately owned property; infringe upon citizens' rights of the person, democratic rights. and other rights; and other acts that endanger society, are crimes if according to law they should be criminally punished. However, if the circumstances are clearly minor and the harm is not great, they are not to be deemed crimes. | | 第十三條 【犯罪概念】一切危害國家主權、領土完整和安全，分裂國家、顛覆人民民主專政的政權和推翻社會主義制度，破壞社會秩序和經濟秩序，侵犯國有財產或者勞動群眾集體所有的財產，侵犯公民私人所有的財產，侵犯公民的人身權利、民主權利和其他權利，以及其他危害社會的行為，依照法律應當受刑罰處罰的，都是犯罪，但是情節顯著輕微危害不大的，不認為是犯罪。 |
| Article 14 . An intentional crime is a crime constituted as a result of clear knowledge that one's own act will cause socially dangerous consequences, and of hope for or indifference to the occurrence of those consequences. | | 第十四條 【故意犯罪】明知自己的行為會發生危害社會的結果，並且希望或者放任這種結果發生，因而構成犯罪的，是故意犯罪。 |
| Criminal responsibility shall be borne for intentional crimes. | | 故意犯罪，應當負刑事責任。 |
| Article 15 . A negligent crime occurs when one should foresee that one's act may cause socially dangerous consequences but fails to do so because of carelessness or, having foreseen the consequences, readily assumes he can prevent them, with the result that these consequences occur. | | 第十五條 【過失犯罪】應當預見自己的行為可能發生危害社會的結果，因為疏忽大意而沒有預見，或者已經預見而輕信能夠避免，以致發生這種結果的，是過失犯罪。 |
| Criminal responsibility is to be borne for negligent crimes only when the law so stipulates. | | 過失犯罪，法律有規定的才負刑事責任。 |
| Article 16 . Although an act objectively creates harmful consequences, if it does not result from intent or negligence but rather stems from irresistible or unforeseeable causes, it is not a crime. | | 第十六條 【不可抗力和意外事件】行為在客觀上雖然造成了損害結果，但是不是出于故意或者過失，而是由于不能抗拒或者不能預見的原因所引起的，不是犯罪。 |
| Article 17 . Where a person who has attained the age of 16 commits a crime, the person shall assume criminal liability. | | 第十七條 【刑事責任年齡】已滿十六周歲的人犯罪，應當負刑事責任。 |
| Where a person who has attained the age of 14 but under the age of 16 commits a crime of intentional homicide, intentional infliction of bodily harm which has resulted in a serious injury to or death of another person, rape, robbery, drug trafficking, arson, explosion, or adding or releasing hazardous substances, the person shall assume criminal liability. | | 已滿十四周歲不滿十六周歲的人，犯故意殺人、故意傷害致人重傷或者死亡、強奸、搶劫、販賣毒品、放火、爆炸、投放危險物質罪的，應當負刑事責任。 |
| Where a person who has attained the age of 12 but under the age of 14 commits a crime of intentional homicide or intentional infliction of bodily harm, which has resulted in the death of another person or the serious disability of another person for the serious injury inflicted by especially cruel means, and the circumstances are execrable, the person shall assume criminal liability with the Supreme People's Procuratorate's affirmation of prosecution. | | 已滿十二周歲不滿十四周歲的人，犯故意殺人、故意傷害罪，致人死亡或者以特別殘忍手段致人重傷造成嚴重殘疾，情節惡劣，經最高人民檢察院核准追訴的，應當負刑事責任。 |
| A person under the age of 18 who is held criminally liable in accordance with the provisions of the preceding three paragraphs shall be given a lighter or mitigated punishment. | | 對依照前三款規定追究刑事責任的不滿十八周歲的人，應當從輕或者減輕處罰。 |
| Where a person is not given a criminal punishment because he or she has not attained the age of 16, his or her parents or any other guardian shall be ordered to discipline him or her; and when necessary, the person shall be subjected to specialized correctional education in accordance with the law. | | 因不滿十六周歲不予刑事處罰的，責令其父母或者其他監護人加以管教；在必要的時候，依法進行專門矯治教育。 |
| Article 17 (I) :A person attaining the age of 75 may be given a lighter or mitigated penalty if he commits an intentional crime; or shall be given a lighter or mitigated penalty if he commits a negligent crime. | | 第十七條之一 【刑事責任年齡】已滿七十五周歲的人故意犯罪的，可以從輕或者減輕處罰；過失犯罪的，應當從輕或者減輕處罰。 |
| Article 18 . A mentally ill person who causes dangerous consequences at a time when he is unable to recognize or unable to control his own conduct is not to bear criminal responsibility after being established through accreditation of legal procedures; but his family or guardian shall be ordered to subject him to strict surveillance and arrange for his medical treatment. When necessary, he will be given compulsory medical treatment by the government. | | 第十八條 【特殊人員的刑事責任能力】精神病人在不能辨認或者不能控制自己行為的時候造成危害結果，經法定程序鑒定確認的，不負刑事責任，但是應當責令他的家屬或者監護人嚴加看管和醫療；在必要的時候，由政府強制醫療。 |
| A person whose mental illness is of an intermittent nature shall bear criminal responsibility if he commits a crime during a period of mental normality. | | 間歇性的精神病人在精神正常的時候犯罪，應當負刑事責任。 |
| A mentally ill person who commits a crime at a time when he has not yet completely lost his ability to recognize or control his own conduct shall bear criminal responsibility but he may be given a lesser or a mitigated punishment. | | 尚未完全喪失辨認或者控制自己行為能力的精神病人犯罪的，應當負刑事責任，但是可以從輕或者減輕處罰。 |
| An intoxicated person who commits a crime shall bear criminal responsibility. | | 醉酒的人犯罪，應當負刑事責任。 |
| Article 19 . A deaf-mute or a blind person who commits a crime may be given a lesser punishment or a mitigated punishment or be exempted from punishment. | | 第十九條 【又聾又啞的人或盲人犯罪的刑事責任】又聾又啞的人或者盲人犯罪，可以從輕、減輕或者免除處罰。 |
| Article 20 . Criminal responsibility is not to be borne for an act of legitimate defense that is under taken to stop present unlawful infringement of the state's and public interest or the rights of the person, property or other rights of the actor or of other people and that causes harm to the unlawful infringer. | | 第二十條 【正當防衛】為了使國家、公共利益、本人或者他人的人身、財產和其他權利免受正在進行的不法侵害，而采取的制止不法侵害的行為，對不法侵害人造成損害的，屬于正當防衛，不負刑事責任。 |
| Criminal responsibility shall be borne where legitimate defense noticeably exceeds the necessary limits and causes great harm. However, consideration shall be given to imposing a mitigated punishment or to granting exemption from punishment. | | 正當防衛明顯超過必要限度造成重大損害的，應當負刑事責任，但是應當減輕或者免除處罰。 |
| Criminal responsibility is not to be borne for a defensive act undertaken against ongoing physical assault, murder, robbery, rape, kidnap, and other violent crimes that seriously endanger personal safety that causes injury or death to the unlawful infringer since such an act is not an excessive defense. | | 對正在進行行凶、殺人、搶劫、強奸、綁架以及其他嚴重危及人身安全的暴力犯罪，采取防衛行為，造成不法侵害人傷亡的，不屬于防衛過當，不負刑事責任。 |
| Article 21 . Criminal responsibility is not to be borne for damage resulting from an act of urgent danger prevention that must be undertaken in order to avert the occurrence of present danger to the state or public interest or the rights of the person, property rights, or other rights of the actor or of other people. | | 第二十一條 【緊急避險】為了使國家、公共利益、本人或者他人的人身、財產和其他權利免受正在發生的危險，不得已采取的緊急避險行為，造成損害的，不負刑事責任。 |
| Criminal responsibility shall be borne where urgent danger prevention exceeds the necessary limits and causes undue harm. However, consideration shall be given according to the circumstances to imposing a mitigated punishment or to granting exemption from punishment. | | 緊急避險超過必要限度造成不應有的損害的，應當負刑事責任，但是應當減輕或者免除處罰。 |
| The provisions of the first paragraph with respect to preventing danger to oneself do not apply to a person who bears specific responsibility in his post or profession. | | 第一款中關于避免本人危險的規定，不適用于職務上、業務上負有特定責任的人。 |
| Section 2 . Preparation for a Crime, Criminal Attempt and Discontinuation of a Crime | | 第二節 犯罪的預備、未遂和中止 |
| Article 22 . Preparation for a crime is preparation of the instruments or creation of the conditions for the commission of a crime. | | 第二十二條 【犯罪預備】為了犯罪，准備工具、制造條件的，是犯罪預備。 |
| One who prepares for a crime may, in comparison with one who consummates the crime, be given a lesser punishment or a mitigated punishment or be exempted from punishment. | | 對于預備犯，可以比照既遂犯從輕、減輕處罰或者免除處罰。 |
| Article 23 . Criminal attempt occurs when a crime has already begun to be carried out but is not consummated because of factors independent of the will of the criminal element. | | 第二十三條 【犯罪未遂】已經著手實行犯罪，由于犯罪分子意志以外的原因而未得逞的，是犯罪未遂。 |
| One who attempts to commit a crime may, in comparison with one who consummates the crime, be given a lesser punishment or a mitigated punishment. | | 對于未遂犯，可以比照既遂犯從輕或者減輕處罰。 |
| Article 24 . Discontinuation of a crime occurs when, during the process of committing a crime, the actor voluntarily discontinues the crime or voluntarily and effectively prevents the consequences of the crime from occurring. | | 第二十四條 【犯罪中止】在犯罪過程中，自動放棄犯罪或者自動有效地防止犯罪結果發生的，是犯罪中止。 |
| One who discontinues a crime shall be exempted from punishment when there is no harm done or be given a mitigated punishment when there is harm done. | | 對于中止犯，沒有造成損害的，應當免除處罰；造成損害的，應當減輕處罰。 |
| Section 3 . Joint Crimes | | 第三節 共同犯罪 |
| Article 25 . A joint crime is an intentional crime committed by two or more persons jointly. | | 第二十五條 【共同犯罪的概念】共同犯罪是指二人以上共同故意犯罪。 |
| A negligent crime committed by two or more persons jointly is not to be punished as a joint crime; those who should bear criminal responsibility are to be punished separately according to the crimes they have committed. | | 二人以上共同過失犯罪，不以共同犯罪論處；應當負刑事責任的，按照他們所犯的罪分別處罰。 |
| Article 26 . A principal offender is one who organizes and leads a criminal group in conducting criminal activities or plays a principal role in a joint crime. | | 第二十六條 【主犯】組織、領導犯罪集團進行犯罪活動的或者在共同犯罪中起主要作用的，是主犯。 |
| A crime syndicate is a more or less permanent crime organization composed of three or more persons for the purpose of jointly committing crimes. | | 三人以上為共同實施犯罪而組成的較為固定的犯罪組織，是犯罪集團。 |
| The head who organizes or leads a crime syndicate shall bear criminal responsibility for all the crimes committed by the syndicate. | | 對組織、領導犯罪集團的首要分子，按照集團所犯的全部罪行處罰。 |
| A principal offender other that the one stipulated in the third paragraph shall bear criminal responsibility for all the crimes he participated in, organized, or directed. | | 對于第三款規定以外的主犯，應當按照其所參與的或者組織、指揮的全部犯罪處罰。 |
| Article 27 . An accomplice is one who plays a secondary or supplementary role in a joint crime. | | 第二十七條 【從犯】在共同犯罪中起次要或者輔助作用的，是從犯。 |
| An accomplice shall, in comparison with a principal offender, be given a lesser punishment or a mitigated punishment or be exempted from punishment. | | 對于從犯，應當從輕、減輕處罰或者免除處罰。 |
| Article 28 . One who is coerced to participate in a crime shall, according to the circumstances of his crime, be given a mitigated punishment or be exempted from punishment. | | 第二十八條 【脅從犯】對于被脅迫參加犯罪的，應當按照他的犯罪情節減輕處罰或者免除處罰。 |
| Article 29 . One who instigates others to commit a crime shall be punished according to the role he plays in the joint crime. One who instigates a person under the age of eighteen to commit a crime shall be given a heavier punishment. | | 第二十九條 【教唆犯】教唆他人犯罪的，應當按照他在共同犯罪中所起的作用處罰。教唆不滿十八周歲的人犯罪的，應當從重處罰。 |
| If the instigated person does not commit the instigated crime, the instigator may be given a lesser punishment or a mitigated punishment. | | 如果被教唆的人沒有犯被教唆的罪，對于教唆犯，可以從輕或者減輕處罰。 |
| Section 4 . Crimes Committed by a Unit | | 第四節 單位犯罪 |
| Article 30 . A company, enterprise, institution, organization, or group which commits an act endangering society that is considered a crime under the law shall bear criminal responsibility. | | 第三十條 【單位負刑事責任的範圍】公司、企業、事業單位、機關、團體實施的危害社會的行為，法律規定為單位犯罪的，應當負刑事責任。 |
| Article 31 . A unit responsible for a criminal act shall be fined. The person in charge and other personnel who are directly responsible shall also bear criminal responsibility. Where there are other stipulations in the Special Provisions of this Law or other laws, those stipulations shall apply. | | 第三十一條 【單位犯罪的處罰原則】單位犯罪的，對單位判處罰金，並對其直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員判處刑罰。本法分則和其他法律另有規定的，依照規定。 |
| Chapter III Punishments | | 第三章 刑罰 |
| Section 1 . Types of Punishments | | 第一節 刑罰的種類 |
| Article 32 . Punishments are divided into principal punishments and supplementary punishments. | | 第三十二條 【主刑和附加刑】刑罰分為主刑和附加刑。 |
| Article 33 . The types of principal punishments are: | | 第三十三條 【主刑種類】主刑的種類如下： |
| (1) probation; | | （一）管制； |
| (2) limited incarceration; | | （二）拘役； |
| (3) fixed-term imprisonment; | | （三）有期徒刑； |
| (4) life imprisonment; and | | （四）無期徒刑； |
| (5) death penalty. | | （五）死刑。 |
| Article 34 . The types of supplementary punishments are: | | 第三十四條 【附加刑種類】附加刑的種類如下： |
| (1) Fines; | | （一）罰金； |
| (2) Deprivation of political rights; and | | （二）剝奪政治權利； |
| (3) Confiscation of property. | | （三）沒收財產。 |
| Supplementary punishments may also be applied independently. | | 附加刑也可以獨立適用。 |
| Article 35 . Deportation may be applied in an independent or supplementary manner to a foreigner who commits a crime. | | 第三十五條 【驅逐出境】對于犯罪的外國人，可以獨立適用或者附加適用驅逐出境。 |
| Article 36 . Where the victim has suffered economic loss as a result of a criminal act, the criminal element, in addition to receiving criminal sanctions according to law, shall in accordance with the circumstances be sentenced to make compensation for the economic loss. | | 第三十六條 【賠償經濟損失與民事優先原則】由于犯罪行為而使被害人遭受經濟損失的，對犯罪分子除依法給予刑事處罰外，並應根據情況判處賠償經濟損失。 |
| Where the criminal element bears responsibility for civil compensation and is also imposed a fine, if his property is not enough to pay the compensation and fine in full or if he has also been sentenced to confiscation of property, he shall first pay civil compensation to the victim. | | 承擔民事賠償責任的犯罪分子，同時被判處罰金，其財產不足以全部支付的，或者被判處沒收財產的，應當先承擔對被害人的民事賠償責任。 |
| Article 37 . Where the circumstances of a person's crime are minor and do not require sentencing for punishment, an exemption from criminal sanctions may be granted him, but he may, according to the different circumstances of each case, be reprimanded or ordered to make a statement of repentance or formal apology or make compensation for losses, or be subjected to administrative sanctions by the competent department. | | 第三十七條 【非刑罰性處置措施】對于犯罪情節輕微不需要判處刑罰的，可以免予刑事處罰，但是可以根據案件的不同情況，予以訓誡或者責令具結悔過、賠禮道歉、賠償損失，或者由主管部門予以行政處罰或者行政處分。 |
| Article 37 (I): Whoever is given a penalty due to a crime committed by taking advantage of his or her profession or a crime committed in violation of the specific obligations required by his or her profession may be prohibited by the people's court from engaging in the relevant profession for three to five years from the date when the penalty ends or the date when the person is released on parole in light of the circumstances of the crime committed and the need for preventing the commission of any other crime. | | 第三十七條之一 【禁業規定】因利用職業便利實施犯罪，或者實施違背職業要求的特定義務的犯罪被判處刑罰的，人民法院可以根據犯罪情況和預防再犯罪的需要，禁止其自刑罰執行完畢之日或者假釋之日起從事相關職業，期限為三年至五年。 |
| Where a person who is prohibited from engaging in the relevant profession violates the decision made by a people's court in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the person shall be given a penalty by the public security authority in accordance with the law and, if the circumstances are serious, be convicted and punished in accordance with the provisions of Article 313 of this Law. | | 被禁止從事相關職業的人違反人民法院依照前款規定作出的決定的，由公安機關依法給予處罰；情節嚴重的，依照本法第三百一十三條的規定定罪處罰。 |
| Where there are other prohibitive or restrictive provisions in any other law or administrative regulation on the person's engagement in the relevant profession, such provisions shall prevail. | | 其他法律、行政法規對其從事相關職業另有禁止或者限制性規定的，從其規定。 |
| Section 2 . Probation | | 第二節 管制 |
| Article 38 . The term of probation is not less than three months and not more than two years. | | 第三十八條 【管制的期限與執行機關】管制的期限，為三個月以上二年以下。 |
| In light of the crime committed, a convict sentenced to probation may also be prohibited from engaging in certain activities, entering certain areas or places or contacting certain persons during the term of execution. | | 判處管制，可以根據犯罪情況，同時禁止犯罪分子在執行期間從事特定活動，進入特定區域、場所，接觸特定的人。 |
| Criminals sentenced to probation shall be subject to community correction. | | 對判處管制的犯罪分子，依法實行社區矯正。 |
| Whoever violates a restraining order as provided for in paragraph 2 shall be punished in accordance with the Public Security Administrative Punishments Law of the People's Republic of China . | | 違反第二款規定的禁止令的，由公安機關依照《中華人民共和國治安管理處罰法》的規定處罰。 |
| Article 39 . A criminal element who is sentenced to probation must abide by the following rules during the term in which his probation is being carried out: | | 第三十九條 【被管制罪犯的義務與權利】被判處管制的犯罪分子，在執行期間，應當遵守下列規定： |
