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| Order of the President of the People's Republic of China | | 中华人民共和国主席令 |
| (No. 4) | | （第四号） |
| The Counterespionage Law of the People's Republic of China, as revised and adopted at the 2nd Session of the Standing Committee of the Fourteenth National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on April 26, 2023, is hereby issued, with effect from July 1, 2023. | | 《中华人民共和国反间谍法》已由中华人民共和国第十四届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二次会议于2023年4月26日修订通过，现予公布，自2023年7月1日起施行。 |
| Xi Jinping, President of the People's Republic of China | | 中华人民共和国主席 习近平 |
| April 26, 2023 | | 2023年4月26日 |
| Counterespionage Law of the People's Republic of China | | 中华人民共和国反间谍法 |
| (Adopted at the 11th Session of the Standing Committee of the Twelfth National People's Congress on November 1, 2014 and revised at the 2nd Session of the Standing Committee of the Fourteenth National People's Congress on April 26, 2023) | | （2014年11月1日第十二届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十一次会议通过 2023年4月26日第十四届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二次会议修订） |
| Contents | | 目 录 |
| Chapter I General Provisions | | 第一章 总 则 |
| Chapter II Security Protection | | 第二章 安全防范 |
| Chapter III Investigation and Disposition | | 第三章 调查处置 |
| Chapter IV Safeguards and Supervision | | 第四章 保障与监督 |
| Chapter V Legal Liability | | 第五章 法律责任 |
| Chapter VI Supplemental Provisions | | 第六章 附 则 |
| Chapter I General Provisions | | 第一章 总 则 |
| Article 1 This Law is enacted in accordance with the Constitution for the purposes of strengthening the counterespionage work, preventing, frustrating, and punishing espionage, maintaining national security, and protecting the interests of the people. | | 第一条 为了加强反间谍工作，防范、制止和惩治间谍行为，维护国家安全，保护人民利益，根据宪法，制定本法。 |
| Article 2 The counterespionage work adheres to the centralized and uniform leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, adheres to the holistic approach to national security, adheres to the principles of combining open work with confidential work and combining specialized work with reliance on the people, and adheres to proactive defense, punishment in accordance with the law, and both temporary and permanent solutions, to build a solid line of defense for national security of the people. | | 第二条 反间谍工作坚持党中央集中统一领导，坚持总体国家安全观，坚持公开工作与秘密工作相结合、专门工作与群众路线相结合，坚持积极防御、依法惩治、标本兼治，筑牢国家安全人民防线。 |
| Article 3 The counterespionage work shall be conducted in accordance with the law, during which human rights shall be respected and protected and the lawful rights and interests of individuals and organizations shall be safeguarded. | | 第三条 反间谍工作应当依法进行，尊重和保障人权，保障个人和组织的合法权益。 |
| Article 4 For the purposes of this Law, “espionage” means the following conduct: | | 第四条 本法所称间谍行为，是指下列行为： |
| (1) Activities compromising the national security of the People's Republic of China, committed by an espionage organization or its agent or any other person as instigated or funded by the espionage organization or its agent or committed by a domestic or overseas institution, organization, or individual in collusion with the espionage organization or its agent. | | （一）间谍组织及其代理人实施或者指使、资助他人实施，或者境内外机构、组织、个人与其相勾结实施的危害中华人民共和国国家安全的活动； |
| (2) Joining an espionage organization, accepting a task assigned by an espionage organization or its agent, or seeking refuge with an espionage organization or its agent. | | （二）参加间谍组织或者接受间谍组织及其代理人的任务，或者投靠间谍组织及其代理人； |
| (3) Activities of stealing, prying, purchasing, or illegally providing any state secret or intelligence or any other document, data, material, or article relating to the national security and interest or causing an employee of state to defect by instigation, inducement, threat, or bribery, committed by an overseas institution, organization, or individual other than an espionage organization or its agent or by any other person as instigated or funded by the overseas institution, organization, or individual other than an espionage organization or its agent or committed by a domestic institution, organization, or individual in collusion with the overseas institution, organization, or individual other than an espionage organization or its agent. | | （三）间谍组织及其代理人以外的其他境外机构、组织、个人实施或者指使、资助他人实施，或者境内机构、组织、个人与其相勾结实施的窃取、刺探、收买、非法提供国家秘密、情报以及其他关系国家安全和利益的文件、数据、资料、物品，或者策动、引诱、胁迫、收买国家工作人员叛变的活动； |