| (1) abide by laws and administrative regulations, submit himself to supervision; | | （一）遵守法律、行政法規，服從監督； |
| (2) shall not exercise the rights to freedom of speech, of the press, of assembly, of association, of procession, and of demonstration without the approval of the organ executing the probation; | | （二）未經執行機關批准，不得行使言論、出版、集會、結社、游行、示威自由的權利； |
| (3) report on his own activities pursuant to the rules of the organ executing the probation; | | （三）按照執行機關規定報告自己的活動情況； |
| (4) abide by the rules of the organ executing the probation for meeting visitors; | | （四）遵守執行機關關于會客的規定； |
| (5) report and obtain approval from the organ executing the probation for a change in residence or departure from the city or county. | | （五）離開所居住的市、縣或者遷居，應當報經執行機關批准。 |
| A criminal element who is sentenced to probation shall, while engaged in labor, receive equal pay for equal work. | | 對于被判處管制的犯罪分子，在勞動中應當同工同酬。 |
| Article 40 . Upon the expiration of the term of the probation, the organ executing the probation shall announce the termination of probation to the criminal element sentenced to probation and to the masses concerned. | | 第四十條 【管制期滿解除】被判處管制的犯罪分子，管制期滿，執行機關應即向本人和其所在單位或者居住地的群眾宣布解除管制。 |
| Article 41 . The term of probation is counted as commencing on the date the judgment begins to be executed; where custody has been employed before the judgment begins to be executed, the term is to be shortened by two days for each day spent in custody. | | 第四十一條 【管制刑期的計算和折抵】管制的刑期，從判決執行之日起計算；判決執行以前先行羈押的，羈押一日折抵刑期二日。 |
| Section 3 . Limited incarceration | | 第三節 拘役 |
| Article 42 . The term of limited incarceration is not less a month and not more than six months. | | 第四十二條 【拘役的期限】拘役的期限，為一個月以上六個月以下。 |
| Article 43 . A criminal element sentenced to limited incarceration is to have his sentence executed by the public security organ in the vicinity. | | 第四十三條 【拘役的執行】被判處拘役的犯罪分子，由公安機關就近執行。 |
| During the period of execution, a criminal element sentenced to limited incarceration may go home for one or two days each month; consideration may be given according to the circumstances to granting compensation to those who participate in labor. | | 在執行期間，被判處拘役的犯罪分子每月可以回家一天至兩天；參加勞動的，可以酌量發給報酬。 |
| Article 44 . The term of limited incarceration is counted as commencing on the date the judgment begins to be executed; where custody has been employed before the judgment, the term is to be shortened by one day for each day spent in custody. | | 第四十四條 【拘役刑期的計算和折抵】拘役的刑期，從判決執行之日起計算；判決執行以前先行羈押的，羈押一日折抵刑期一日。 |
| Section 4 . Fixed-Term Imprisonment And Life Imprisonment | | 第四節 有期徒刑、無期徒刑 |
| Article 45 . Except as otherwise provided in Articles 50 and 69 of this Law, the term of fixed-term imprisonment is not less than six months and not more than fifteen years. | | 第四十五條 【有期徒刑的期限】有期徒刑的期限，除本法第五十條、第六十九條規定外，為六個月以上十五年以下。 |
| Article 46 . A criminal element sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment or life imprisonment is to have his sentence executed in prison or in another organ executing the sentence; anyone with the ability to labor shall take part in labor, receive education, and undergo reform. | | 第四十六條 【有期徒刑與無期徒刑的執行】被判處有期徒刑、無期徒刑的犯罪分子，在監獄或者其他執行場所執行；凡有勞動能力的，都應當參加勞動，接受教育和改造。 |
| Article 47 . The term of fixed-term imprisonment is counted as commencing on the date the judgment begins to be executed; where custody has been employed before the judgment begins to be executed, the term is to be shortened by one day for each day spent in custody. | | 第四十七條 【有期徒刑刑期的計算與折抵】有期徒刑的刑期，從判決執行之日起計算；判決執行以前先行羈押的，羈押一日折抵刑期一日。 |
| Section 5 . Death Penalty | | 第五節 死刑 |
| Article 48 . The death penalty is only to be applied to criminal elements who commit the most heinous crimes. In the case of a criminal element who should be sentenced to death, if immediate execution is not essential, a two-year suspension of execution may be announced at the same time the sentence of death is imposed. | | 第四十八條 【死刑、死緩的適用對象及核准程序】死刑只適用于罪行極其嚴重的犯罪分子。對于應當判處死刑的犯罪分子，如果不是必須立即執行的，可以判處死刑同時宣告緩期二年執行。 |
| Except for judgments made by the Supreme People's Court according to law, all sentences of death shall be submitted to the Supreme People's Court for approval. Sentences of death with suspension of execution may be decided or approved by a high people's court. | | 死刑除依法由最高人民法院判決的以外，都應當報請最高人民法院核准。死刑緩期執行的，可以由高級人民法院判決或者核准。 |
| Article 49 . The death penalty is not to be applied to persons who have not reached the age of eighteen at the time the crime is committed or to women who are pregnant at the time of adjudication. | | 第四十九條 【死刑適用對象的限制】犯罪的時候不滿十八周歲的人和審判的時候懷孕的婦女，不適用死刑。 |
| The death penalty shall not be given to a person attaining the age of 75 at the time of trial, unless he has caused the death of another person by especially cruel means. | | 審判的時候已滿七十五周歲的人，不適用死刑，但以特別殘忍手段致人死亡的除外。 |
| Article 50 . Where a convict is sentenced to death with a reprieve, if he or she does not commit any intentional crime during the period of reprieve, the sentence shall be commuted to life imprisonment upon expiration of the two-year period; if he or she has any major meritorious performance, the sentence shall be commuted to imprisonment of 25 years upon expiration of the two-year period; if the criminal has committed an intentional crime with execrable circumstances, the death penalty shall be executed with the approval of the Supreme People's Court. If the crime is committed intentionally but the death penalty is not executed, the period of the death penalty with a reprieve shall be recalculated and be reported to the Supreme People's Court for recordation. | | 第五十條 【死緩變更】判處死刑緩期執行的，在死刑緩期執行期間，如果沒有故意犯罪，二年期滿以後，減為無期徒刑；如果確有重大立功表現，二年期滿以後，減為二十五年有期徒刑；如果故意犯罪，情節惡劣的，報請最高人民法院核准後執行死刑；對于故意犯罪未執行死刑的，死刑緩期執行的期間重新計算，並報最高人民法院備案。 |
| For a recidivist or a convict of murder, rape, robbery, abduction, arson, explosion, dissemination of hazardous substances or organized violence who is sentenced to death with a reprieve, the people's court may, in sentencing, decide to put restrictions on commutation of his sentence in light of the circumstances of the crime committed. | | 對被判處死刑緩期執行的累犯以及因故意殺人、強奸、搶劫、綁架、放火、爆炸、投放危險物質或者有組織的暴力性犯罪被判處死刑緩期執行的犯罪分子，人民法院根據犯罪情節等情況可以同時決定對其限制減刑。 |
| Article 51 . The term for suspending execution of a sentence of death is counted as commencing on the date the judgment becomes final. The term of a sentence that is reduced from the death penalty with suspension of execution to fixed-term imprisonment is counted as commencing on the date the suspension of execution expires. | | 第五十一條 【死緩期間及減為有期徒刑的刑期計算】死刑緩期執行的期間，從判決確定之日起計算。死刑緩期執行減為有期徒刑的刑期，從死刑緩期執行期滿之日起計算。 |
| Section 6 . Fines | | 第六節 罰金 |
| Article 52 . In imposing a fine, the amount of the fine shall be determined according to the circumstances of the crime. | | 第五十二條 【罰金數額的裁量】判處罰金，應當根據犯罪情節決定罰金數額。 |
| Article 53 . A fine shall be paid in a lump sum or in installments within the period specified in the judgment. The person who fails to pay the fine in full upon the expiration of the period shall be compelled to pay. If the person sentenced is unable to pay the fine in full, the people's court may collect whenever the person is found in possession of executable property. | | 第五十三條 【罰金的繳納】罰金在判決指定的期限內一次或者分期繳納。期滿不繳納的，強制繳納。對于不能全部繳納罰金的，人民法院在任何時候發現被執行人有可以執行的財產，應當隨時追繳。 |
| Where a person truly has difficulties in paying the fine because he or she due to irresistible calamity or any other reason, the people's court may render a ruling to postpone the payment of the fine, or grant a reduction or even exemption in light of the actual circumstances. | | 由于遭遇不能抗拒的災禍等原因繳納確實有困難的，經人民法院裁定，可以延期繳納、酌情減少或者免除。 |
| Section 7 . Deprivation of Political Rights | | 第七節 剝奪政治權利 |
| Article 54 . Deprivation of political rights is deprivation of the following rights: | | 第五十四條 【剝奪政治權利的含義】剝奪政治權利是剝奪下列權利： |
| (1) The right to elect and the right to be elected; | | （一）選舉權和被選舉權； |
| (2) the right to freedom of speech, of the press, of assembly, of association, of procession, and of demonstration; | | （二）言論、出版、集會、結社、游行、示威自由的權利； |
| (3) the right to hold a position in state organs; and | | （三）擔任國家機關職務的權利； |
| (4) the right to hold a leading position in a state-owned company, enterprise, or institution or people's organization. | | （四）擔任國有公司、企業、事業單位和人民團體領導職務的權利。 |
| Article 55 . The term of deprivation of political rights is not less than one year and not more than five years, except as otherwise stipulated in Article 57 of this Law. | | 第五十五條 【剝奪政治權利的期限】剝奪政治權利的期限，除本法第五十七條規定外，為一年以上五年以下。 |
| In situations where a person is sentenced to probation and to deprivation of political rights as a supplementary punishment, the term of deprivation of political rights is to be the same as the term of probation, and the punishments are to be executed at the same time. | | 判處管制附加剝奪政治權利的，剝奪政治權利的期限與管制的期限相等，同時執行。 |
| Article 56 . A criminal element endangering state security shall be sentenced to deprivation of political rights as a supplementary punishment; a criminal element guilty of murder, rape, arson, explosion, spreading poison, or robbery who seriously undermines social order may also be sentenced to deprivation of political rights as a supplementary punishment. | | 第五十六條 【剝奪政治權利的附加、獨立適用】對于危害國家安全的犯罪分子應當附加剝奪政治權利；對于故意殺人、強奸、放火、爆炸、投毒、搶劫等嚴重破壞社會秩序的犯罪分子，可以附加剝奪政治權利。 |
| Where deprivation of political rights is applied independently, stipulations in the Special Provisions of this Law shall be followed. | | 獨立適用剝奪政治權利的，依照本法分則的規定。 |
| Article 57 . A criminal element who is sentenced to death or to life imprisonment shall be deprived of political rights for life. | | 第五十七條 【對死刑、無期徒刑罪犯剝奪政治權利的適用】對于被判處死刑、無期徒刑的犯罪分子，應當剝奪政治權利終身。 |
| When the death penalty with a suspension of execution is reduced to fixed-term imprisonment, or life imprisonment is reduced to fixed-term imprisonment, the term of the supplementary punishment of deprivation of political rights shall be changed to not less than three years and not more than ten years. | | 在死刑緩期執行減為有期徒刑或者無期徒刑減為有期徒刑的時候，應當把附加剝奪政治權利的期限改為三年以上十年以下。 |
| Article 58 . The term of the supplementary punishment of deprivation of political rights is counted as commencing on the date that imprisonment or limited incarceration ends or on the date that parole begins; the deprivation of political rights is naturally to be effective during the period in which the principal punishment is being executed. | | 第五十八條 【剝奪政治權利的刑期計算、效力與執行】附加剝奪政治權利的刑期，從徒刑、拘役執行完畢之日或者從假釋之日起計算；剝奪政治權利的效力當然施用于主刑執行期間。 |
| A criminal element who is deprived of political rights shall abide by laws, administrative regulations, and relevant regulations on supervision and administration promulgated by public security departments under the State Council; submit to supervision; and is forbidden from exercising rights stipulated in Article 54 of this Law. | | 被剝奪政治權利的犯罪分子，在執行期間，應當遵守法律、行政法規和國務院公安部門有關監督管理的規定，服從監督；不得行使本法第五十四條規定的各項權利。 |
| Section 8 . Confiscation of Property | | 第八節 沒收財產 |
| Article 59 . Confiscation of property is the confiscation of part or all of the property personally owned by the criminal element. Where all of the property personally owned by the criminal element is confiscated, living expenses shall be set aside for the criminal element himself and the dependents he supports. | | 第五十九條 【沒收財產的範圍】沒收財產是沒收犯罪分子個人所有財產的一部或者全部。沒收全部財產的，應當對犯罪分子個人及其扶養的家屬保留必需的生活費用。 |
| When a sentence of confiscation of property is imposed, property that belongs to or should belong to family members of the criminal element may not be confiscated. | | 在判處沒收財產的時候，不得沒收屬于犯罪分子家屬所有或者應有的財產。 |
| Article 60 . Where it is necessary to use the confiscated property to repay legitimate debts incurred by the criminal element before the property was confiscated, the debts shall be paid at the request of the creditors. | | 第六十條 【以沒收的財產償還債務】沒收財產以前犯罪分子所負的正當債務，需要以沒收的財產償還的，經債權人請求，應當償還。 |
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| Chapter IV The Concrete Application Of Punishments | | 第四章 刑罰的具體運用 |
| Section 1 . Sentencing | | 第一節 量刑 |
| Article 61 . When deciding the punishment of a criminal element, the sentence shall be imposed on the basis of the facts of the crime, the nature and circumstances of the crime, and the degree of harm to society, in accordance with the relevant stipulations of this law. | | 第六十一條 【量刑的一般原則】對于犯罪分子決定刑罰的時候，應當根據犯罪的事實、犯罪的性質、情節和對于社會的危害程度，依照本法的有關規定判處。 |
| Article 62 . Where the circumstances of a criminal element are such as to give him a heavier punishment or a lesser punishment under the stipulations of this law, he shall be sentenced to a punishment within the legally prescribed limits of punishment. | | 第六十二條 【從重處罰與從輕處罰】犯罪分子具有本法規定的從重處罰、從輕處罰情節的，應當在法定刑的限度以內判處刑罰。 |
| Article 63 . Where there is any circumstance of mitigation of penalty, a convict shall be given a penalty below the statutory penalty; and if there are two or more ranges of sentencing under this Law, the penalty shall be given within the range next lower to the statutory range. | | 第六十三條 【減輕處罰】犯罪分子具有本法規定的減輕處罰情節的，應當在法定刑以下判處刑罰；本法規定有數個量刑幅度的，應當在法定量刑幅度的下一個量刑幅度內判處刑罰。 |
| Although the circumstances of a criminal element do not warrant giving him a mitigated punishment under the stipulations of this law, he too may be sentenced to a punishment below the legally prescribed punishment based on the special situation of the case and with the approval of the Supreme People's Court. | | 犯罪分子雖然不具有本法規定的減輕處罰情節，但是根據案件的特殊情況，經最高人民法院核准，也可以在法定刑以下判處刑罰。 |
| Article 64 . All articles of property illegally obtained by the criminal element shall be recovered or he shall be ordered to make restitution or pay compensation for them. The legitimate property of the victims shall be promptly returned. Contraband and articles of the criminal's own property used for committing the crime shall be confiscated. Articles of confiscated property and fines shall be handed over to the national treasury and shall not be diverted or otherwise disposed of. | | 第六十四條 【犯罪物品的處理】犯罪分子違法所得的一切財物，應當予以追繳或者責令退賠；對被害人的合法財產，應當及時返還；違禁品和供犯罪所用的本人財物，應當予以沒收。沒收的財物和罰金，一律上繳國庫，不得挪用和自行處理。 |
| Section 2 . Recidivists | | 第二節 累犯 |
| Article 65 . Where a convict sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment or a heavier penalty commits again a crime for which a fixed-term imprisonment or a heavier penalty shall be given within five years after finishing serving his sentence or being pardoned, he shall be a recidivist and be given a heavier penalty, unless it is a negligent crime or he commits the crime under the age of 18. | | 第六十五條 【一般累犯】被判處有期徒刑以上刑罰的犯罪分子，刑罰執行完畢或者赦免以後，在五年以內再犯應當判處有期徒刑以上刑罰之罪的，是累犯，應當從重處罰，但是過失犯罪和不滿十八周歲的人犯罪的除外。 |
| In situations where a criminal element is granted a parole, the period stipulated in the preceding paragraph is to be counted as commencing on the date of expiration of the parole. | | 前款規定的期限，對于被假釋的犯罪分子，從假釋期滿之日起計算。 |
| Article 66 . A convict of jeopardizing the national security, terrorist activities or organized crime of a gangland nature shall be punished as a recidivist for any of such crimes committed again by him at any time after he finishes serving his sentence or is pardoned. | | 第六十六條 【特別累犯】危害國家安全犯罪、恐怖活動犯罪、黑社會性質的組織犯罪的犯罪分子，在刑罰執行完畢或者赦免以後，在任何時候再犯上述任一類罪的，都以累犯論處。 |
| Section 3 . Voluntary Surrender and Meritorious Service | | 第三節 自首和立功 |
| Article 67 . The act of voluntarily giving oneself up to the police and giving a true account of one's crime after committing it is an act of voluntary surrender. Criminal elements who voluntarily surrender may be given a lesser punishment or a mitigated punishment. Those among them whose crimes are relatively minor may be exempted from punishment. | | 第六十七條 【自首】犯罪以後自動投案，如實供述自己的罪行的，是自首。對于自首的犯罪分子，可以從輕或者減輕處罰。其中，犯罪較輕的，可以免除處罰。 |
| Where criminal suspects, defendants, and criminals serving sentences give a true account of their other crimes which are not known to the judicial organ, their actions are regarded as an act of voluntary surrender. | | 被采取強制措施的犯罪嫌疑人、被告人和正在服刑的罪犯，如實供述司法機關還未掌握的本人其他罪行的，以自首論。 |