| (4) Activities of attacking, hacking, interfering with, controlling, or undermining the network of a state agency, entity involving confidential information, or critical information infrastructure, among others, committed by an espionage organization or its agent or any other person as instigated or funded by the espionage organization or its agent or committed by a domestic or overseas institution, organization, or individual in collusion with the espionage organization or its agent. | | （四）间谍组织及其代理人实施或者指使、资助他人实施，或者境内外机构、组织、个人与其相勾结实施针对国家机关、涉密单位或者关键信息基础设施等的网络攻击、侵入、干扰、控制、破坏等活动； |
| (5) Indicating attack targets to enemies. | | （五）为敌人指示攻击目标； |
| (6) Other espionage activities. | | （六）进行其他间谍活动。 |
| Where an espionage organization or its agent engages in espionage activities against a third country in the territory of the People's Republic of China or by taking advantage of a citizen, an organization, or any other condition of the People's Republic of China, which compromises the national security of the People's Republic of China, this Law applies. | | 间谍组织及其代理人在中华人民共和国领域内，或者利用中华人民共和国的公民、组织或者其他条件，从事针对第三国的间谍活动，危害中华人民共和国国家安全的，适用本法。 |
| Article 5 The state establishes a coordination mechanism for the counterespionage work, to coordinate in an overall planning manner the significant matters concerning the counterespionage work and research and resolve the major issues in the counterespionage work. | | 第五条 国家建立反间谍工作协调机制，统筹协调反间谍工作中的重大事项，研究、解决反间谍工作中的重大问题。 |
| Article 6 The national security authorities are the authorities in charge of the counterespionage work. | | 第六条 国家安全机关是反间谍工作的主管机关。 |
| Public security, secrecy, and other relevant departments and the relevant departments of the armed forces shall, according to their division of duties, closely cooperate with each other, strengthen coordination, and effectively conduct the relevant work in accordance with the law. | | 公安、保密等有关部门和军队有关部门按照职责分工，密切配合，加强协调，依法做好有关工作。 |
| Article 7 Citizens of the People's Republic of China have the obligation to safeguard the security, honor, and interest of the state, and may not compromise in any way the security, honor, or interest of the state. | | 第七条 中华人民共和国公民有维护国家的安全、荣誉和利益的义务，不得有危害国家的安全、荣誉和利益的行为。 |
| All state agencies and armed forces, all political parties, and all people's groups, enterprises, public institutions, and other social organizations have the obligation to prevent and frustrate espionage and maintain national security. | | 一切国家机关和武装力量、各政党和各人民团体、企业事业组织和其他社会组织，都有防范、制止间谍行为，维护国家安全的义务。 |
| The national security authorities must rely on the support from the people in their counterespionage work, and mobilize and organize the people to prevent and frustrate espionage. | | 国家安全机关在反间谍工作中必须依靠人民的支持，动员、组织人民防范、制止间谍行为。 |
| Article 8 Any citizen or organization shall, in accordance with the law, support and assist the counterespionage work, and keep state secrets and counterespionage work secrets to which they have access confidential. | | 第八条 任何公民和组织都应当依法支持、协助反间谍工作，保守所知悉的国家秘密和反间谍工作秘密。 |
| Article 9 The state provides protection for individuals and organizations that support or assist in the counterespionage work. | | 第九条 国家对支持、协助反间谍工作的个人和组织给予保护。 |
| The individuals and organizations that report espionage or have made significant contributions to the counterespionage work shall be commended and rewarded in accordance with the relevant provisions issued by the state. | | 对举报间谍行为或者在反间谍工作中做出重大贡献的个人和组织，按照国家有关规定给予表彰和奖励。 |
| Article 10 Espionage compromising the national security of the People's Republic of China, committed by an overseas institution, organization, or individual or by any other person as instigated or funded by the overseas institution, organization or committed by a domestic institution, organization, or individual in collusion with an overseas institution, organization or individual, must be subject to legal liability. | | 第十条 境外机构、组织、个人实施或者指使、资助他人实施的，或者境内机构、组织、个人与境外机构、组织、个人相勾结实施的危害中华人民共和国国家安全的间谍行为，都必须受到法律追究。 |
| Article 11 The national security authorities and their employees shall, in their work, strictly handle affairs in accordance with the law, and may not overstep or abuse their powers or infringe upon the lawful rights and interests of any individual or organization. | | 第十一条 国家安全机关及其工作人员在工作中，应当严格依法办事，不得超越职权、滥用职权，不得侵犯个人和组织的合法权益。 |
| The information on individuals and organizations obtained by the national security authorities and their employees in performing their counterespionage work duties in accordance with the law may only be used for the counterespionage work. The information that is a state secret, a work secret, a trade secret, individual privacy, or personal information shall be kept confidential. | | 国家安全机关及其工作人员依法履行反间谍工作职责获取的个人和组织的信息，只能用于反间谍工作。对属于国家秘密、工作秘密、商业秘密和个人隐私、个人信息的，应当保密。 |
| Chapter II Security Protection | | 第二章 安全防范 |
| Article 12 State agencies, people's groups, enterprises, public institutions, and other social organizations shall assume the primary responsibilities for their respective work on counterespionage security protection, implement counterespionage security protective measures, provide education on maintaining national security to their employees, and mobilize and organize their employees to prevent and frustrate espionage. | | 第十二条 国家机关、人民团体、企业事业组织和其他社会组织承担本单位反间谍安全防范工作的主体责任，落实反间谍安全防范措施，对本单位的人员进行维护国家安全的教育，动员、组织本单位的人员防范、制止间谍行为。 |
| The local people's governments at all levels and the relevant industry departments shall, according to their division of duties, administer the counterespionage security protection work in their respective administrative divisions or industries. | | 地方各级人民政府、相关行业主管部门按照职责分工，管理本行政区域、本行业有关反间谍安全防范工作。 |
| The national security authorities shall coordinate, guide, and conduct supervisory inspection on the counterespionage security protection work in accordance with the law. | | 国家安全机关依法协调指导、监督检查反间谍安全防范工作。 |
| Article 13 The people's governments at all levels and the relevant departments shall organize the publicity and education on counterespionage security protection by including counterespionage security protection knowledge in education, training, and legal publicity to enhance the counterespionage security protection awareness of all citizens and national security literacy. | | 第十三条 各级人民政府和有关部门应当组织开展反间谍安全防范宣传教育，将反间谍安全防范知识纳入教育、培训、普法宣传内容，增强全民反间谍安全防范意识和国家安全素养。 |
| News, radio, television, cultural, Internet information service, and other entities shall conduct pertinent counterespionage publicity and education for the public. | | 新闻、广播、电视、文化、互联网信息服务等单位，应当面向社会有针对性地开展反间谍宣传教育。 |
| The national security authorities shall, in light of the situation of counterespionage security protection, guide the relevant entities in conducting counterespionage publicity and education activities, to enhance their awareness and capability of protection. | | 国家安全机关应当根据反间谍安全防范形势，指导有关单位开展反间谍宣传教育活动，提高防范意识和能力。 |
| Article 14 Any individual or organization may not illegally obtain or hold any document, data, material, or article that is a state secret. | | 第十四条 任何个人和组织都不得非法获取、持有属于国家秘密的文件、数据、资料、物品。 |
| Article 15 Any individual or organization may not illegally produce, sell, hold, or use any specialized espionage instrument as specially needed for espionage. Specialized espionage instruments are confirmed by the national security department of the State Council in accordance with the relevant provisions issued by the state. | | 第十五条 任何个人和组织都不得非法生产、销售、持有、使用间谍活动特殊需要的专用间谍器材。专用间谍器材由国务院国家安全主管部门依照国家有关规定确认。 |
| Article 16 Any citizen or organization that discovers espionage shall report to the national security authorities in a timely manner; and if the citizen or organization reports to the public security authorities or any other state agency or organization, the relevant state agency or organization shall immediately transfer the report to the national security authorities for handling. | | 第十六条 任何公民和组织发现间谍行为，应当及时向国家安全机关举报；向公安机关等其他国家机关、组织举报的，相关国家机关、组织应当立即移送国家安全机关处理。 |
| The national security authorities shall disclose to the public the telephone number, mailbox, and network platform, among others, for receiving reports, handle reports in a timely manner in accordance with the law, and keep the reporting persons confidential. | | 国家安全机关应当将受理举报的电话、信箱、网络平台等向社会公开，依法及时处理举报信息，并为举报人保密。 |
| Article 17 The state establishes a management system of priority entities for counterespionage security protection. | | 第十七条 国家建立反间谍安全防范重点单位管理制度。 |