| A criminal suspect who truthfully confesses to his crime may be given a lighter penalty although there is no voluntary surrender as mentioned in the preceding two paragraphs; and may be given a mitigated penalty if any especially serious consequence is avoided for his truthful confession. | | 犯罪嫌疑人雖不具有前兩款規定的自首情節，但是如實供述自己罪行的，可以從輕處罰；因其如實供述自己罪行，避免特別嚴重後果發生的，可以減輕處罰。 |
| Article 68 . Criminal elements who perform meritorious service by exposing other people's crimes that can be verified or who provide important clues leading the cracking of other cases may be given a lesser punishment or a mitigated punishment. Those who performed major meritorious service may be given a mitigated punishment or may be exempted from punishment. | | 第六十八條 【立功】犯罪分子有揭發他人犯罪行為，查證屬實的，或者提供重要線索，從而得以偵破其他案件等立功表現的，可以從輕或者減輕處罰；有重大立功表現的，可以減輕或者免除處罰。 |
| Section 4 . Combined Punishment For More Than One Crime | | 第四節 數罪並罰 |
| Article 69 . Where a person is convicted of more than one crime before a sentence is pronounced, except for the death penalty or life imprisonment, the term of criminal penalty to be executed shall be decided in light of the actual circumstances below the sum of terms but above the highest term of the imposed criminal penalties; however, the decided term of probation shall not exceed three years, the decided term of limited incarceration shall not exceed one year, and the decided fixed-term imprisonment shall not exceed 20 years if the sum of terms of fixed-term imprisonment is less than 35 years or shall not exceed 25 years if the sum of terms is 35 years or more. | | 第六十九條 【數罪並罰的一般原則】判決宣告以前一人犯數罪的，除判處死刑和無期徒刑的以外，應當在總和刑期以下、數刑中最高刑期以上，酌情決定執行的刑期，但是管制最高不能超過三年，拘役最高不能超過一年，有期徒刑總和刑期不滿三十五年的，最高不能超過二十年，總和刑期在三十五年以上的，最高不能超過二十五年。 |
| If, for the plural crimes, imprisonment and limited incarceration shall be imposed, the imprisonment shall be executed. If imprisonment and surveillance, or limited incarceration and surveillance, shall be imposed for the plural crimes, surveillance shall still be executed after imprisonment or limited incarceration is executed. | | 數罪中有判處有期徒刑和拘役的，執行有期徒刑。數罪中有判處有期徒刑和管制，或者拘役和管制的，有期徒刑、拘役執行完畢後，管制仍須執行。 |
| If there are accessory penalties imposed for the crimes, the accessory penalties must still be executed. Accessory penalties of the same kind shall be executed on a consolidated basis, while those of different kinds shall be executed separately. | | 數罪中有判處附加刑的，附加刑仍須執行，其中附加刑種類相同的，合並執行，種類不同的，分別執行。 |
| Article 70 . If, after judgment has been pronounced but before the punishment has been completely executed, it is discovered that, before judgment was pronounced, the sentenced criminal element committed another crime for which he has not been sentenced, a judgment shall be rendered for the newly-discovered crime, and the punishment to be executed for the punishments sentenced in the two, former and latter, judgments decided according to the stipulations of Article 69 of this law. The term that has already been executed shall be counted in the term decided by the new judgment. | | 第七十條 【判決宣告後發現漏罪的並罰】判決宣告以後，刑罰執行完畢以前，發現被判刑的犯罪分子在判決宣告以前還有其他罪沒有判決的，應當對新發現的罪作出判決，把前後兩個判決所判處的刑罰，依照本法第六十九條的規定，決定執行的刑罰。已經執行的刑期，應當計算在新判決決定的刑期以內。 |
| Article 71 . If after judgment has been pronounced but before the punishment has been completely executed the sentenced criminal element again commits a crime, a judgment shall be rendered for the newly-committed crime, and the punishment to be executed for the punishment that has not been executed for the former crime and the punishment imposed for the latter crime decided according to the stipulations of Article 69 of this law. | | 第七十一條 【判決宣告後又犯新罪的並罰】判決宣告以後，刑罰執行完畢以前，被判刑的犯罪分子又犯罪的，應當對新犯的罪作出判決，把前罪沒有執行的刑罰和後罪所判處的刑罰，依照本法第六十九條的規定，決定執行的刑罰。 |
| Section 5 . Suspension of Sentence | | 第五節 緩刑 |
| Article 72 . Where a convict sentenced to limited incarceration or imprisonment of not more than 3 years meets the following conditions, a probation may be announced, and a probation shall be announced if he is under the age of 18, is pregnant or attains the age of 75: | | 第七十二條 【適用條件】對于被判處拘役、三年以下有期徒刑的犯罪分子，同時符合下列條件的，可以宣告緩刑，對其中不滿十八周歲的人、懷孕的婦女和已滿七十五周歲的人，應當宣告緩刑： |
| (1) The circumstances of the crime are minor; | | （一）犯罪情節較輕； |
| (2) He shows repentance; | | （二）有悔罪表現； |
| (3) He is not likely to commit any offense again; and | | （三）沒有再犯罪的危險； |
| (4) Announcing the probation will not have any major adverse impact on the community where he lives. | | （四）宣告緩刑對所居住社區沒有重大不良影響。 |
| When probation is announced, in light of the crime committed, the convict may also be prohibited from engaging in certain activities, entering certain areas or places or contacting certain persons during probation. | | 宣告緩刑，可以根據犯罪情況，同時禁止犯罪分子在緩刑考驗期限內從事特定活動，進入特定區域、場所，接觸特定的人。 |
| If there is any accessory penalty imposed on a convict on probation, the accessory penalty must still be executed. | | 被宣告緩刑的犯罪分子，如果被判處附加刑，附加刑仍須執行。 |
| Article 73 . The probation period for suspension of limited incarceration is to be not less than the term originally decided and not more than one year, but it may not be less than two months. | | 第七十三條 【考驗期限】拘役的緩刑考驗期限為原判刑期以上一年以下，但是不能少于二個月。 |
| The probation period for suspension of fixed-term imprisonment is to be not less than the term originally decided and not more than five years, but it may not be less than one year. | | 有期徒刑的緩刑考驗期限為原判刑期以上五年以下，但是不能少于一年。 |
| The probation period for suspension is to be counted as commencing on the date the judgment becomes final. | | 緩刑考驗期限，從判決確定之日起計算。 |
| Article 74 . Probation shall not apply to recidivists and ringleaders of criminal gangs. | | 第七十四條 【累犯不適用緩刑】對于累犯和犯罪集團的首要分子，不適用緩刑。 |
| Article 75 . A criminal element for whom a suspension of sentence has been pronounced shall observe the following stipulations: | | 第七十五條 【緩刑犯應遵守的規定】被宣告緩刑的犯罪分子，應當遵守下列規定： |
| (1) observing the law and administrative statutes and accepting supervision; | | （一）遵守法律、行政法規，服從監督； |
| (2) reporting his activities in accordance with the stipulation of the observing organ; | | （二）按照考察機關的規定報告自己的活動情況； |
| (3) following the observing organ's stipulation on meeting visitors; | | （三）遵守考察機關關于會客的規定； |
| (4) reporting and applying to the observing organ for approval before leaving or moving from the city or county of residence. | | （四）離開所居住的市、縣或者遷居，應當報經考察機關批准。 |
| Article 76 . A convict on probation shall be subject to community correction during probation, and if none of the circumstances as set out in Article 77 of this Law occurs, the original sentence shall no longer be executed upon expiration of probation, which shall be announced to the public. | | 第七十六條 【緩刑的考驗及其積極後果】對宣告緩刑的犯罪分子，在緩刑考驗期限內，依法實行社區矯正，如果沒有本法第七十七條規定的情形，緩刑考驗期滿，原判的刑罰就不再執行，並公開予以宣告。 |
| Article 77 . If a criminal element for whom a suspension of sentence has been pronounced commits new crimes during the probation period for suspension or is discovered that, before judgment was pronounced, the sentenced criminal element committed another crime for which he has not been sentenced, the suspension is to be revoked and the punishment to be executed for the punishments imposed for the former and latter crimes is to be decided according to the stipulations of Article 69 of this law. | | 第七十七條 【緩刑的撤銷及其處理】被宣告緩刑的犯罪分子，在緩刑考驗期限內犯新罪或者發現判決宣告以前還有其他罪沒有判決的，應當撤銷緩刑，對新犯的罪或者新發現的罪作出判決，把前罪和後罪所判處的刑罰，依照本法第六十九條的規定，決定執行的刑罰。 |
| Where a convict on probation violates any provision of laws, administrative regulations or the relevant department of the State Council on probation supervision and management or violates any restraining order in the judgment of the people's court during probation, if the circumstances are serious, the probation shall be revoked and the original sentence shall be executed. | | 被宣告緩刑的犯罪分子，在緩刑考驗期限內，違反法律、行政法規或者國務院有關部門關于緩刑的監督管理規定，或者違反人民法院判決中的禁止令，情節嚴重的，應當撤銷緩刑，執行原判刑罰。 |
| Section 6 . Reduction of Sentence | | 第六節 減刑 |
| Article 78 . A criminal element who is sentenced to probation, limited incarceration, fixed-term imprisonment or life imprisonment may have his sentence reduced if, during the period his punishment is being executed, he earnestly observes prison regulations, accepts reform through education, truly repents, or performs meritorious service. The sentence shall be reduced if any of the following meritorious services are performed: | | 第七十八條 【減刑條件與限度】被判處管制、拘役、有期徒刑、無期徒刑的犯罪分子，在執行期間，如果認真遵守監規，接受教育改造，確有悔改表現的，或者有立功表現的，可以減刑；有下列重大立功表現之一的，應當減刑： |
| (1) preventing someone from engaging in major criminal activities; | | （一）阻止他人重大犯罪活動的； |
| (2) informing on major criminal activities in or outside the prison that can be verified; | | （二）檢舉監獄內外重大犯罪活動，經查證屬實的； |
| (3) making inventions or major technological renovations; | | （三）有發明創造或者重大技術革新的； |
| (4) risking his life to save others in day-to-day production activities and life; | | （四）在日常生產、生活中舍己救人的； |
| (5) performing outstanding service in combating natural disaster or preventing major accidents; | | （五）在抗禦自然災害或者排除重大事故中，有突出表現的； |
| (6) making other major contributions to the state or society. | | （六）對國家和社會有其他重大貢獻的。 |
| After commutation, the actually executed term of criminal penalty shall not be: | | 減刑以後實際執行的刑期不能少于下列期限： |
| (1) less than 1/2 of the original term of criminal penalty, if probation, limited incarceration or fixed-term imprisonment is imposed; | | （一）判處管制、拘役、有期徒刑的，不能少于原判刑期的二分之一； |
| (2) less than 13 years, if life imprisonment is imposed; or | | （二）判處無期徒刑的，不能少于十三年； |
| (3) less than 25 years if the death penalty with a reprieve imposed on a convict is legally commuted to life imprisonment upon expiration of the reprieve period, or less than 20 years if it is commuted to imprisonment of 25 years upon expiration of the reprieve period, where the people's court has put restrictions on commutation of the death penalty with a reprieve according to paragraph 2, Article 50 of this Law. | | （三）人民法院依照本法第五十條第二款規定限制減刑的死刑緩期執行的犯罪分子，緩期執行期滿後依法減為無期徒刑的，不能少于二十五年，緩期執行期滿後依法減為二十五年有期徒刑的，不能少于二十年。 |
| Article 79 . To receive reductions of sentence for criminal elements, the organ executing the sentence shall submit letters of sentence reduction proposal to the people's court at or above the intermediate level. The people's court shall form a collegial panel to examine the proposals and to issue sentence reduction orders for those who demonstrate true repentance and performed meritorious service. | | 第七十九條 【減刑程序】對于犯罪分子的減刑，由執行機關向中級以上人民法院提出減刑建議書。人民法院應當組成合議庭進行審理，對確有悔改或者立功事實的，裁定予以減刑。非經法定程序不得減刑。 |
| Article 80 . The term of fixed-term imprisonment that is reduced from life imprisonment is counted as commencing on the date of the order reducing the sentence; no sentence reduction shall be made without due legal process. | | 第八十條 【無期徒刑減刑的刑期計算】無期徒刑減為有期徒刑的刑期，從裁定減刑之日起計算。 |
| Section 7 . Parole | | 第七節 假釋 |
| Article 81 . Where a convict sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment has served not less than half of the term of his original sentence, or a convict sentenced to life imprisonment has actually served not less than 13 years of imprisonment, he may be paroled if he earnestly observes the prison rules, accepts reform through education and shows true repentance and is not likely to commit any crime again. Under special circumstances, with the approval of the Supreme People's Court, a parole may be granted without regard to the above restrictions on the term served. | | 第八十一條 【假釋的適用條件】被判處有期徒刑的犯罪分子，執行原判刑期二分之一以上，被判處無期徒刑的犯罪分子，實際執行十三年以上，如果認真遵守監規，接受教育改造，確有悔改表現，沒有再犯罪的危險的，可以假釋。如果有特殊情況，經最高人民法院核准，可以不受上述執行刑期的限制。 |
| No parole shall be granted to a recidivist or a convict sentenced to imprisonment of not less than 10 years or life imprisonment for murder, rape, robbery, abduction, arson, explosion, dissemination of hazardous substances or organized violent crime. | | 對累犯以及因故意殺人、強奸、搶劫、綁架、放火、爆炸、投放危險物質或者有組織的暴力性犯罪被判處十年以上有期徒刑、無期徒刑的犯罪分子，不得假釋。 |
| When a parole decision is made on a convict, the impact of his release on parole on the community where he lives shall be considered. | | 對犯罪分子決定假釋時，應當考慮其假釋後對所居住社區的影響。 |
| Article 82 . The granting of parole to criminal elements shall be carried out in accordance with the procedures stipulated in Article 79 of this law; no parole shall be granted without due legal process. | | 第八十二條 【假釋的程序】對于犯罪分子的假釋，依照本法第七十九條規定的程序進行。非經法定程序不得假釋。 |
| Article 83 . The probation period for parole in the case of fixed-term imprisonment is the term that has not been completed; the probation period for parole in the case of life imprisonment is 10 years. | | 第八十三條 【假釋的考驗期限】有期徒刑的假釋考驗期限，為沒有執行完畢的刑期；無期徒刑的假釋考驗期限為十年。 |
| The probation period for parole is counted as commencing on the date of parole. | | 假釋考驗期限，從假釋之日起計算。 |
| Article 84 . Criminal elements granted parole shall observe the following stipulations: | | 第八十四條 【假釋犯應遵守的規定】被宣告假釋的犯罪分子，應當遵守下列規定： |
| (1) observing the law and administrative statutes and accepting supervision; | | （一）遵守法律、行政法規，服從監督； |
| (2) reporting his activities in accordance with the stipulation of the supervising organ; | | （二）按照監督機關的規定報告自己的活動情況； |
| (3) observing the supervising organ's stipulation on meeting visitors; | | （三）遵守監督機關關于會客的規定； |
| (4) reporting and applying to the observing organ for approval before leaving or moving from the city or county of residence. | | （四）離開所居住的市、縣或者遷居，應當報經監督機關批准。 |
| Article 85 . A convict released on parole shall be subject to community correction during parole according to law, and if none of the circumstances as set out in Article 86 of this Law occurs, the original sentence shall be deemed to have been fully served upon expiration of parole, which shall be announced to the public. | | 第八十五條 【假釋考驗及其積極後果】對假釋的犯罪分子，在假釋考驗期限內，依法實行社區矯正，如果沒有本法第八十六條規定的情形，假釋考驗期滿，就認為原判刑罰已經執行完畢，並公開予以宣告。 |
| Article 86 . If, during the probation period for parole, a criminal element commits any further crime, the parole is to be revoked and the punishment is to be executed for the punishment that has not been executed for the former crime and the punishment imposed for the latter crime decided according to the stipulations of Article 71 of this law. | | 第八十六條 【假釋的撤銷及其處理】被假釋的犯罪分子，在假釋考驗期限內犯新罪，應當撤銷假釋，依照本法第七十一條的規定實行數罪並罰。 |
| If a criminal who is granted parole is discovered to have committed, before the judgment is pronounced, other crimes for which no punishment is imposed, the parole shall be revoked and a combined punishment for several crimes shall be given according to the provisions of Article 70 of this Law. | | 在假釋考驗期限內，發現被假釋的犯罪分子在判決宣告以前還有其他罪沒有判決的，應當撤銷假釋，依照本法第七十條的規定實行數罪並罰。 |
| Where a convict released on parole violates any provision of laws, administrative regulations or the relevant department of the State Council on parole supervision and management during parole, if it does not constitute a new crime, his parole shall be revoked under statutory procedures, and he shall be taken into custody to serve his remaining term of sentence. | | 被假釋的犯罪分子，在假釋考驗期限內，有違反法律、行政法規或者國務院有關部門關于假釋的監督管理規定的行為，尚未構成新的犯罪的，應當依照法定程序撤銷假釋，收監執行未執行完畢的刑罰。 |
| Section 8 . Limitation | | 第八節 時效 |
| Article 87 . Crimes are not to be prosecuted where the following periods have elapsed: | | 第八十七條 【追訴時效期限】犯罪經過下列期限不再追訴： |
| (1) in cases where the maximum legally-prescribed punishment is fixed-term imprisonment of less than five years, where five years have elapsed; | | （一）法定最高刑為不滿五年有期徒刑的，經過五年； |
| (2) in cases where the maximum legally-prescribed punishment is fixed-term imprisonment of not less than five years and less than ten years, where ten years have elapsed. | | （二）法定最高刑為五年以上不滿十年有期徒刑的，經過十年； |
| (3) in cases where the maximum fixed-term imprisonment is not less than ten years, where fifteen years have elapsed. | | （三）法定最高刑為十年以上有期徒刑的，經過十五年； |
| (4) in cases where the maximum legally-prescribed punishment is life-imprisonment or death, where twenty Years have elapsed. If it is considered that a crime must be prosecuted after twenty years, the matter must be submitted to the Supreme People's Procuratorate for approval. | | （四）法定最高刑為無期徒刑、死刑的，經過二十年。如果二十年以後認為必須追訴的，須報請最高人民檢察院核准。 |
| Article 88 . No limitation on the period for prosecution is to be imposed in cases where, after the people's procuratorates, public security organs, or state security organs have filed to investigate or after the people' s courts have decided to hear the cases, the criminal element escapes from investigation or adjudication. | | 第八十八條 【追訴期限的延長】在人民檢察院、公安機關、國家安全機關立案偵查或者在人民法院受理案件以後，逃避偵查或者審判的，不受追訴期限的限制。 |
| No limitation on the period for prosecution is to be imposed in cases where, after the victims filed charges within the period for prosecution, the people' s court, people's procuratorates, or public security organs refused to file for investigation as they should. | | 被害人在追訴期限內提出控告，人民法院、人民檢察院、公安機關應當立案而不予立案的，不受追訴期限的限制。 |
| Article 89 . The period for prosecution is counted as commencing on the date of the crime; if the criminal act is of a continuous or continuing nature, it is counted as commencing on the date the criminal act is completed. | | 第八十九條 【追訴期限的計算與中斷】追訴期限從犯罪之日起計算；犯罪行為有連續或者繼續狀態的，從犯罪行為終了之日起計算。 |
| If any further crime is committed during the period for prosecution, the period for prosecution of the former crime is counted as commencing on the date of the latter crime. | | 在追訴期限以內又犯罪的，前罪追訴的期限從犯後罪之日起計算。 |
| Chapter V Other Provisions | | 第五章 其他規定 |
| Article 90 . In situations where the autonomous areas inhabited by ethnic groups cannot completely apply the stipulations of this law, the people's congresses of the autonomous regions or of the provinces may formulate alternative or supplementary provisions based upon the political, economic, and cultural characteristics of the local ethnic groups and the basic principles of the stipulations of this law, and these provisions shall go into effect after they have been submitted to and approved by the National People's Congress Standing Committee. | | 第九十條 【民族自治地方刑法適用的變通】民族自治地方不能全部適用本法規定的，可以由自治區或者省的人民代表大會根據當地民族的政治、經濟、文化的特點和本法規定的基本原則，制定變通或者補充的規定，報請全國人民代表大會常務委員會批准施行。 |
| Article 91 . The term "public property" in this law refers to the following property: | | 第九十一條 【公共財產的範圍】本法所稱公共財產，是指下列財產： |
| (1) property owned by the state; | | （一）國有財產； |
| (2) property owned collectively by the laboring masses; | | （二）勞動群眾集體所有的財產； |
| (3) public donations to be used for aiding the poor and other public services, or property of special funds. | | （三）用于扶貧和其他公益事業的社會捐助或者專項基金的財產。 |
| Private property that is being managed, used or transported by state organs, state-owned corporations, enterprises, collective enterprises, and people's organizations is to be treated as public property. | | 在國家機關、國有公司、企業、集體企業和人民團體管理、使用或者運輸中的私人財產，以公共財產論。 |
| Article 92 . The term "citizens' private property" in this law refers to the following property: | | 第九十二條 【公民私人所有財產的範圍】本法所稱公民私人所有的財產，是指下列財產： |
| (1) citizens' lawful income, savings, houses and other means of livelihood; | | （一）公民的合法收入、儲蓄、房屋和其他生活資料； |
| (2) means of production that are under individual or family ownership according to law; | | （二）依法歸個人、家庭所有的生產資料； |
| (3) lawful property of independent businesses and private enterprises; | | （三）個體戶和私營企業的合法財產； |
| (4) shares, stocks, securities and other property that are under individual ownership according to law. | | （四）依法歸個人所有的股份、股票、債券和其他財產。 |
| Article 93 . The term "state personnel" in this law refers to all personnel of state organs. | | 第九十三條 【國家工作人員的範圍】本法所稱國家工作人員，是指國家機關中從事公務的人員。 |
| Personnel engaged in public service in state-owned corporations, enterprises, institutions, and people's organizations; and personnel which state organs, state-owned corporations, enterprises, and institutions assign to engage in public service in non state-owned corporations, enterprises, institutions, and social organizations; as well as other working personnel engaged in public service according to the law, are to be treated as state personnel. | | 國有公司、企業、事業單位、人民團體中從事公務的人員和國家機關、國有公司、企業、事業單位委派到非國有公司、企業、事業單位、社會團體從事公務的人員，以及其他依照法律從事公務的人員，以國家工作人員論。 |
| Article 94 . The term "judicial personnel" in this law refers to personnel engaged in the functions of investigating, prosecuting, adjudicating, supervising and controlling offenders. | | 第九十四條 【司法工作人員的範圍】本法所稱司法工作人員，是指有偵查、檢察、審判、監管職責的工作人員。 |
| Article 95 . The term "serious injury" in this law refers to any one of the following injuries: | | 第九十五條 【重傷】本法所稱重傷，是指有下列情形之一的傷害： |
| (1) injuries resulting in loss of the use of a person's limbs or disfigurement; | | （一）使人肢體殘廢或者毀人容貌的； |
| (2) injuries resulting in loss of the use of a person's hearing, sight, or functions of any other organ; or | | （二）使人喪失聽覺、視覺或者其他器官機能的； |
| (3) other injuries that cause grave harm to a person's physical health. | | （三）其他對于人身健康有重大傷害的。 |
| Article 96 . The phrase "violating state stipulations" in this law refers to violation of laws and decisions formulated by the National People's Congress or the National People's Congress Standing Committee; and administrative measures prescribed in administrative ordinance and regulations formulated by the State Council; as well as decisions and decrees the State Council promulgated. | | 第九十六條 【違反國家規定之含義】本法所稱違反國家規定，是指違反全國人民代表大會及其常務委員會制定的法律和決定，國務院制定的行政法規、規定的行政措施、發布的決定和命令。 |
| Article 97 . The term "ringleader" in this law refers to a criminal element who plays the role of organizing, planning or directing a criminal group or a crowd assembled to commit a crime. | | 第九十七條 【首要分子的範圍】本法所稱首要分子，是指在犯罪集團或者聚眾犯罪中起組織、策劃、指揮作用的犯罪分子。 |
| Article 98 . The phrase "To be handled only upon complaint" in this law refers to handling a case only when the victim files a complaint. If the victim is unable to file a complaint because of coercion or intimidation, a people's procuratorate and the victim's close relatives may also file the complaint. | | 第九十八條 【告訴才處理的含義】本法所稱告訴才處理，是指被害人告訴才處理。如果被害人因受強制、威嚇無法告訴的，人民檢察院和被害人的近親屬也可以告訴。 |
| Article 99 . Such phrases as "not less than," "not more than" and "within" in this law all include the given figure. | | 第九十九條 【以上、以下、以內之界定】本法所稱以上、以下、以內，包括本數。 |
| Article 100 . When people join the military, or seek employment, those who received criminal punishments according to law shall factually report to the relevant units the punishments they had received and may not conceal them. | | 第一百條 【前科報告制度】依法受過刑事處罰的人，在入伍、就業的時候，應當如實向有關單位報告自己曾受過刑事處罰，不得隱瞞。 |
| Whoever is given a penalty lighter than imprisonment of 5 years for a crime committed under the age of 18 shall be exempted from the reporting obligation as mentioned in the preceding paragraph. | | 犯罪的時候不滿十八周歲被判處五年有期徒刑以下刑罰的人，免除前款規定的報告義務。 |
| Article 101 . The General Provisions of this law are applicable to other laws and decrees with stipulations for criminal punishments, but other laws having special stipulations are exceptions. | | 第一百零一條 【總則的效力】本法總則適用于其他有刑罰規定的法律，但是其他法律有特別規定的除外。 |
| Part II Special Provisions | | 第二編 分則 |
| Chapter I Crimes of Endangering National Security | | 第一章 危害國家安全罪 |
| Article 102 . Whoever colludes with foreign states in plotting to harm the motherland's sovereignty, territorial integrity and security is to be sentenced to life imprisonment or not less than ten years of fixed-term imprisonment. | | 第一百零二條 【背叛國家罪】勾結外國，危害中華人民共和國的主權、領土完整和安全的，處無期徒刑或者十年以上有期徒刑。 |
| Whoever commits the crimes in the preceding paragraph in collusion with institutions, organization, or individuals outside the country shall be punished according to the stipulations in the preceding paragraph. | | 與境外機構、組織、個人相勾結，犯前款罪的，依照前款的規定處罰。 |
| Article 103 . Whoever organizes, plots, or acts to split the country or undermine national unification, the ringleader, or the one whose crime is grave, is to be sentenced to life imprisonment or not less than ten years of fixed-term imprisonment; other active participants are to be sentenced to not less than three but not more than 10 years of fixed-term imprisonment; and other participants are to be sentenced to not more than three years of fixed-term imprisonment, limited incarceration, probation, or deprivation of political rights. | | 第一百零三條 【分裂國家罪】組織、策劃、實施分裂國家、破壞國家統一的，對首要分子或者罪行重大的，處無期徒刑或者十年以上有期徒刑；對積極參加的，處三年以上十年以下有期徒刑；對其他參加的，處三年以下有期徒刑、拘役、管制或者剝奪政治權利。 |
| Whoever instigates to split the country and undermine national unification is to be sentenced to not more than five years of fixed-term imprisonment, limited incarceration, probation, or deprivation of political rights; ringleaders or those whose crimes are grave are to be sentenced to not less than five years of fixed-term imprisonment. | | 【煽動分裂國家罪】煽動分裂國家、破壞國家統一的，處五年以下有期徒刑、拘役、管制或者剝奪政治權利；首要分子或者罪行重大的，處五年以上有期徒刑。 |
| Article 104 . Whoever organizes, plots, or carries out armed rebellion, or armed riots, the ringleaders, or those who crimes are grave, are to be sentenced to life imprisonment, or not less than 10 years of fixed-term imprisonment; the active participants are to be sentenced from not less than three to not more than 10 years of fixed-term imprisonment; and other participants are to be sentenced to not more than three years of fixed-term imprisonment, limited incarceration, probation, or deprivation of political rights. | | 第一百零四條 【武裝叛亂、暴亂罪】組織、策劃、實施武裝叛亂或者武裝暴亂的，對首要分子或者罪行重大的，處無期徒刑或者十年以上有期徒刑；對積極參加的，處三年以上十年以下有期徒刑；對其他參加的，處三年以下有期徒刑、拘役、管制或者剝奪政治權利。 |
| Whoever instigates, coerces, lures, and bribes state personnel, members of the armed forces, people's police or people's militia to carry out armed rebellion or armed riot are to be heavily punished according to the stipulations in the preceding paragraph. | | 策動、脅迫、勾引、收買國家機關工作人員、武裝部隊人員、人民警察、民兵進行武裝叛亂或者武裝暴亂的，依照前款的規定從重處罰。 |
| Article 105 . Whoever organizes, plots, or acts to subvert the political power of the state and overthrow the socialist system, the ringleaders or those whose crimes are grave are to be sentenced to life imprisonment, or not less than 10 years of fixed-term imprisonment; active participants are to be sentenced from not less than three years to not more than 10 years of fixed-term imprisonment; other participants are to be sentenced to not more than three years of fixed-term imprisonment, limited incarceration, probation, or deprivation of political rights. | | 第一百零五條 【顛覆國家政權罪】組織、策劃、實施顛覆國家政權、推翻社會主義制度的，對首要分子或者罪行重大的，處無期徒刑或者十年以上有期徒刑；對積極參加的，處三年以上十年以下有期徒刑；對其他參加的，處三年以下有期徒刑、拘役、管制或者剝奪政治權利。 |
| Whoever instigates the subversion of the political power of the state and overthrow the socialist system through spreading rumors, slandering, or other ways are to be sentenced to not more than five years of fixed-term imprisonment, limited incarceration, probation, or deprivation of political rights; the ringleaders and those whose crimes are grave are to be sentenced to not less than five years of fixed-term imprisonment. | | 【煽動顛覆國家政權罪】以造謠、誹謗或者其他方式煽動顛覆國家政權、推翻社會主義制度的，處五年以下有期徒刑、拘役、管制或者剝奪政治權利；首要分子或者罪行重大的，處五年以上有期徒刑。 |
| Article 106 . Whoever colludes with institutions, organizations, or individuals outside the country and commits crimes stipulated in Articles 103, 104, and 105 of this chapter are to be heavily punished according to the stipulations in the articles. | | 第一百零六條 【與境外勾結的處罰規定】與境外機構、組織、個人相勾結，實施本章第一百零三條、第一百零四條、第一百零五條規定之罪的，依照各該條的規定從重處罰。 |
| Article 107 . Where any domestic or overseas institution, organization or individual provides financial support for the commission of a crime as provided for in Article 102, 103, 104 or 105 of this Chapter, the directly liable person shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not more than 5 years, limited incarceration, probation or deprivation of political rights; or if the circumstances are serious, be sentenced to imprisonment of not less than 5 years. | | 第一百零七條 【資助危害國家安全犯罪活動罪】境內外機構、組織或者個人資助實施本章第一百零二條、第一百零三條、第一百零四條、第一百零五條規定之罪的，對直接責任人員，處五年以下有期徒刑、拘役、管制或者剝奪政治權利；情節嚴重的，處五年以上有期徒刑。 |
| Article 108 . Whoever defects to the enemy and turns traitor is to be sentenced to not less than three years and not more than ten years of fixed-term imprisonment; when the circumstances are serious or when it is a case of leading a group of armed personnel, people's police, or militia to defect to the enemy and turn traitor, the sentence is to be not less than ten years of fixed-term imprisonment or life imprisonment. | | 第一百零八條 【投敵叛變罪】投敵叛變的，處三年以上十年以下有期徒刑；情節嚴重或者帶領武裝部隊人員、人民警察、民兵投敵叛變的，處十年以上有期徒刑或者無期徒刑。 |
| Article 109 . A state functionary who, in the course of performing his official duties, leaves his post without permission and flees this country or flees when he is already outside this country shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not more than 5 years, limited incarceration, probation or deprivation of political rights; or if the circumstances are serious, be sentenced to imprisonment of not less than 5 years but not more than 10 years. | | 第一百零九條 【叛逃罪】國家機關工作人員在履行公務期間，擅離崗位，叛逃境外或者在境外叛逃的，處五年以下有期徒刑、拘役、管制或者剝奪政治權利；情節嚴重的，處五年以上十年以下有期徒刑。 |
| A state functionary knowing any national secret, who flees this country or flees when he is already outside this country, shall be given a heavier penalty according to the provision of the preceding paragraph. | | 掌握國家秘密的國家工作人員叛逃境外或者在境外叛逃的，依照前款的規定從重處罰。 |
| Article 110 . Whoever commits any of the following acts of espionage and endangers national security is to be sentenced to not less than 10 years of fixed-term imprisonment or life imprisonment; when the circumstances are relatively minor, the sentence is to be not less than three years and not more than ten years of fixed-termed imprisonment: | | 第一百一十條 【間諜罪】有下列間諜行為之一，危害國家安全的，處十年以上有期徒刑或者無期徒刑；情節較輕的，處三年以上十年以下有期徒刑： |
| (1) Joining an espionage organization or accepting a mission assigned by it or its agent; or | | （一）參加間諜組織或者接受間諜組織及其代理人的任務的； |
| (2) Pointing out bombing or shelling targets to the enemy. | | （二）為敵人指示轟擊目標的。 |
| Article 111 . Whoever steals, secretly gathers, purchases, or illegally provides state secrets or intelligence for an organization, institution, or personnel outside the country is to be sentenced from not less than five years to not more than 10 years of fixed-term imprisonment; when circumstances are particularly serious, he is to be sentenced to not less than 10 years of fixed- term imprisonment, or life sentence; and when circumstances are relatively minor, he is to be sentenced to not more than five years of fixed-term imprisonment, limited incarceration, probation, or deprivation of political rights. | | 第一百一十一條 【為境外竊取、刺探、收買、非法提供國家秘密、情報罪】為境外的機構、組織、人員竊取、刺探、收買、非法提供國家秘密或者情報的，處五年以上十年以下有期徒刑；情節特別嚴重的，處十年以上有期徒刑或者無期徒刑；情節較輕的，處五年以下有期徒刑、拘役、管制或者剝奪政治權利。 |
| Article 112 . Whoever supplies arms and ammunition or other military materials to an enemy during war time is to be sentence to not less than 10 years of fixed-term imprisonment or life imprisonment; and when the circumstances are relatively minor, he will be sentenced a fixed-term imprisonment from not less than three years to not more than 10 years. | | 第一百一十二條 【資敵罪】戰時供給敵人武器裝備、軍用物資資敵的，處十年以上有期徒刑或者無期徒刑；情節較輕的，處三年以上十年以下有期徒刑。 |
| Article 113 . When one commits the aforementioned crimes in this chapter that endanger national security -- except those stipulated in the second clause of Article 103, and Articles 105, 107 and 109 -- and has incurred particularly serious harms to the country and the people, and the circumstances are particularly vile, he may be sentenced to death. | | 第一百一十三條 【危害國家安全罪適用死刑、沒收財產的規定】本章上述危害國家安全罪行中，除第一百零三條第二款、第一百零五條、第一百零七條、第一百零九條外，對國家和人民危害特別嚴重、情節特別惡劣的，可以判處死刑。 |
| Whoever commits the crimes in this chapter may also be punished by having his property confiscated. | | 犯本章之罪的，可以並處沒收財產。 |
| Chapter II Crimes of Endangering Public Security | | 第二章 危害公共安全罪 |
| Article 114 . Whoever commits arson, breaches dikes, causes explosions, spreads pathogen of infectious diseases, poisonous or radioactive substances or other substances, or uses other dangerous means to endanger public security, but causes no serious consequences, shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of no less than three years but no more than ten years. | | 第一百一十四條 【放火罪】【決水罪】【爆炸罪】【投放危險物質罪】【以危險方法危害公共安全罪】放火、決水、爆炸以及投放毒害性、放射性、傳染病病原體等物質或者以其他危險方法危害公共安全，尚未造成嚴重後果的，處三年以上十年以下有期徒刑。 |