| A priority entity for counterespionage security protection shall establish rules for the counterespionage security protection work, fulfill the requirements for the counterespionage security protection work, and specify the counterespionage security protection duties of its internal functional department and personnel. | | 反间谍安全防范重点单位应当建立反间谍安全防范工作制度，履行反间谍安全防范工作要求，明确内设职能部门和人员承担反间谍安全防范职责。 |
| Article 18 A priority entity for counterespionage security protection shall strengthen the education and management on counterespionage security protection of its employees, and conduct supervisory inspection on the fulfillment of counterespionage security protection obligations during the period of continuing confidentiality by personnel who have left their posts or offices. | | 第十八条 反间谍安全防范重点单位应当加强对工作人员反间谍安全防范的教育和管理，对离岗离职人员脱密期内履行反间谍安全防范义务的情况进行监督检查。 |
| Article 19 A priority entity for counterespionage security protection shall strengthen the routine security protection management of the matters, sites, and carriers, among others, involving confidential information, and take physical counterespionage protective measures such as isolation and reinforcement, closed management, and setting warnings. | | 第十九条 反间谍安全防范重点单位应当加强对涉密事项、场所、载体等的日常安全防范管理，采取隔离加固、封闭管理、设置警戒等反间谍物理防范措施。 |
| Article 20 A priority entity for counterespionage security protection shall, according to the requirements and standards for counterespionage technical protection, take the corresponding technical measures and other necessary measures, and strengthen counterespionage technical protection of critical departments and sections, network facilities, and information systems. | | 第二十条 反间谍安全防范重点单位应当按照反间谍技术防范的要求和标准，采取相应的技术措施和其他必要措施，加强对要害部门部位、网络设施、信息系统的反间谍技术防范。 |
| Article 21 Where a construction project of new construction, conversion, or expansion is located in the surrounding security control area of an important state agency, a national defense and military industry entity, any other important entity involving confidential information, or an important military installation, the national security authorities implement licensing for construction projects involving national security matters. | | 第二十一条 在重要国家机关、国防军工单位和其他重要涉密单位以及重要军事设施的周边安全控制区域内新建、改建、扩建建设项目的，由国家安全机关实施涉及国家安全事项的建设项目许可。 |
| In developing the general plan on national economic and social development, the general plan on territorial space, and other relevant general plans, a local people's government at or above the county level shall fully consider the national security factors and the delimited security control areas , and request comments from the national security authorities. | | 县级以上地方各级人民政府编制国民经济和社会发展规划、国土空间规划等有关规划，应当充分考虑国家安全因素和划定的安全控制区域，征求国家安全机关的意见。 |
| The delimitation of security control areas shall coordinate development and security, and adhere to the principles of being scientific, rational, and necessary. Security control areas shall be jointly delimited by the national security authorities in conjunction with the development and reform, natural resources, housing and urban-rural development, secrecy, science, technology, and industry for national defense, and other departments, as well as the relevant departments of the armed forces, be reported to the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions, or municipalities directly under the Central Government for approval, and be adjusted dynamically. | | 安全控制区域的划定应当统筹发展和安全，坚持科学合理、确有必要的原则，由国家安全机关会同发展改革、自然资源、住房城乡建设、保密、国防科技工业等部门以及军队有关部门共同划定，报省、自治区、直辖市人民政府批准并动态调整。 |
| The specific implementing measures for the licensing of construction projects involving national security matters are developed by the national security department of the State Council in conjunction with the relevant departments. | | 涉及国家安全事项的建设项目许可的具体实施办法，由国务院国家安全主管部门会同有关部门制定。 |
| Article 22 As needed for the counterespionage work, the national security authorities may develop the counterespionage technical prevention standards in conjunction with the relevant departments, and guide the relevant entities in implementing counterespionage technical prevention measures; and may conduct counterespionage technical prevention inspection and testing of entities with hidden risks after undergoing strict approval formalities. | | 第二十二条 国家安全机关根据反间谍工作需要，可以会同有关部门制定反间谍技术防范标准，指导有关单位落实反间谍技术防范措施，对存在隐患的单位，经过严格的批准手续，可以进行反间谍技术防范检查和检测。 |
| Chapter III Investigation and Disposition | | 第三章 调查处置 |
| ．．．．．． | | ．．．．．． |
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