| Article 115 . Whoever commits arson, breaches dikes, causes explosions, spreads pathogens of infectious diseases, poisonous or radioactive substances or other substances, or uses other dangerous means to have inflicted any serious injury or death on people or caused heavy losses of public or private property, shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of no less than ten years, life imprisonment or death. | | 第一百一十五條 【放火罪】【決水罪】【爆炸罪】【投放危險物質罪】【以危險方法危害公共安全罪】放火、決水、爆炸以及投放毒害性、放射性、傳染病病原體等物質或者以其他危險方法致人重傷、死亡或者使公私財產遭受重大損失的，處十年以上有期徒刑、無期徒刑或者死刑。 |
| Whoever commits the crimes in the preceding paragraph negligently is to be sentenced to not less than three years to not more than seven years of fixed-term imprisonment; or not more than three years of fixed-term imprisonment, or limited incarceration, when circumstances are relatively minor. | | 【失火罪】【過失決水罪】【過失爆炸罪】【過失投放危險物質罪】【過失以危險方法危害公共安全罪】過失犯前款罪的，處三年以上七年以下有期徒刑；情節較輕的，處三年以下有期徒刑或者拘役。 |
| Article 116 . Whoever sabotages trains, motor vehicles, streetcars, ships, or airplanes in a manner sufficient to threaten the overturning or destruction of these trains, motor vehicles, streetcars, ships, or airplanes is to be sentenced to not less than three years and not more than ten years of fixed-term imprisonment, in cases when serious consequences have not been caused. | | 第一百一十六條 【破壞交通工具罪】破壞火車、汽車、電車、船只、航空器，足以使火車、汽車、電車、船只、航空器發生傾覆、毀壞危險，尚未造成嚴重後果的，處三年以上十年以下有期徒刑。 |
| Article 117 . Whoever sabotages railroads, bridges, tunnels, highways, airports, waterways, lighthouses or signs, or conducts other destructive activities in a manner sufficient to threaten the overturning or destruction of trains, motor vehicles, streets, ships or airplanes, is to be sentenced to not less than three years and not more than ten years of fixed-term imprisonment in cases where serious consequences have not been caused. | | 第一百一十七條 【破壞交通設施罪】破壞軌道、橋梁、隧道、公路、機場、航道、燈塔、標志或者進行其他破壞活動，足以使火車、汽車、電車、船只、航空器發生傾覆、毀壞危險，尚未造成嚴重後果的，處三年以上十年以下有期徒刑。 |
| Article 118 . Whoever endangers public security by sabotaging electric power, gas or other combustible or explosive equipment is to be sentenced to not less than three years and not more than ten years of fixed-term imprisonment in cases where serious consequences have not been caused. | | 第一百一十八條 【破壞電力設備罪】【破壞易燃易爆設備罪】破壞電力、燃氣或者其他易燃易爆設備，危害公共安全，尚未造成嚴重後果的，處三年以上十年以下有期徒刑。 |
| Article 119 . Whoever causes serious consequences by sabotaging means of transportation, transportation equipment, electric power or gas equipment, or combustible or explosive equipment is to be sentenced to not less than ten years of fixed-term imprisonment, life imprisonment, or death. | | 第一百一十九條 【破壞交通工具罪】【破壞交通設施罪】【破壞電力設備罪】【破壞易燃易爆設備罪】破壞交通工具、交通設施、電力設備、燃氣設備、易燃易爆設備，造成嚴重後果的，處十年以上有期徒刑、無期徒刑或者死刑。 |
| Whoever commits the crime in the preceding paragraph negligently is to be sentenced to not less than three years but not more than seven years of fixed-term imprisonment; or not more than three years of fixed-term imprisonment, or limited incarceration if circumstances are relatively minor. | | 【過失損壞交通工具罪】【過失損壞交通設施罪】【過失損壞電力設備罪】【過失損壞易燃易爆設備罪】過失犯前款罪的，處三年以上七年以下有期徒刑；情節較輕的，處三年以下有期徒刑或者拘役。 |
| Article 120 . Whoever organizes or leads a terrorist organization shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not less than ten years or life imprisonment and a forfeiture of property; whoever actively participates in a terrorist organization shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not less than three years but not more than ten years in addition to a fine; and other participants shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not more than three years, limited incarceration, surveillance or deprivation of political rights and may be fined in addition. | | 第一百二十條 【組織、領導、參加恐怖組織罪】組織、領導恐怖活動組織的，處十年以上有期徒刑或者無期徒刑，並處沒收財產；積極參加的，處三年以上十年以下有期徒刑，並處罰金；其他參加的，處三年以下有期徒刑、拘役、管制或者剝奪政治權利，可以並處罰金。 |
| Whoever commits the crime as provided for in the preceding paragraph and also commits murder, explosion, kidnapping or any other crime shall be punished according to the provisions on the joinder of penalties for plural crimes. | | 犯前款罪並實施殺人、爆炸、綁架等犯罪的，依照數罪並罰的規定處罰。 |
| Article 120 (I): Any individual who provides financial support to a terrorist organization or conducts terrorist activities, or provides training on terrorist activities shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not more than five years, limited incarceration, surveillance or deprivation of political rights in addition to a fine; or if the circumstances are serious, be sentenced to imprisonment of not less than five years in addition to a fine or forfeiture of property. | | 第一百二十條之一 【幫助恐怖活動罪】資助恐怖活動組織、實施恐怖活動的個人的，或者資助恐怖活動培訓的，處五年以下有期徒刑、拘役、管制或者剝奪政治權利，並處罰金；情節嚴重的，處五年以上有期徒刑，並處罰金或者沒收財產。 |
| Whoever knowingly recruits, trains or transports any member workforce for any terrorist organization, for conducting any terrorist activities or for any terrorist activities shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph. | | 為恐怖活動組織、實施恐怖活動或者恐怖活動培訓招募、運送人員的，依照前款的規定處罰。 |
| Where an entity commits a crime as provided for in the preceding two paragraphs, a fine shall be imposed on the entity, and the directly responsible person in charge and other directly liable persons shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of paragraph 1. | | 單位犯前兩款罪的，對單位判處罰金，並對其直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員，依照第一款的規定處罰。 |
| Article 120 (II): Whoever falls under any of the following circumstances shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not more than five years, limited incarceration, surveillance or deprivation of political rights in addition to a fine; or be sentenced to imprisonment of not less than five years in addition to a fine or forfeiture of property if the circumstances are serious. | | 第一百二十條之二 【准備實施恐怖活動罪】有下列情形之一的，處五年以下有期徒刑、拘役、管制或者剝奪政治權利，並處罰金；情節嚴重的，處五年以上有期徒刑，並處罰金或者沒收財產： |
| (1) Preparing lethal weapons, hazardous articles or other tools for conducting terrorist activities. | | （一）為實施恐怖活動准備凶器、危險物品或者其他工具的； |
| (2) Organizing training on terrorist activities or actively participating in training on terrorist activities. | | （二）組織恐怖活動培訓或者積極參加恐怖活動培訓的； |
| (3) Contacting any overseas terrorist organization or person for the purpose of conducting terrorist activities. | | （三）為實施恐怖活動與境外恐怖活動組織或者人員聯絡的； |
| (4) Making a plan or any other preparation for conducting terrorist activities. | | （四）為實施恐怖活動進行策劃或者其他准備的。 |
| Whoever commits any other crime while committing a crime as provided for in the preceding paragraph shall be convicted and punished according to the provisions on the crime with the heavier penalty. | | 有前款行為，同時構成其他犯罪的，依照處罰較重的規定定罪處罰。 |
| Article 120 (III) : Whoever advocates terrorism or extremism or instigates terrorist activities by way of preparing or distributing any book, audio or video materials or any other article advocating terrorism or extremism or by instructing or issuing information shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not more than five years, limited incarceration, surveillance or deprivation of political rights in addition to a fine; or if the circumstances are serious, be sentenced to imprisonment of not less than five years in addition to a fine or forfeiture of property. | | 第一百二十條之三 【宣揚恐怖主義、極端主義、煽動實施恐怖活動罪】以制作、散發宣揚恐怖主義、極端主義的圖書、音頻視頻資料或者其他物品，或者通過講授、發布信息等方式宣揚恐怖主義、極端主義的，或者煽動實施恐怖活動的，處五年以下有期徒刑、拘役、管制或者剝奪政治權利，並處罰金；情節嚴重的，處五年以上有期徒刑，並處罰金或者沒收財產。 |
| Article 120 (IV): Whoever, by using extremism, instigates or coerces the public to sabotage the implementation of the marriage, judicial, education, social management or any other system determined in national laws shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not more than three years, limited incarceration or surveillance in addition to a fine; be sentenced to imprisonment of not less than three years but not more than seven years in addition to a fine if the circumstances are serious; or be sentenced to imprisonment of not less than seven years in addition to a fine or forfeiture of property if the circumstances are especially serious. | | 第一百二十條之四 【利用極端主義破壞法律實施罪】利用極端主義煽動、脅迫群眾破壞國家法律確立的婚姻、司法、教育、社會管理等制度實施的，處三年以下有期徒刑、拘役或者管制，並處罰金；情節嚴重的，處三年以上七年以下有期徒刑，並處罰金；情節特別嚴重的，處七年以上有期徒刑，並處罰金或者沒收財產。 |
| Article 120 (V): Whoever forces anyone else to wear the costume or symbol that advocates terrorism or extremism in a public place by means of violence or coercion, etc. shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not more than three years, limited incarceration or surveillance in addition to a fine. | | 第一百二十條之五 【強制穿戴宣揚恐怖主義、極端主義服飾、標志罪】以暴力、脅迫等方式強制他人在公共場所穿著、佩戴宣揚恐怖主義、極端主義服飾、標志的，處三年以下有期徒刑、拘役或者管制，並處罰金。 |
| Article 120 (VI): Whoever illegally holds any book, audio or video materials or any other article while obviously aware that it advocates terrorism or extremism shall, if the circumstances are serious, be sentenced to imprisonment of not more than three years, limited incarceration or surveillance in addition to a fine, or be sentenced to a fine only. | | 第一百二十條之六 【非法持有宣揚恐怖主義、極端主義物品罪】明知是宣揚恐怖主義、極端主義的圖書、音頻視頻資料或者其他物品而非法持有，情節嚴重的，處三年以下有期徒刑、拘役或者管制，並處或者單處罰金。 |
| Article 121 . Whoever hijacks an airplane through violence, coercion, or other means is to be sentenced to not less than 10 years of fixed-term imprisonment or life imprisonment; or death if the hijacking causes serious injuries, death, or serious destruction of the airplane. | | 第一百二十一條 【劫持航空器罪】以暴力、脅迫或者其他方法劫持航空器的，處十年以上有期徒刑或者無期徒刑；致人重傷、死亡或者使航空器遭受嚴重破壞的，處死刑。 |
| Article 122 . Whoever hijacks a ship or motor vehicle through violence, coercion, or other means is to be sentenced to not less than five years but not more than 10 years of fixed-termed imprisonment; or not less than 10 years of fixed-term imprisonment, of life imprisonment, if the hijacking causes serious consequences. | | 第一百二十二條 【劫持船只、汽車罪】以暴力、脅迫或者其他方法劫持船只、汽車的，處五年以上十年以下有期徒刑；造成嚴重後果的，處十年以上有期徒刑或者無期徒刑。 |
| Article 123 . Whoever uses violence on personnel on an in-flight airplane and endangers flying safety is to be sentenced to not more than five years of fixed-termed imprisonment or limited incarceration in case no serious consequences have been caused; or not less than five years of fixed-term imprisonment if serious consequences have been caused. | | 第一百二十三條 【暴力危及飛行安全罪】對飛行中的航空器上的人員使用暴力，危及飛行安全，尚未造成嚴重後果的，處五年以下有期徒刑或者拘役；造成嚴重後果的，處五年以上有期徒刑。 |
| Article 124 . Whoever sabotages radio and television broadcasting facilities, public telecommunications facilities, and endangers public safety is to be sentenced to not less than three years but not more than seven years of fixed-term imprisonment; or not less than seven years of fixed-term imprisonment if serious consequences have been caused. | | 第一百二十四條 【破壞廣播電視設施、公用電信設施罪】破壞廣播電視設施、公用電信設施，危害公共安全的，處三年以上七年以下有期徒刑；造成嚴重後果的，處七年以上有期徒刑。 |
| Whoever commits the crime in the preceding paragraph negligently is to be sentenced to not more than seven years of fixed-term imprisonment; or not more than three years of fixed-term imprisonment or limited incarceration in case the circumstances are relatively minor. | | 【過失損壞廣播電視設施、公用電信設施罪】過失犯前款罪的，處三年以上七年以下有期徒刑；情節較輕的，處三年以下有期徒刑或者拘役。 |
| Article 125 . Whoever illegally manufactures, trades, transports, mails, or stocks up guns, ammunition, or explosives is to be sentenced to not less than three years but not more than 10 years of fixed-termed imprisonment; or not less than 10 years of imprisonment, life imprisonment, or death if the consequences are serious. | | 第一百二十五條 【非法制造、買賣、運輸、郵寄、儲存槍支、彈藥、爆炸物罪】非法制造、買賣、運輸、郵寄、儲存槍支、彈藥、爆炸物的，處三年以上十年以下有期徒刑；情節嚴重的，處十年以上有期徒刑、無期徒刑或者死刑。 |
| Whoever illegally manufactures, trades, transports or stores pathogens of infectious diseases, poisonous or radioactive substances or other substances, thereby endangering public security, shall be punished in accordance with the provisions in the preceding paragraph. | | 【非法制造、買賣、運輸、儲存危險物質罪】非法制造、買賣、運輸、儲存毒害性、放射性、傳染病病原體等物質，危害公共安全的，依照前款的規定處罰。 |
| If a unit commits the crime in the preceding two paragraphs, the unit will be fined, and its direct person in charge and other persons in charge are to be punished according to the regulations in the first paragraph. | | 單位犯前兩款罪的，對單位判處罰金，並對其直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員，依照第一款的規定處罰。 |
| Article 126 . Any enterprises which are legally designated or determined to manufacture or sell guns, violate the regulations governing gun management by performing one of the following acts, the units are to be fined and personnel who are in charge and directly responsible together with other personnel who are directly responsible are to be sentenced to not more than five years of fixed-term imprisonment; when the consequences are serious, to not less than five years and not more than ten years of fixed-term imprisonment ; when the consequences are particularly serious, to not less than 10 years of fixed- term imprisonment or life imprisonment: | | 第一百二十六條 【違規制造、銷售槍支罪】依法被指定、確定的槍支制造企業、銷售企業，違反槍支管理規定，有下列行為之一的，對單位判處罰金，並對其直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員，處五年以下有期徒刑；情節嚴重的，處五年以上十年以下有期徒刑；情節特別嚴重的，處十年以上有期徒刑或者無期徒刑： |
| (1) for the purpose of illegal sale, manufacture or allocation guns whose numbers exceed quotas or whose varieties do not meet the regulations; | | （一）以非法銷售為目的，超過限額或者不按照規定的品種制造、配售槍支的； |
| (2) for the purpose of illegal sale, manufacture guns without a number, or with an overlapped number, or with a fake number; | | （二）以非法銷售為目的，制造無號、重號、假號的槍支的； |
| (3) illegally sell guns or sell guns manufactured for export inside the territory . | | （三）非法銷售槍支或者在境內銷售為出口制造的槍支的。 |
| Article 127 . Whoever steals or forcibly seizes any gun, ammunition or explosive, or steals or forcibly seizes pathogens of infectious diseases, poisonous or radioactive substances or other substances, thereby endangering public security, shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of no less than three years but no more than ten years; if the circumstances are serious, he shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of no less than ten years, life imprisonment or death. | | 第一百二十七條 【盜竊、搶奪槍支、彈藥、爆炸物、危險物質罪】盜竊、搶奪槍支、彈藥、爆炸物的，或者盜竊、搶奪毒害性、放射性、傳染病病原體等物質，危害公共安全的，處三年以上十年以下有期徒刑；情節嚴重的，處十年以上有期徒刑、無期徒刑或者死刑。 |
| Whoever robs any gun, ammunition or explosive, or robs pathogens of infectious diseases, poisonous or radioactive substances or other substances, thereby endangering public security, or steals or forcibly seizes any gun, ammunition or explosive from State organs, members of the armed forces, the police or the people's militia, shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of no less than ten years, life imprisonment or death. | | 【搶劫槍支、彈藥、爆炸物、危險物質罪】【盜竊、搶奪槍支、彈藥、爆炸物、危險物質罪】搶劫槍支、彈藥、爆炸物的，或者搶劫毒害性、放射性、傳染病病原體等物質，危害公共安全的，或者盜竊、搶奪國家機關、軍警人員、民兵的槍支、彈藥、爆炸物的，處十年以上有期徒刑、無期徒刑或者死刑。 |
| Article 128 . Whoever violates the regulations governing gun management by owning or unlawfully possessing, guns and ammunition is to be sentenced to not more than three years of fixed-term imprisonment, limited incarceration, or probation; when the circumstances are serious, to not less than three years and not more than seven years of fixed-term imprisonment. | | 第一百二十八條 【非法持有、私藏槍支、彈藥罪】違反槍支管理規定，非法持有、私藏槍支、彈藥的，處三年以下有期徒刑、拘役或者管制；情節嚴重的，處三年以上七年以下有期徒刑。 |
| Any personnel who are provided with official-use guns who illegally lease or lend the guns are to be punished in accordance with the previous paragraph. | | 【非法出租、出借槍支罪】依法配備公務用槍的人員，非法出租、出借槍支的，依照前款的規定處罰。 |
| Any personnel who are provided with official-use guns who illegally lease or lend the guns, thereby causing serious consequences are to be punished in accordance with the first paragraph. | | 【非法出租、出借槍支罪】依法配置槍支的人員，非法出租、出借槍支，造成嚴重後果的，依照第一款的規定處罰。 |
| Any units committing such crimes as stated in the second and third paragraph, are to be fined and personnel who are in charge and directly responsible are to be punished in accordance with the regulation of the first paragraph. | | 單位犯第二款、第三款罪的，對單位判處罰金，並對其直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員，依照第一款的規定處罰。 |
| Article 129 . Any personnel who are provided with official-use guns who lose the guns without reporting the loss in a timely fashion, thereby causing serious consequences are to be sentenced to not more than three years of fixed-term imprisonment or limited incarceration. | | 第一百二十九條 【丟失槍支不報罪】依法配備公務用槍的人員，丟失槍支不及時報告，造成嚴重後果的，處三年以下有期徒刑或者拘役。 |
| Article 130 . Whoever illegally carries guns, ammunition, controlled knives and tools, articles of an explosive, combustible, radioactive, poisonous or corrosive nature into a public place or public transportation vehicle, thereby endangering public safety, is to be sentenced, when the circumstances are serious, to not more than three years of fixed-term imprisonment, limited incarceration, or probation when the circumstances are serious. | | 第一百三十條 【非法攜帶槍支、彈藥、管制刀具、危險物品危及公共安全罪】非法攜帶槍支、彈藥、管制刀具或者爆炸性、易燃性、放射性、毒害性、腐蝕性物品，進入公共場所或者公共交通工具，危及公共安全，情節嚴重的，處三年以下有期徒刑、拘役或者管制。 |
| Article 131 . Any aviation personnel who violate the rules and regulations thereby causing major air accidents and serious consequences are to be sentenced to not more than three years of fixed-term imprisonment or limited incarceration; when causing the crash of an airplane or the death of personnel are to be sentenced to not less than three years and not more than seven years of fixed-term imprisonment. | | 第一百三十一條 【重大飛行事故罪】航空人員違反規章制度，致使發生重大飛行事故，造成嚴重後果的，處三年以下有期徒刑或者拘役；造成飛機墜毀或者人員死亡的，處三年以上七年以下有期徒刑。 |
| Article 132 . Any railway staff and workers who violate the rules and regulations thereby giving rise to accidents affecting the safety of railway operation are to be sentenced to not less than three years of fixed-term imprisonment or limited incarceration; when the consequences are particularly serious, to not less than three years and not more than seven years of fixed-term imprisonment. | | 第一百三十二條 【鐵路運營安全事故罪】鐵路職工違反規章制度，致使發生鐵路運營安全事故，造成嚴重後果的，處三年以下有期徒刑或者拘役；造成特別嚴重後果的，處三年以上七年以下有期徒刑。 |
| Article 133 . Whoever violates traffic and transportation laws and regulations thereby giving rise to major accidents involving severe injuries, deaths, or great losses of public and private properties are to be sentenced to not more than three years of fixed-term imprisonment; when fleeing the scene after an traffic and transportation accident or under other particularly odious circumstances, to not less than three years and not more than seven years of fixed-term imprisonment; when running away causes a person's death, to not less than seven years of fixed-term imprisonment. | | 第一百三十三條 【交通肇事罪】違反交通運輸管理法規，因而發生重大事故，致人重傷、死亡或者使公私財產遭受重大損失的，處三年以下有期徒刑或者拘役；交通運輸肇事後逃逸或者有其他特別惡劣情節的，處三年以上七年以下有期徒刑；因逃逸致人死亡的，處七年以上有期徒刑。 |
| Article 133 (I): Whoever drives a motor vehicle on a road under any of the following circumstances shall be sentenced to limited incarceration in addition to a fine. | | 第一百三十三條之一 【危險駕駛罪】在道路上駕駛機動車，有下列情形之一的，處拘役，並處罰金： |
| (1) Racing a motor vehicle on a road with execrable circumstances. | | （一）追逐競駛，情節惡劣的； |
| (2) Driving a motor vehicle on a road while intoxicated. | | （二）醉酒駕駛機動車的； |
| (3) Engaging in the school bus business or passenger transport and carrying passengers by loading much more than the fixed number of passengers, or driving the vehicle by seriously exceeding the prescribed speed. | | （三）從事校車業務或者旅客運輸，嚴重超過額定乘員載客，或者嚴重超過規定時速行駛的； |
| (4) Transporting any hazardous chemical in violation of the provisions on the safety administration of hazardous chemicals, which endangers public safety. | | （四）違反危險化學品安全管理規定運輸危險化學品，危及公共安全的。 |
| The motor vehicle owner or manager who is directly liable for the conduct as mentioned in item (3) or (4) of the preceding paragraph shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph. | | 機動車所有人、管理人對前款第三項、第四項行為負有直接責任的，依照前款的規定處罰。 |
| Whoever commits any other crime while committing a crime as mentioned in the preceding two paragraphs shall be convicted and punished according to the provisions on the crime with the heavier penalty. | | 有前兩款行為，同時構成其他犯罪的，依照處罰較重的規定定罪處罰。 |
| Article 133 (II): Whoever inflicts violence on the driver of a public vehicle being driven or grabs the operating devices to try to take control of the public vehicle, disrupting the normal driving of the public vehicle and endangering public security, shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not more than one year, limited incarceration, or probation and a fine or be sentenced to a fine only. | | 第一百三十三條之二 【妨害安全駕駛罪】對行駛中的公共交通工具的駕駛人員使用暴力或者搶控駕駛操縱裝置，幹擾公共交通工具正常行駛，危及公共安全的，處一年以下有期徒刑、拘役或者管制，並處或者單處罰金。 |
| The driver as mentioned in the preceding paragraph who leaves without permission his or her post on the public vehicle being driven and fights with or assaults another person, endangering public security, shall be punished in accordance with the provision of the preceding paragraph. | | 前款規定的駕駛人員在行駛的公共交通工具上擅離職守，與他人互毆或者毆打他人，危及公共安全的，依照前款的規定處罰。 |
| Whoever commits any conduct set forth in the preceding two paragraphs, which concurrently constitutes any other crime, shall be convicted and punished in accordance with the provisions on the heavier punishment. | | 有前兩款行為，同時構成其他犯罪的，依照處罰較重的規定定罪處罰。 |
| Article 134 . Where anyone violates the provisions concerning the safety management in production or operations and thus causes any serious casualty or any other serious consequences, he shall be sentenced to fix-term imprisonment of not more than three years or limited incarceration. If the circumstances are extremely severe, he shall be sentenced to fix-term imprisonment of not less than 3 years but not more than 7 years. | | 第一百三十四條 【重大責任事故罪】在生產、作業中違反有關安全管理的規定，因而發生重大傷亡事故或者造成其他嚴重後果的，處三年以下有期徒刑或者拘役；情節特別惡劣的，處三年以上七年以下有期徒刑。 |
| Whoever forces by an order another person to operate at risk in violation of rules, or knowing but failing to eliminate the potential risk of a major accident, still organizes operations at risk, causing any major casualty accident or having any other serious consequence, shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not more than five years or limited incarceration; or if the circumstances are especially execrable, shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not less than five years. | | 【強令、組織他人違章冒險作業罪】強令他人違章冒險作業，或者明知存在重大事故隱患而不排除，仍冒險組織作業，因而發生重大傷亡事故或者造成其他嚴重後果的，處五年以下有期徒刑或者拘役；情節特別惡劣的，處五年以上有期徒刑。 |
| Article 134 (I): Whoever falls under any of the following circumstances in violation of the provisions on safety management during production or operations, posing a real danger of causing any major casualty accident or other serious consequence, shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not more than one year, limited incarceration, or probation: | | 第一百三十四條之一 【危險作業罪】在生產、作業中違反有關安全管理的規定，有下列情形之一，具有發生重大傷亡事故或者其他嚴重後果的現實危險的，處一年以下有期徒刑、拘役或者管制： |
| (1) Shutting down or compromising any monitoring, alarm, protection, or lifesaving equipment or facility directly related to work safety or tampering with, concealing, or destroying the relevant data or information. | | （一）關閉、破壞直接關系生產安全的監控、報警、防護、救生設備、設施，或者篡改、隱瞞、銷毀其相關數據、信息的； |
| (2) Whoever falls under any of the following circumstances in violation of the provisions on safety management during production or operations, posing a real danger of causing any major casualty accident or other serious consequence, shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not more than one year, limited incarceration, or probation: | | （二）因存在重大事故隱患被依法責令停產停業、停止施工、停止使用有關設備、設施、場所或者立即采取排除危險的整改措施，而拒不執行的； |
| (3) Being engaged in highly dangerous productive or operational activities, such as mining, metal smelting, building construction, and production, distribution, and storage of dangerous articles, without approval or licensing in accordance with the law in matters involving work safety. | | （三）涉及安全生產的事項未經依法批准或者許可，擅自從事礦山開采、金屬冶煉、建築施工，以及危險物品生產、經營、儲存等高度危險的生產作業活動的。 |
| Article 135 . Where the facilities or conditions for safe work fail to meet the relevant provisions of the state so that any serious casualty or any other serious consequence is caused, the persons-in-charge who are held to be directly responsible and other directly liable persons shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years or limited incarceration. If the circumstances are particularly severe, he shall be sentenced to fix-term imprisonment of not less than three years but not more than seven years. | | 第一百三十五條 【重大勞動安全事故罪】安全生產設施或者安全生產條件不符合國家規定，因而發生重大傷亡事故或者造成其他嚴重後果的，對直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員，處三年以下有期徒刑或者拘役；情節特別惡劣的，處三年以上七年以下有期徒刑。 |
| Article 135 (I): Where, any of the provisions concerning safety management is violated in the holding of large-scale activities of the masses so that any serious casualty or any other serious consequence is caused, the persons-in-charge who are held to be directly responsible and other directly liable persons shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years or limited incarceration. If the circumstances are particularly severe, they shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than three years but not more than seven years. | | 第一百三十五條之一 【大型群眾性活動重大安全事故罪】舉辦大型群眾性活動違反安全管理規定，因而發生重大傷亡事故或者造成其他嚴重後果的，對直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員，處三年以下有期徒刑或者拘役；情節特別惡劣的，處三年以上七年以下有期徒刑。 |
| Article 136 . Whoever violates the regulations on the control of articles of an explosive; combustible, radioactive, poisonous or corrosive nature, thereby giving rise to a major accident in the course of production, storage, transportation or use and causing serious consequences, is to be sentenced to not more than three years of fixed-term imprisonment or limited incarceration; when the consequences are particularly serious, the sentence is to be not less than three years and not more than seven years of fixed-term imprisonment. | | 第一百三十六條 【危險物品肇事罪】違反爆炸性、易燃性、放射性、毒害性、腐蝕性物品的管理規定，在生產、儲存、運輸、使用中發生重大事故，造成嚴重後果的，處三年以下有期徒刑或者拘役；後果特別嚴重的，處三年以上七年以下有期徒刑。 |
| Article 137 . When construction, design, working, and engineering supervision units violate the state's regulations by reducing the quality standard of the projects, thereby giving rise to a major safety accident, those who are directly responsible are to be sentenced to not more than five years of fixed-term imprisonment or limited incarceration, in addition to fine; when the consequences are particularly serious, the sentence is to be not less than five years and not more than ten years of fixed-term imprisonment, in addition to fine. | | 第一百三十七條 【工程重大安全事故罪】建設單位、設計單位、施工單位、工程監理單位違反國家規定，降低工程質量標准，造成重大安全事故的，對直接責任人員，處五年以下有期徒刑或者拘役，並處罰金；後果特別嚴重的，處五年以上十年以下有期徒刑，並處罰金。 |
| Article 138 . When school buildings or educational and teaching facilities are obviously known to be dangerous but measures are not taken or reports are not made in a timely fashion, thereby giving rise to a major accident, those who are directly responsible are to be sentenced to not more than three years of fixed-term imprisonment or limited incarceration; when the consequences are particularly serious, the sentence is to be not less than three years and not more than seven years of fixed-term imprisonment. | | 第一百三十八條 【教育設施重大安全事故罪】明知校舍或者教育教學設施有危險，而不采取措施或者不及時報告，致使發生重大傷亡事故的，對直接責任人員，處三年以下有期徒刑或者拘役；後果特別嚴重的，處三年以上七年以下有期徒刑。 |
| Article 139 . When rules of fire prevention and control are violated and the notification, given by a supervision organ of fire prevention and control, to take corrective measures are refused, thereby giving rise to severe consequences, those who are directly responsible are to be sentenced to not more than three years of fixed-term imprisonment or limited incarceration; when the consequences are particularly serious, the sentence is to be not less than three years and not more than seven years of fixed-term imprisonment. | | 第一百三十九條 【消防責任事故罪】違反消防管理法規，經消防監督機構通知采取改正措施而拒絕執行，造成嚴重後果的，對直接責任人員，處三年以下有期徒刑或者拘役；後果特別嚴重的，處三年以上七年以下有期徒刑。 |
| Article 139 (I): Where, after any safety accident occurs, the person who is obliged to report it fails to report it or makes a false report so that the rescue of the accident is affected and if the circumstances are severe, he shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years or limited incarceration. If the circumstances are extremely severe, he shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than three years but not more than seven years. | | 第一百三十九條之一 【不報、謊報安全事故罪】在安全事故發生後，負有報告職責的人員不報或者謊報事故情況，貽誤事故搶救，情節嚴重的，處三年以下有期徒刑或者拘役；情節特別嚴重的，處三年以上七年以下有期徒刑。 |
| Chapter III Crimes of Undermining the Order of Socialist Market Economy | | 第三章 破壞社會主義市場經濟秩序罪 |
| Section 1 . Crimes of Manufacturing and Selling Fake and Shoddy Goods | | 第一節 生產、銷售偽劣商品罪 |
| Article 140 . Any producer or seller who mixes up or adulterates products, passes fake imitations for genuine, sells seconds at best quality price, or passes unqualified products as qualified ones, with a sale amount of not less than 50,000 yuan and not more than 200,000 yuan, is to be sentenced to not more than two years of fixed-term imprisonment or limited incarceration and may in addition or exclusively be sentenced to a fine of not less than 50 percent and not more than 200 percent of the sale amount; when the sale amount is not less than 200,000 yuan and not more than 500,000 yuan, is to be sentenced to not less than two years and not more than seven years of fixed-term imprisonment and may in addition be sentenced to a fine of not less than 50 percent and not more than 200 percent of the sale amount; when the sale amount is not less than 500,000 yuan and not more than 2 million yuan, is to be sentenced to not less than seven years and may in addition be sentenced to a fine of not less than 50 percent and not more than 200percent of the sale amount; when the sale amount is not less than two million yuan, is to be sentenced to 15 years of fixed-term imprisonment or life imprisonment and may in addition be sentenced to a fine of not less than 50 percent and not more than 200 percent of the sale amount or confiscation of property. | | 第一百四十條 【生產、銷售偽劣產品罪】生產者、銷售者在產品中摻雜、摻假，以假充真，以次充好或者以不合格產品冒充合格產品，銷售金額五萬元以上不滿二十萬元的，處二年以下有期徒刑或者拘役，並處或者單處銷售金額百分之五十以上二倍以下罰金；銷售金額二十萬元以上不滿五十萬元的，處二年以上七年以下有期徒刑，並處銷售金額百分之五十以上二倍以下罰金；銷售金額五十萬元以上不滿二百萬元的，處七年以上有期徒刑，並處銷售金額百分之五十以上二倍以下罰金；銷售金額二百萬元以上的，處十五年有期徒刑或者無期徒刑，並處銷售金額百分之五十以上二倍以下罰金或者沒收財產。 |
| Article 141 . Whoever produces or sells any counterfeit drug shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not more than three years or limited incarceration and a fine; if any serious harm is thus caused to human health or there is any other serious circumstance, shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not less than three years nor more than ten years and a fine; or if the death of a person is thus caused or there is any other especially serious circumstance, shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not less than ten years, life imprisonment, or death and a fine or forfeiture of property. | | 第一百四十一條 【生產、銷售、提供假藥罪】生產、銷售假藥的，處三年以下有期徒刑或者拘役，並處罰金；對人體健康造成嚴重危害或者有其他嚴重情節的，處三年以上十年以下有期徒刑，並處罰金；致人死亡或者有其他特別嚴重情節的，處十年以上有期徒刑、無期徒刑或者死刑，並處罰金或者沒收財產。 |
| Where any employee of an entity using drug products knowingly provides a counterfeit drug to others for use, the employee shall be punished in accordance with the provision of the preceding paragraph. | | 藥品使用單位的人員明知是假藥而提供給他人使用的，依照前款的規定處罰。 |
| Article 142 . Whoever produces or sells any substandard drug, causing any serious harm to human health, shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not less than three years nor more than ten years and a fine; or if the consequences are especially serious, shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not less than ten years or life imprisonment and a fine or forfeiture of property. | | 第一百四十二條 【生產、銷售、提供劣藥罪】生產、銷售劣藥，對人體健康造成嚴重危害的，處三年以上十年以下有期徒刑，並處罰金；後果特別嚴重的，處十年以上有期徒刑或者無期徒刑，並處罰金或者沒收財產。 |
| Where any employee of an entity using drug products knowingly provides a substandard drug to others for use, the employee shall be punished in accordance with the provision of the preceding paragraph. | | 藥品使用單位的人員明知是劣藥而提供給他人使用的，依照前款的規定處罰。 |
| Article 142 (I): Whoever falls under any of the following circumstances in violation of the legislation on drug administration, which suffices to cause any serious harm to human health, shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not more than three years or limited incarceration and a fine or be sentenced to a fine only; or if any serious harm is caused to human health or there is any other serious circumstance, shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not less than three years nor more than seven years and a fine: | | 第一百四十二條之一 【妨害藥品管理罪】違反藥品管理法規，有下列情形之一，足以嚴重危害人體健康的，處三年以下有期徒刑或者拘役，並處或者單處罰金；對人體健康造成嚴重危害或者有其他嚴重情節的，處三年以上七年以下有期徒刑，並處罰金： |
| (1) Producing or selling any drug product prohibited by the medical products administration of the State Council from use. | | （一）生產、銷售國務院藥品監督管理部門禁止使用的藥品的； |
| (2) Producing or importing any drug product without obtaining the documents certifying the relevant approval of the drug product or knowingly selling such a drug product. | | （二）未取得藥品相關批准證明文件生產、進口藥品或者明知是上述藥品而銷售的； |
| (3) Applying for drug product registration by providing any false certificate, data, material, or sample or any other deceptive means. | | （三）藥品申請注冊中提供虛假的證明、數據、資料、樣品或者采取其他欺騙手段的； |
| (4) Fabricating production or inspection records. | | （四）編造生產、檢驗記錄的。 |
| Whoever commits any conduct set forth in the preceding paragraph, which concurrently constitutes a crime provided for in Article 141 or 142 of this Law or any other crime, shall be convicted and punished in accordance with the provisions on the heavier punishment. | | 有前款行為，同時又構成本法第一百四十一條、第一百四十二條規定之罪或者其他犯罪的，依照處罰較重的規定定罪處罰。 |
| Article 143 . Whoever produces or sells food not up to the food safety standards which may cause any serious food poisoning accident or any other serious food-borne disease shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not more than 3 years or limited incarceration and a fine; if any serious damage is caused to the people's health or there is any other serious circumstance, shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not less than 3 years but not more than 7 years and a fine; or if there are especially serious consequences, shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not less than 7 years or life imprisonment and a fine or forfeiture of property. | | 第一百四十三條 【生產、銷售不符合安全標准的食品罪】生產、銷售不符合食品安全標准的食品，足以造成嚴重食物中毒事故或者其他嚴重食源性疾病的，處三年以下有期徒刑或者拘役，並處罰金；對人體健康造成嚴重危害或者有其他嚴重情節的，處三年以上七年以下有期徒刑，並處罰金；後果特別嚴重的，處七年以上有期徒刑或者無期徒刑，並處罰金或者沒收財產。 |
| Article 144 . Whoever mixes poisonous or harmful non-food raw materials into food produced or sold or knowingly sells food mixed with poisonous or harmful non-food raw materials shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not more than 5 years and a fine; if any serious damage is caused to the people's health or there is any other serious circumstance, shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not less than 5 years but not more than 10 years and a fine; or if any human death is caused or there is any other especially serious circumstance, shall be punished according to the provisions of Article 141 of this Law. | | 第一百四十四條 【生產、銷售有毒、有害食品罪】在生產、銷售的食品中摻入有毒、有害的非食品原料的，或者銷售明知摻有有毒、有害的非食品原料的食品的，處五年以下有期徒刑，並處罰金；對人體健康造成嚴重危害或者有其他嚴重情節的，處五年以上十年以下有期徒刑，並處罰金；致人死亡或者有其他特別嚴重情節的，依照本法第一百四十一條的規定處罰。 |
| Article 145 . Whoever produces medical apparatuses and instruments or medical hygiene materials that are not up to the national or industrial standards for safeguarding human health or sells such things while clearly knowing the fact, and if it is serious enough to endanger human health, shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years or limited incarceration and shall also be fined not less than half but not more than two times the sales revenue; if it causes serious harm to human health, he shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than three years but not more than 10 years and shall also be fined not less than half but not more than two times the sales revenue; if the consequence is especially serious, he shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than 10 years or life imprisonment, and shall also be fined not less than half but not more than two times the sales revenue or be sentenced to confiscation of property. | | 第一百四十五條 【生產、銷售不符合標准的醫用器材罪】生產不符合保障人體健康的國家標准、行業標准的醫療器械、醫用衛生材料，或者銷售明知是不符合保障人體健康的國家標准、行業標准的醫療器械、醫用衛生材料，足以嚴重危害人體健康的，處三年以下有期徒刑或者拘役，並處銷售金額百分之五十以上二倍以下罰金；對人體健康造成嚴重危害的，處三年以上十年以下有期徒刑，並處銷售金額百分之五十以上二倍以下罰金；後果特別嚴重的，處十年以上有期徒刑或者無期徒刑，並處銷售金額百分之五十以上二倍以下罰金或者沒收財產。 |
| Article 146 . Whoever produces electrical appliances, pressure containers, explosive and combustible products that do not conform with the standards of the state and the trade aiming to protect the human safety and property or other products that do not conform with such standards or knowingly sells the above-mentioned products thereby giving rise to serious consequences is to be sentenced to not more than five years of fixed-term imprisonment and may in addition be sentenced to a fine of not less than 50 percent and not more than 200 percent of the sale amount; when the consequences are particularly serious, the sentence is to be not less than five years of fixed-term imprisonment and may in addition be sentenced to a fine of not less than 50 percent and not more than 200 percent of the sale. | | 第一百四十六條 【生產、銷售不符合安全標准的產品罪】生產不符合保障人身、財產安全的國家標准、行業標准的電器、壓力容器、易燃易爆產品或者其他不符合保障人身、財產安全的國家標准、行業標准的產品，或者銷售明知是以上不符合保障人身、財產安全的國家標准、行業標准的產品，造成嚴重後果的，處五年以下有期徒刑，並處銷售金額百分之五十以上二倍以下罰金；後果特別嚴重的，處五年以上有期徒刑，並處銷售金額百分之五十以上二倍以下罰金。 |
| Article 147 . Whoever produces fake insecticides, fake animal-use medicines, fake chemical fertilizers or knowingly sells insecticides, animal-use medicines, chemical fertilizers and seeds which are fake or are no longer effective or any producer or seller who passes unqualified insecticides, animal-use medicines, chemical fertilizers and seeds as qualified ones, thereby giving rise to relatively large losses in production is to be sentenced to not more than three years of fixed-term imprisonment or limited incarceration and may in addition or exclusively be sentenced to a fine of not less than 50 percent and not more than 200 percent of the sale amount; when causing grave losses in production, is to be sentenced to not less than three years and not more than seven years of fixed-term imprisonment and may in addition be sentenced to a fine of not less than 50 percent and not more than 200 percent of the sale amount; when causing particularly grave losses in production, is to be sentenced to not less than seven years of fixed-term imprisonment or life imprisonment or confiscation of property. | | 第一百四十七條 【生產、銷售偽劣農藥、獸藥、化肥、種子罪】生產假農藥、假獸藥、假化肥，銷售明知是假的或者失去使用效能的農藥、獸藥、化肥、種子，或者生產者、銷售者以不合格的農藥、獸藥、化肥、種子冒充合格的農藥、獸藥、化肥、種子，使生產遭受較大損失的，處三年以下有期徒刑或者拘役，並處或者單處銷售金額百分之五十以上二倍以下罰金；使生產遭受重大損失的，處三年以上七年以下有期徒刑，並處銷售金額百分之五十以上二倍以下罰金；使生產遭受特別重大損失的，處七年以上有期徒刑或者無期徒刑，並處銷售金額百分之五十以上二倍以下罰金或者沒收財產。 |
| Article 148 . Production of cosmetics that fails to meet hygienic standards or knowingly selling such cosmetics that cause serious consequences shall be punished with imprisonment or limited incarceration of less than three years, and a fine of over 50 percent but less than 100 percent of the sales amount. | | 第一百四十八條 【生產、銷售不符合衛生標准的化妝品罪】生產不符合衛生標准的化妝品，或者銷售明知是不符合衛生標准的化妝品，造成嚴重後果的，處三年以下有期徒刑或者拘役，並處或者單處銷售金額百分之五十以上二倍以下罰金。 |
| Article 149 . The production and selling of products prescribed under Articles 141 to 148 of this Section that does not constitute an offense under these articles but with sales amount exceeding 50,000 yuan, shall be convicted and punished according to provisions under Article 140 of this Section. | | 第一百四十九條 【對生產、銷售偽劣商品行為的法條適用】生產、銷售本節第一百四十一條至第一百四十八條所列產品，不構成各該條規定的犯罪，但是銷售金額在五萬元以上的，依照本節第一百四十條的規定定罪處罰。 |
| The production and selling of products prescribed under Articles 141 and 148 of this Section that constitutes an offense under these articles and Article 140, shall be convicted and punished under provisions carrying a heavier penalty. | | 生產、銷售本節第一百四十一條至第一百四十八條所列產品，構成各該條規定的犯罪，同時又構成本節第一百四十條規定之罪的，依照處罰較重的規定定罪處罰。 |
| Article 150 . Units violating provisions between Articles 140 and 148 of this Section shall be punished with a fine, with personnel directly in charge and other directly responsible personnel being punished according to provisions under the respective articles. | | 第一百五十條 【單位犯本節規定之罪的處理】單位犯本節第一百四十條至第一百四十八條規定之罪的，對單位判處罰金，並對其直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員，依照各該條的規定處罰。 |
| Section 2 . Smuggling Offenses | | 第二節 走私罪 |
| Article 151 . Whoever smuggles any weapon, ammunition, nuclear materials or counterfeit currencies shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not less than seven years in addition to a fine or forfeiture of property; if the circumstances are especially serious, be sentenced to life imprisonment and a forfeiture of property; or if the circumstances are minor, be sentenced to imprisonment of not less than three years but not more than seven years in addition to a fine. | | 第一百五十一條 【走私武器、彈藥罪】【走私核材料罪】【走私假幣罪】走私武器、彈藥、核材料或者偽造的貨幣的，處七年以上有期徒刑，並處罰金或者沒收財產；情節特別嚴重的，處無期徒刑，並處沒收財產；情節較輕的，處三年以上七年以下有期徒刑，並處罰金。 |
| Whoever smuggles cultural relics, gold, silver or any other noble metal whose export is prohibited by the state or smuggles rare animals whose import and export are prohibited by the state or products made thereof shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not less than 5 years but not more than 10 years and a fine; if the circumstances are especially serious, shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not less than 10 years or life imprisonment and a forfeiture of property; or if the circumstances are minor, shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not more than 5 years and a fine. | | 【走私文物罪】【走私貴重金屬罪】【走私珍貴動物、珍貴動物制品罪】走私國家禁止出口的文物、黃金、白銀和其他貴重金屬或者國家禁止進出口的珍貴動物及其制品的，處五年以上十年以下有期徒刑，並處罰金；情節特別嚴重的，處十年以上有期徒刑或者無期徒刑，並處沒收財產；情節較輕的，處五年以下有期徒刑，並處罰金。 |
| Whoever smuggles rare plants or products made thereof or other goods or articles whose import and export are prohibited by the state shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not more than 5 years or limited incarceration and a fine or be sentenced to a fine only; or if the circumstances are serious, shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not less than 5 years and a fine. | | 【走私國家禁止進出口的貨物、物品罪】走私珍稀植物及其制品等國家禁止進出口的其他貨物、物品的，處五年以下有期徒刑或者拘役，並處或者單處罰金；情節嚴重的，處五年以上有期徒刑，並處罰金。 |
| Where an entity commits a crime as provided for in this Article, the entity shall be sentenced to a fine, and its directly responsible person and other directly liable persons shall be punished according to the provisions of this Article. | | 單位犯本條規定之罪的，對單位判處罰金，並對其直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員，依照本條各款的規定處罰。 |
| Article 152 . Smuggling obscene movies, video tapes, audio tapes, pictures, books and journals, and other obscene articles for profit or dissemination shall be punished with imprisonment of more than three years but less than ten years with fine; for offenses of a serious nature to over ten years of imprisonment or life imprisonment, with fine or forfeiture of property; for offenses of a less serious nature to imprisonment or limited incarceration or restraint of less than three years, and with fine. | | 第一百五十二條 【走私淫穢物品罪】以牟利或者傳播為目的，走私淫穢的影片、錄像帶、錄音帶、圖片、書刊或者其他淫穢物品的，處三年以上十年以下有期徒刑，並處罰金；情節嚴重的，處十年以上有期徒刑或者無期徒刑，並處罰金或者沒收財產；情節較輕的，處三年以下有期徒刑、拘役或者管制，並處罰金。 |
| Whoever transports overseas solid, liquid or gaseous waste into the territory of China by evading supervision and control of the Customs shall, if the circumstance is serious enough, be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than five years and shall also, or shall only, be fined; if the circumstance is serious, he shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than five years and shall also be fined. | | 【走私廢物罪】逃避海關監管將境外固體廢物、液態廢物和氣態廢物運輸進境，情節嚴重的，處五年以下有期徒刑，並處或者單處罰金；情節特別嚴重的，處五年以上有期徒刑，並處罰金。 |
| Where an entity commits any crime as mentioned in the preceding two paragraphs, it shall be fined, and the person in-charge and other persons who are held to be directly responsible shall be punished in accordance with the provisions in the preceding two paragraphs. | | 單位犯前兩款罪的，對單位判處罰金，並對其直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員，依照前兩款的規定處罰。 |
| Article 153 . Whoever smuggles goods or articles other than those as mentioned in Articles 151, 152 and 347 shall be punished in light of the graveness of the crime according to the following provisions: | | 第一百五十三條 【走私普通貨物、物品罪】走私本法第一百五十一條、第一百五十二條、第三百四十七條規定以外的貨物、物品的，根據情節輕重，分別依照下列規定處罰： |
| (1) Whoever smuggles goods or articles to evade a relatively large amount of tax payable, or smuggles again after having been given administrative punishment twice for smuggling within a year, shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not more than 3 years or limited incarceration and a fine of not less than the evaded amount of tax payable but not more than five times the evaded amount of tax payable. | | （一）走私貨物、物品偷逃應繳稅額較大或者一年內曾因走私被給予二次行政處罰後又走私的，處三年以下有期徒刑或者拘役，並處偷逃應繳稅額一倍以上五倍以下罰金。 |
| (2) Whoever smuggles goods or articles to evade a huge amount of tax payable or with any other serious circumstance shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not less than 3 years but not more than 10 years and a fine of not less than the evaded amount of tax payable but not more than five times the evaded amount of tax payable. | | （二）走私貨物、物品偷逃應繳稅額巨大或者有其他嚴重情節的，處三年以上十年以下有期徒刑，並處偷逃應繳稅額一倍以上五倍以下罰金。 |
| (3) Whoever smuggles goods or articles to evade an especially huge amount of tax payable or with any other especially serious circumstance shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not less than 10 years or life imprisonment and a fine of not less than the evaded amount of tax payable but not more than five times the evaded amount of tax payable or a forfeiture of property. | | （三）走私貨物、物品偷逃應繳稅額特別巨大或者有其他特別嚴重情節的，處十年以上有期徒刑或者無期徒刑，並處偷逃應繳稅額一倍以上五倍以下罰金或者沒收財產。 |
| Units committing offenses under the preceding paragraph shall be punished with a fine, with personnel directly in charge and other directly responsible personnel being sentenced to imprisonment or limited incarceration of less than three years; and, for cases of a serious nature, to imprisonment of over three years and less than 10 years; and -- for cases of an extraordinary serious nature -- to imprisonment of over 10 years. | | 單位犯前款罪的，對單位判處罰金，並對其直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員，處三年以下有期徒刑或者拘役；情節嚴重的，處三年以上十年以下有期徒刑；情節特別嚴重的，處十年以上有期徒刑。 |
| For smuggling cases not being detected for several occasions, fines should be based on an accumulation of all evaded taxes of such goods and articles. | | 對多次走私未經處理的，按照累計走私貨物、物品的偷逃應繳稅額處罰。 |
| Article 154 . The following smuggling cases that constitute an offense under provisions of this section shall be convicted and sentenced according to provisions under Article 153 of this law: | | 第一百五十四條 【走私貨物、物品罪的特殊形式】下列走私行為，根據本節規定構成犯罪的，依照本法第一百五十三條的規定定罪處罰： |
| (1) without the approval of the Customs and before settling defaulted taxes, sale for profit in China of bonded goods approved for import for the purposes of processing, assembly, and compensated trade, including raw and processed materials, parts, finished products, and equipment; and | | （一）未經海關許可並且未補繳應繳稅額，擅自將批准進口的來料加工、來件裝配、補償貿易的原材料、零件、制成品、設備等保稅貨物，在境內銷售牟利的； |
| (2) without the approval of the Customs and before settling defaulted taxes, sale for profits in China of goods and articles with reduced import duties or tax exemption. | | （二）未經海關許可並且未補繳應繳稅額，擅自將特定減稅、免稅進口的貨物、物品，在境內銷售牟利的。 |
| Article 155 . Whoever commits any of the following acts shall be deemed as having committed the crime of smuggling and shall be punished in accordance with the relevant provisions of this Section: | | 第一百五十五條 【以走私罪論處的間接走私行為】下列行為，以走私罪論處，依照本節的有關規定處罰： |
| (1) directly and illegally purchasing from smugglers articles the import of which is forbidden by the State; or directly and illegally purchasing from smugglers other smuggled goods and articles in relatively large quantities; or | | （一）直接向走私人非法收購國家禁止進口物品的，或者直接向走私人非法收購走私進口的其他貨物、物品，數額較大的； |
| (2) transporting, purchasing or selling in inland seas, territorial waters, boundary rivers or boundary lakes articles which are forbidden by the State from import and export; or transporting, purchasing or selling, without legal certificates and in relatively large quantities, goods or articles which are restricted by the State from import and export. | | （二）在內海、領海、界河、界湖運輸、收購、販賣國家禁止進出口物品的，或者運輸、收購、販賣國家限制進出口貨物、物品，數額較大，沒有合法證明的。 |
| Article 156 . Whoever colludes with smugglers by supplying them with loans, funds, accounts, invoices, proofs, or such conveniences as transportation, safe- keeping, and mailing services, shall be regarded and punished as smuggling accomplices. | | 第一百五十六條 【走私共犯】與走私罪犯通謀，為其提供貸款、資金、帳號、發票、證明，或者為其提供運輸、保管、郵寄或者其他方便的，以走私罪的共犯論處。 |
| Article 157 . Whoever provides armed escort for smuggling shall be given a heavier penalty according to paragraph 1, Article 151 of this law. | | 第一百五十七條 【武裝掩護走私、抗拒緝私的規定】武裝掩護走私的，依照本法第一百五十一條第一款的規定從重處罰。 |
| Whoever resorts to violence and threatening measures while resisting Customs detection shall be punished for smuggling and obstructing state organ personnel from enforcing their lawful duties provided under Article 277 of this law, and shall be punished for all offenses committed. | | 以暴力、威脅方法抗拒緝私的，以走私罪和本法第二百七十七條規定的阻礙國家機關工作人員依法執行職務罪，依照數罪並罰的規定處罰。 |
| Section 3 . Offenses Against Company and Enterprise Management Order | | 第三節 妨害對公司、企業的管理秩序罪 |
| Article 158 . Using forged certifications to apply for company registration or using other fraudulent means to falsely declare registered capital with intent to deceive company registration departments, where the registered capital so falsely declared is large in figures with serious consequences or of a severe nature, shall be punished by imprisonment or limited incarceration of less than three years, with a fine or a separately imposed fine of over 1 percent but less than 5 percent of the falsely declared registered capital. | | 第一百五十八條 【虛報注冊資本罪】申請公司登記使用虛假證明文件或者采取其他欺詐手段虛報注冊資本，欺騙公司登記主管部門，取得公司登記，虛報注冊資本數額巨大、後果嚴重或者有其他嚴重情節的，處三年以下有期徒刑或者拘役，並處或者單處虛報注冊資本金額百分之一以上百分之五以下罰金。 |
| Units committing offenses under the preceding paragraph shall be punished with a fine, with personnel directly in charge and other directly responsible personnel being punished with imprisonment or limited incarceration of less than three years. | | 單位犯前款罪的，對單位判處罰金，並對其直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員，處三年以下有期徒刑或者拘役。 |
| Article 159 . Company promoters, shareholders who, in violation of provisions under the Company law, fail to pay up with currency notes, provide actual property, or transfer property rights; or falsely claim to have paid up the capital; or withdraw their capital upon registration of company, where the amount involved is large with serious consequences or of a serious nature, shall be punished with imprisonment or limited incarceration of less than five years, with a fine or a separately imposed fine of over 2 percent but less than 10 percent of the amount of capital so falsely claimed to have been paid up or so withdrawn. | | 第一百五十九條 【虛假出資、抽逃出資罪】公司發起人、股東違反公司法的規定未交付貨幣、實物或者未轉移財產權，虛假出資，或者在公司成立後又抽逃其出資，數額巨大、後果嚴重或者有其他嚴重情節的，處五年以下有期徒刑或者拘役，並處或者單處虛假出資金額或者抽逃出資金額百分之二以上百分之十以下罰金。 |
| Units committing offenses under the preceding paragraph shall be punished with a fine, with personnel directly in charge and other directly responsible personnel being punished with imprisonment or limited incarceration of less than five years. | | 單位犯前款罪的，對單位判處罰金，並對其直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員，處五年以下有期徒刑或者拘役。 |
| Article 160 . Whoever issues any shares of stock, corporate or enterprise bonds, depositary receipts, or other securities determined by the State Council in accordance with the law by concealing any material fact or falsifying any major content in the share offering prospectus, share subscription form, corporate or enterprise bond offering prospectus, or any other offering document shall, if the amount involved is huge, the consequences are serious, or there is any other serious circumstance, be sentenced to imprisonment of not more than five years or limited incarceration and a fine or be sentenced to a fine only; or if the amount involved is especially huge, the consequences are especially serious, or there is any other especially serious circumstance, shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not less than five years and a fine. | | 第一百六十條 【欺詐發行證券罪】在招股說明書、認股書、公司、企業債券募集辦法等發行文件中隱瞞重要事實或者編造重大虛假內容，發行股票或者公司、企業債券、存托憑證或者國務院依法認定的其他證券，數額巨大、後果嚴重或者有其他嚴重情節的，處五年以下有期徒刑或者拘役，並處或者單處罰金；數額特別巨大、後果特別嚴重或者有其他特別嚴重情節的，處五年以上有期徒刑，並處罰金。 |
| The controlling shareholder or actual controller who organizes or instigates the commission of any conduct in the preceding paragraph shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not more than five years or limited incarceration and a fine of not less than 20% nor more than one times the illegal offering proceeds or be sentenced to such a fine only; or if the amount involved is especially huge, the consequences are especially serious, or there is any other especially serious circumstance, shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not less than five years and a fine of not less than 20% nor more than one times the illegal offering proceeds. | | 控股股東、實際控制人組織、指使實施前款行為的，處五年以下有期徒刑或者拘役，並處或者單處非法募集資金金額百分之二十以上一倍以下罰金；數額特別巨大、後果特別嚴重或者有其他特別嚴重情節的，處五年以上有期徒刑，並處非法募集資金金額百分之二十以上一倍以下罰金。 |
| Where an entity commits a crime provided for in the preceding two paragraphs, the entity shall be sentenced to a fine of not less than 20% nor more than one times the illegal offering proceeds, and its directly liable executive in charge and other directly liable persons shall be punished according to the provision of paragraph 1 of this article. | | 單位犯前兩款罪的，對單位判處非法募集資金金額百分之二十以上一倍以下罰金，並對其直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員，依照第一款的規定處罰。 |
| Article 161 . Where a company or an enterprise with information disclosure obligations in accordance with the law provides its shareholders and the public with a financial accounting report which is false or conceals any material fact, or fails to disclose according to the applicable provisions any other important information that shall be disclosed in accordance with the law, causing any seriously damage to the interests of shareholders or any other person or with any other serious circumstance, its directly liable executive in charge and other directly liable persons shall each be sentenced to imprisonment of not more than five years or limited incarceration and a fine or be sentenced to a fine only; or if the circumstances are especially serious, shall each be sentenced to imprisonment of not less than five years nor more than ten years and a fine. | | 第一百六十一條 【違規披露、不披露重要信息罪】依法負有信息披露義務的公司、企業向股東和社會公眾提供虛假的或者隱瞞重要事實的財務會計報告，或者對依法應當披露的其他重要信息不按照規定披露，嚴重損害股東或者其他人利益，或者有其他嚴重情節的，對其直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員，處五年以下有期徒刑或者拘役，並處或者單處罰金；情節特別嚴重的，處五年以上十年以下有期徒刑，並處罰金。 |
| The controlling shareholder or actual controller of a company or an enterprise set forth in the preceding paragraph who commits or organizes or instigates the commission of the conduct in the preceding paragraph or conceals the relevant matter, resulting in the occurrence of the circumstance set forth in the preceding paragraph, shall be punished in accordance with the provision of the preceding paragraph. | | 前款規定的公司、企業的控股股東、實際控制人實施或者組織、指使實施前款行為的，或者隱瞞相關事項導致前款規定的情形發生的，依照前款的規定處罰。 |
| Where the controlling shareholder or actual controller committing a crime provided for in the preceding paragraph is an entity, the entity shall be sentenced to a fine, and its directly liable executive in charge and other directly liable persons shall be punished according to the provision of paragraph 1 of this article. | | 犯前款罪的控股股東、實際控制人是單位的，對單位判處罰金，並對其直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員，依照第一款的規定處罰。 |
| Article 162 . Personnel directly in charge and other directly responsible personnel of a company or an enterprise that, during its liquidation process, conceal property or make false entries in its balance sheet or asset list, or distribute company or enterprise assets before repaying debts that seriously hurt the interests of creditors and other people, shall be punished with imprisonment or limited incarceration of less than five years, with a fine or a separately imposed fine of over 20,000 yuan but less than 200,000 yuan. | | 第一百六十二條 【妨害清算罪】公司、企業進行清算時，隱匿財產，對資產負債表或者財產清單作虛偽記載或者在未清償債務前分配公司、企業財產，嚴重損害債權人或者其他人利益的，對其直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員，處五年以下有期徒刑或者拘役，並處或者單處二萬元以上二十萬元以下罰金。 |
| Article 162 (I) Whoever conceals or deliberately destroys financial vouchers, financial account books or financial statements, if the circumstances are serious, shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of less than five years or limited incarceration, and/or be imposed a fine not less than 20,000 yuan but not more than 200,000 yuan. | | 第一百六十二條之一 【隱匿、故意銷毀會計憑證、會計帳簿、財務會計報告罪】隱匿或者故意銷毀依法應當保存的會計憑證、會計帳簿、財務會計報告，情節嚴重的，處五年以下有期徒刑或者拘役，並處或者單處二萬元以上二十萬元以下罰金。 |
| Where a unit commits the crime as mentioned in the preceding paragraph, it shall be imposed a fine, and the persons who are directly in charge or persons who are directly responsible for the offence shall be punished according to the preceding paragraph. | | 單位犯前款罪的，對單位判處罰金，並對其直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員，依照前款的規定處罰。 |
| Article 162 (II): Where any company or enterprise transfers or disposes of its properties by means of concealing its properties or undertaking fabricated debts or by any other means or goes through false bankruptcy so that the interests of the creditors or any other person are severely injured, the persons-in-charge who are held to be directly responsible and other directly liable persons shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than five years or limited incarceration, and/or shall be fined 20,000 yuan up to 200,000 yuan. | | 第一百六十二條之二 【虛假破產罪】公司、企業通過隱匿財產、承擔虛構的債務或者以其他方法轉移、處分財產，實施虛假破產，嚴重損害債權人或者其他人利益的，對其直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員，處五年以下有期徒刑或者拘役，並處或者單處二萬元以上二十萬元以下罰金。 |
| Article 163 . Where, by taking advantage of his or her position, any staff member of a company, an enterprise, or any other entity solicits or illegally accepts any money or property from any other person in order to seek benefits for such other person, the staff member shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not more than three years or limited incarceration and a fine if the amount involved is relatively large; shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not less than three years nor more than ten years and a fine if the amount involved is huge or there is any other serious circumstance; or shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not less than ten years or life imprisonment and a fine if the amount involved is especially huge or there is any other especially serious circumstance. | | 第一百六十三條 【非國家工作人員受賄罪】公司、企業或者其他單位的工作人員，利用職務上的便利，索取他人財物或者非法收受他人財物，為他人謀取利益，數額較大的，處三年以下有期徒刑或者拘役，並處罰金；數額巨大或者有其他嚴重情節的，處三年以上十年以下有期徒刑，並處罰金；數額特別巨大或者有其他特別嚴重情節的，處十年以上有期徒刑或者無期徒刑，並處罰金。 |
| Where any of the employees of any company or enterprise or any other entity violates the relevant provisions of the state by taking advantage of his position to accept kickbacks or commissions in any disguise and keeps them for himself, he shall be penalized according to the preceding paragraph. | | 公司、企業或者其他單位的工作人員在經濟往來中，利用職務上的便利，違反國家規定，收受各種名義的回扣、手續費，歸個人所有的，依照前款的規定處罰。 |
| Where anyone who is engaged in public services in any state-owned company, enterprise or any other state-owned entity or anyone is delegated by any state-owned company or enterprise or any other state-owned entity to any non-state-owned company or enterprise or any other entity to engage in public services commits any of the acts as described in either of the preceding paragraphs shall be convicted and penalized according to Articles 185 and 186 of the present Law. | | 國有公司、企業或者其他國有單位中從事公務的人員和國有公司、企業或者其他國有單位委派到非國有公司、企業以及其他單位從事公務的人員有前兩款行為的，依照本法第三百八十五條、第三百八十六條的規定定罪處罰。 |
| Article 164 . Whoever gives any property to a staff member of a company, an enterprise or any other entity for any illicit benefit shall be sentenced to imprisonment of not more than three years or limited incarceration in addition to a fine if the amount of property is relatively large; or be sentenced to imprisonment of not less than three years but not more than ten years in addition to a fine if the amount of property is huge. | | 第一百六十四條 【對非國家工作人員行賄罪】為謀取不正當利益，給予公司、企業或者其他單位的工作人員以財物，數額較大的，處三年以下有期徒刑或者拘役，並處罰金；數額巨大的，處三年以上十年以下有期徒刑，並處罰金。 |
| Whoever gives any property to a functionary of a foreign country or an official of an international public organization for any improper commercial benefit shall be punished according to the provision of the preceding paragraph. | | 【對外國公職人員、國際公共組織官員行賄罪】為謀取不正當商業利益，給予外國公職人員或者國際公共組織官員以財物的，依照前款的規定處罰。 |
| Where an entity commits a crime as provided for in the preceding two paragraphs, a fine shall be imposed on it, and its directly responsible person and other directly liable persons shall be punished according to the provision of paragraph 1 of this Article. | | 單位犯前兩款罪的，對單位判處罰金，並對其直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員，依照第一款的規定處罰。 |
| A briber who voluntarily confesses to his bribery before a criminal investigation on him is opened may be given a mitigated penalty or be exempted from penalty. | | 行賄人在被追訴前主動交待行賄行為的，可以減輕處罰或者免除處罰。 |
| Article 165 . Directors and managers of state-owned companies or enterprises who, in order to gain illegal benefits, make use of their job opportunity to conduct for themselves or others business similar to that conducted by companies or enterprises to which they attach, shall, in cases involving a large amount, be punished with imprisonment or limited incarceration for less than three years, with a fine or a separately imposed fine, for cases involving extraordinarily large amounts, with imprisonment of over three years but less than seven years, and with fine. | | 第一百六十五條 【非法經營同類營業罪】國有公司、企業的董事、經理利用職務便利，自己經營或者為他人經營與其所任職公司、企業同類的營業，獲取非法利益，數額巨大的，處三年以下有期徒刑或者拘役，並處或者單處罰金；數額特別巨大的，處三年以上七年以下有期徒刑，並處罰金。 |
| Article 166 . Work personnel in state-owned companies, enterprises, or institutions, who use their job opportunity to commit the following acts that seriously hurt state interests, shall be punished with imprisonment or limited incarceration of less than three years, with a fine or a separately imposed fine; for cases that cause extraordinary huge losses to state interests, with imprisonment of over three years and less than seven years, and with fine: | | 第一百六十六條 【為親友非法牟利罪】國有公司、企業、事業單位的工作人員，利用職務便利，有下列情形之一，使國家利益遭受重大損失的，處三年以下有期徒刑或者拘役，並處或者單處罰金；致使國家利益遭受特別重大損失的，處三年以上七年以下有期徒刑，並處罰金： |
| (1) offering profitable business conducted by their own units to their relatives and friends for operation; | | （一）將本單位的盈利業務交由自己的親友進行經營的； |
| (2) buying merchandise from units operated and managed by their relatives and friends at a price apparently higher than market price or selling merchandise to units operated and managed by their relatives and friends at a price apparently lower than market price; or | | （二）以明顯高于市場的價格向自己的親友經營管理的單位采購商品或者以明顯低于市場的價格向自己的親友經營管理的單位銷售商品的； |
| (3) buying substandard merchandise from units operated and managed by their relatives and friends. | | （三）向自己的親友經營管理的單位采購不合格商品的。 |
| Article 167 . People directly in charge of state-owned companies, enterprises, or institutions who are defrauded because of serious irresponsibility during the process of signing or fulfilling contracts and thus cause great damage to national interests shall be sentenced to not more than three years in prison or limited incarceration. If they cause especially serious damage to national interests, they shall be sentenced to not less than three years and not more than seven years in prison. | | 第一百六十七條 【簽訂、履行合同失職被騙罪】國有公司、企業、事業單位直接負責的主管人員，在簽訂、履行合同過程中，因嚴重不負責任被詐騙，致使國家利益遭受重大損失的，處三年以下有期徒刑或者拘役；致使國家利益遭受特別重大損失的，處三年以上七年以下有期徒刑。 |
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